Shelf life of analyzes before the operation: norms, requirements and recommendations

What analyzes to hand over before operation? Let's look at this article.

If a person is to be treated in a hospital, he will be offered to take a certain number of tests necessary for hospitalization and corresponding to the clinical protocols and the profile of the department in which he is to lie. If a person needs to be treated promptly, then the list of tests before the surgery may be more extensive to understand whether surgery can be performed in the current state of the organism, or its further improvement with the help of procedures and preparations. The expiry date of the analyzes before the operation will be considered at the end of the article.

Blood tests before surgery and for hospitalization

Almost always before the referral to inpatient treatment and before surgery, blood tests are prescribed. There are a number of reasons for this, such as determining the degree of impairment of the functions of a particular organ, examining the general health status or detecting the presence of infections.

The following blood tests can be called the most often included in the list of preoperative or pre-hospitalization examinations: biochemical analysis, general analysis, determination of Rh factor and blood groups, tests for hepatitis C and B, syphilis, HIV.

If a patient has any disease or a certain condition of the body that corresponds to an anamnesis, tests and tests can tell the doctor about the need to adjust the treatment plan.

What research is carried out with various pathologies?

If the patient has health problems that affect blood coagulation, a coagulogram may be required. This blood test is done if:

• The patient takes medications that dilute the blood,
• He easily develops bruises,
• There were any problems during previous operations and dental procedures with bleeding in the patient or his close relatives.

If a patient has diabetes or a predisposition to develop the disease, he will need to undergo tests that diagnose diabetes.

If the patient is a woman of childbearing age, she may need to take a pregnancy test. This includes a blood test showing the level of the hCG hormone, that is, human chorionic gonadotropin. The expiry date of the tests before the operation must be observed.

Other analyzes and examinations

Most often, from other studies conducted in the laboratory, a general urine test is prescribed. In case of kidney disease, the doctor may recommend additional analysis (urine analysis according to Nechiporenko or sterility).

Before entering a hospital, a woman may need to consult a gynecologist and take tests for sexual infections, smears on the microflora from the urethra and the genital tract. In this case, the expiry date of the analyzes before the operation is necessarily taken into account.

Before surgical intervention on the lungs, heart, organ transplant, etc., more specific and serious tests may be required.

Assess the condition before and after surgery, and the effect after the treatment specialist can, based on the results of laboratory studies. If not all of the results from the test list are valid for the operation, the patient may require additional treatment, surgical intervention or a more detailed examination. Based on the results of the analysis, the attending physician can change the chosen method of anesthesia, the amount of surgical treatment or its time.

In addition to the analyzes, it may be necessary to pass instrumental examinations or examinations by other specialists. Most often this is ultrasound, ECG, fluorography, consultation of an otorhinolaryngologist, ophthalmologist, therapist, dentist or doctors, whose observation is for any concomitant disease of the patient (neurologist, endocrinologist, cardiologist, etc.).

So what is the expiration date of the tests before the operation? This question interests many.

What blood tests are performed immediately before the operation?

Right before surgery, a blood test is usually required for several reasons.

Determination of Rh factor and blood group. Any operation provides for blood loss. And if complications occur during the operation, the loss of blood may be too great, which will lead to the need for transfusion of erythrocyte mass or plasma. In this case, it is important to know what kind of patient the group of blood and rhesus in order not to make mistakes during the transfusion. The group is determined by the doctor with the help of a small amount of blood and special. Serums.

The blood sugar test is performed in order to control the level of glucose, especially when the patient has diabetes or a predisposition to the disease.

In what cases, you do not need to take tests before the operation?

If an operation with a minimum risk, the list of tests can be very short, or they will not be required at all - depending on the recommendations of the attending physician. The list of studies can be short in low-risk surgery, such as breast biopsy or small skin surgery (when removing lipoma, papilloma, etc.), etc. With such manipulations, there is a very low risk of complications if the patient has good health (no Problems with coagulability of blood, etc.).

Therefore, it is necessary to consult a specialist about the need to take certain tests before hospitalization or surgery.

How are the terms regulated?

How are the expiration dates of the analyzes before the operation? The order of the Ministry of Health does not stipulate any exact periods of validity of laboratory tests. But there are generally accepted requirements, which should be adhered to.

Dynamic changes in the state of the body obliges all research results to be carried out shortly before surgery or hospitalization. After a while, the results of many tests do not have a full diagnostic value and are suitable only for assessing the patient's health in the dynamics and comparing the result obtained after treatment with the initial data. The minimum duration of the test for preparation before surgery or hospitalization is 1-2 weeks, depending on the type of test and the time required for it. The doctor will give the patient all the necessary explanations about the terms that are given for the passage of all the examinations and analyzes.

Standard terms of analyzes

Let's quote the expiration date of blood tests before the operation. The urgency of a clinical blood test is 10 days. Biochemical blood test: glucose, urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, bilirubin indirect, total protein, ALT, AST - 10 days. Coagulograms: MNO, ACTH, fibrinogen, fibrin time - 10 days. Blood groups, Rh factor-unlimited. RW (syphilis), HCV (hepatitis C), HBs (hepatitis B) is valid for 3 months. The expiration date of the HIV test before the operation is also 3 months.

And here are other terms. A common urine test is a month. ECG (electrocardiography) - a month. Fluorography or radiography of the lungs is a year. Oncomarkers of blood: CA 125, CA 19.9. - 3 months.

The shelf life of analyzes before the operation for gynecology is standard. The urgency of the smear on the flora, oncocytology of the cervix is 3 months.