Technical science. Brief history, examples

Engineering is a complex of sciences that explore the technosphere or important phenomena for its development. The first scientists who made a great contribution to the development of technical sciences were Geron, Archimedes, Papp, Leonardo Da Vinci, Vitruvius. The first such science was mechanics. Also, scientists such as W. Sane, Roger Bacon, Thomas Bradwardine, D. Uffano, J. Vignola, U. Gelbert made a significant contribution to the development of technology.

Approximately until the 19th century, scientists isolated only two kinds of sciences: humanitarian and natural. The technical sciences took up an intermediate position. After all, technology - a product created by man and not found in nature. However, it obeys all the same laws as natural objects. The main task of engineering sciences is to study the laws of artificial phenomena and their relationship with natural sciences.

The history of science and technology includes the discoveries and achievements of great people. We will tell only about two famous Russian scientists - about Lomonosov and Mendeleev.

MV Lomonosov is a great Russian scientist, historian and geographer, physicist and chemist, astronomer and instrument-maker, he studied natural and technical sciences. He laid the basic laws of the science of glass, was engaged in the development of a prototype helicopter, and he also owns the discovery of the atmosphere near the planet of Venus. He created a project of the now famous Moscow University, which was later named in his honor.

DI Mendeleyev is a Russian scientist, physiochemist, metrologist, technologist, geologist and meteorologist, economist, instrument-maker and aeronaut. The most significant and famous scientific discoveries are the periodic law of chemical elements. He also discovered a critical temperature, investigated the phenomena of isomorphism, created a device that determines the density of the liquid (pycnometer), is the author of the textbook "Organic Chemistry".

What are the technical sciences? Here are just some examples.

• Architecture is the art of designing and constructing buildings and various buildings that a person needs for his daily life. Architecture is also called the appearance of buildings.
• Informatics is a relatively young discipline that studies issues related to the collection, storage and use of various information in the fields of human activities.
• Astronautics is the technology and science of flying in outer space with the help of manned and automatic vehicles.
• Mechanics is a field of physics that studies the motion and interaction of bodies. This science can be divided into several sections - classical, relativistic and quantum mechanics.
• Mechanical engineering is an industry whose task is to design and manufacture all kinds of instruments, implements, defense products and consumer goods. It is subdivided into general, heavy, medium and exact.
• Chemical technology - this branch studies the most environmentally friendly and economical methods and means of processing natural materials in intermediate products and consumer products. It is divided into organic and inorganic.
• Electrical engineering is a branch of technical sciences that studies the acquisition, distribution and use of electricity energy. It stood out in physics independent of physics in the late 19th century.
• Nuclear energy is an energy industry that produces thermal and electrical energy through conversion (fission of plutonium or uranium nuclei) into nuclear energy.
• Also, engineering sciences include biotechnology, shipbuilding, metallurgy, materials science, system engineering, astronomy and astrophysics, and many other industries.

The main methods of engineering sciences are computer and mathematical modeling of realized or supposed constructions.