How to connect the VAZ-2106 generator (connection diagram)

In this article, the VAZ-2106 generator will be considered. The circuit of its connection is below, but at the very beginning it will be told about the general design of this device. With its help, there is a transformation of mechanical energy into electricity. The main function of the car generator is the product of recharging the battery. It also provides power for all equipment that is in the car, including the engine. On all machines, generators produce alternating current. Only after some transformations it stabilizes and turns into a permanent one.

General information

The generator is located directly near the engine, usually in the front of it. The drive is from a pulley located on the crankshaft. On some cars, for example, hybrid, the generator can perform the functions of a starter. The structures of both mechanisms are very similar, therefore some manufacturers try to reduce the number of electric machines. Please note that the connection diagram of the VAZ-2106 generator is the same as that of any other machine.

In all generators there are certain differences, for example in the housing, rectifier assembly, drive pulleys, but the common elements are virtually identical in all. Constant are the housing with bearings in it, a movable rotor that rotates inside the fixed stator. From the latter, the AC voltage is completely removed. No generator can do without a rectifier unit and a voltage regulator.

Rotor of the generator

Most generators are equipped with a brush mechanism. In many designs, it is combined with a voltage regulator. The rotor creates a magnetic field, which rotates thanks to the drive belt. The field winding, which is located on the rotor itself, is fed through a voltage regulator. At the rear of the rotor are the rings, with which the winding is powered. Without them, the connection scheme of the VAZ-2106 generator is not working.

In most designs, these rings are made of pure copper. But sometimes you can come across steel or brass. Also on the rotor there is an impeller, by means of which the airflow of the device is blown. Next to the impeller is attached the drive pulley. In the front and rear covers of the generator there are maintenance-free ball bearings.

A bit about the stator

An electric current is created in the stator. It has three windings made of copper wire. This wire is wound on a special steel core. As a rule, the generator has a total of 36 grooves in which the winding is laid. It can fit into the grooves in two ways - wave or loop. The windings are connected according to the "star" scheme. This is the most common circuit used in generators in cars. It is worth noting that the scheme for connecting the VAZ-2108 generator to the VAZ-2106 is practically the same. The only difference is that in the first model the voltage regulator is combined with the brush node.

All elements of the mechanism are housed in the body. Actually, the body is only two aluminum covers, which are tightened with bolts. The choice of aluminum elements is quite reasonable, since it is not magnetized, it has very low weight, and most importantly - a high degree of heat transfer. With the help of the brush assembly, the current is transferred to the rotor winding. Its design consists of a pair of brushes made of graphite, springs, which allow them to be pressed more firmly against the rings on the rotor, and also the brush holder. As it was mentioned earlier, in most modern cars the brush holder and voltage regulator are assembled in one unit.

Rectifier assembly

The rectifier unit is necessary in order to convert the alternating sinusoidal voltage generated by the generator into a constant, necessary for supplying the entire on-board network. In fact, this is a horseshoe plate in which semiconductor diodes are located . There are only six of them, therefore, there are two semiconductors in the circuit of each phase. The horseshoe plate, on which the diodes are fixed, also serves as a heat sink. With its help, heat is transmitted to the body of the generator itself. In some generators, the excitation winding is connected through another circuit consisting of two semiconductors. It should also be mentioned that the scheme for connecting the VAZ-2107 generator to the VAZ-2106 is similar, there are no differences.

Additional rectifier

With this rectifier, an obstacle is created for the current to flow from the battery while the engine is not running. In the event that the winding connection is made according to the "star" scheme, two semiconductors must be mounted on the common terminal, this will allow to increase the total capacity of the entire installation by a maximum of 15 percent. The rectifier unit is connected to the generator system by means of mounting pads. Connection is made by bolts, welding, less often by soldering. You can even say that the connection scheme for the starter and VAZ-2106 generator is very similar, only the functions of the nodes are different.

Voltage regulator

Using a voltage regulator, a definite value is maintained on the field winding. To date, most generators are stuffed with an integral relay-controller. It should be noted that there can be only two designs of relay-regulators: hybrid, which uses radio-electronic components, for example zener diodes, resistors, capacitors, as well as an integral design in which all the elements included in the relay regulator are made on a single semiconductor plate . This is the main element of which the VAZ-2106 generator consists. The scheme of connection of semiconductors is given in the article.

At the output of the generator, a stable voltage is generated, regardless of the frequency with which the crankshaft rotates , and also what load affects the motor. Stabilization is fully automatic, no intervention by the driver is required. With the help of the regulator, a voltage change occurs, which is applied to the battery to charge it. Therefore it is important to know how to connect the VAZ-2106 generator. The scheme of connection of its elements is useful to all owners of this car.

Belt drive

Particular mention should be made of the drive belt. Note that the rotor of the generator rotates faster than the crankshaft. And the difference can be 2-3 times. Depending on which car, a wedge-shaped or poly-V-belt can be used . The first has such a disadvantage as rapid wear. The second is more versatile, the wear is much less, it works very well if the diameter of the pulley is small on the rotor of the generator. Therefore, by means of a poly-V-belt, a faster rotation of the rotor of the generator can be achieved. Almost all modern cars are equipped with generator sets with a poly-V-belt. But the VAZ-2106 generator, whose connection scheme is now known to you, is driven by a wedge-shaped belt.