Stomach cancer

Cancer of the stomach is one of the most common oncopathologies. According to scientists and oncologists, gastric cancer is caused by malnutrition, as well as eating low-quality and harmful foods. Oncologists believe that eating vegetables and fruits, as well as food rich in fiber, protects the stomach from diseases. Marinated, salted and smoked food, on the contrary, has a harmful effect and contributes to the formation of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.

A characteristic manifestation of stomach cancer is a digestive disorder. Accompanying its symptoms: heaviness and discomfort in the abdomen, vomiting and nausea, loss of appetite.

It is suggested that the level of nitrates in drinking water directly influences the formation of stomach cancer. But the established opinion that alcohol promotes the development of a stomach tumor, on the contrary, has not been confirmed and no scientific proof has been received.

The absence of pathognomonic symptoms causes a later detection of such a cancerous tumor. As a result, stomach cancer is detected at terminal stages, which aggravates the prognosis for the patient.

Isolate four consecutive stages of cancer, depending on the development of the pathological process, in this regard, the principles of treatment at different stages of cancer differ.

In the first and second stages of cancer, resection of the stomach and excision of regional lymph nodes are indicated . "Gastric cancer, stage 3" involves, in addition to radical resection, the use of radiation therapy. If the diagnosis is "grade 4 stomach cancer," the treatment involves a whole range of activities, including all of the above listed, as well as palliative, radiation and chemotherapy.

Cancer of the stomach is an extremely difficult pathology, with great difficulty giving in to treatment. So, resection of a tumor and regional lymph nodes most often does not provide a cure. This is due to the fact that gastric cancer is characterized by early proliferation and metastasis. Metastatic foci are often so small that available methods do not allow them to be diagnosed.

Currently, new, experimental, methods of treatment are actively being investigated. As such a method, preoperative chemotherapy is used that helps to reduce the size of the tumor and facilitates the subsequent process of surgery.

Applied surgical methods of treatment include both total gastrectomy and partial, with the removal of regional lymph nodes. In the advanced stages of gastric cancer, total gastrectomy (removal) is performed, as well as resection of the spleen and lower part of the esophagus. Radiation therapy for stomach cancer is used extremely rarely. First of all, this is due to irradiation of neighboring organs and systems.

Five-year survival of patients with gastric cancer after surgery is about 10-15%, with superficial tumor localization, these values can reach 70%.

A feature of chemotherapy in cancer is the lack of a reliable effect on the life expectancy of the patient, but its effectiveness ranges from twenty-five to forty percent.

With regard to radiation therapy, the intraoperative radiotherapy used as a result of the application proved to be effective and significantly increased the five-year survival rate of patients with stomach oncology at stages 2 and 3.
The prognosis depends first of all on the stage of gastric cancer detection. When detecting in the early stages of the effectiveness of treatment is up to seventy percent. However, such early detection is extremely rare in connection with the hidden picture of the manifestation of this pathology. Therefore, at the time of detection of cancer, only forty percent of patients have the potential to be cured.