Shabreniya is ... The description of technology. Scraper flooring

Locksmith activities aimed at ensuring the smoothness of surfaces of various materials, represent a whole group of operations. These include common techniques of grinding, sawing, cutting and polishing. Combines these methods of surface finishing with the use of abrasives with a certain degree and configuration of graininess. In many respects it is similar to them, but there is also a fundamental difference between scraping. This is a technique that allows you to get a smooth surface of the workpiece with high accuracy, which in future will allow the master to ensure its tight interface with other materials.

General information about the technology

The operation is most often used in relation to metal, but in some cases, plastic and wooden surfaces are treated in a similar way. The essence of technology is the elimination of pronounced convexity on the product. That is, with the help of a special tool, lapping of irregularities is ensured. To understand the degree of accuracy, it should be noted that the height of the layer to be removed is calculated in microns. From the point of view of operation management, scraping is a mechanical manual, but not an automated process. It uses a metalwork tool, but machines and machine tools are not yet widely used in this area. The peculiarity of the method is that it is also used in working with non-standard rounded surfaces, where the radial gradient is required. For example, it can be curved and cylindrical products.

Preparing for scraping

The use of scraping is due to the tasks of obtaining a high-precision surface in terms of surface smoothness. Therefore, the use of a specialized tool to achieve this result when working with materials that have a rough surface does not justify itself. Accordingly, the blanks initially go through the stages of primary stripping, as well as grinding and even polishing. The demand for the latest operations is determined by the parameters with which specific metalwork and, in particular, scraping are realized. Experienced masters practice the use of verifying details. These are blanks, which are exemplary for the resulting product. Also at this stage, auxiliary equipment should be ready, with the help of which the operator will carry out separate technological activities. For example, special priming oil or paint can be used.

Scraping technique

After performing the preparatory processing actions, the first thing on the work surface is applied a special paint. Its task is to designate the lapping pattern, as well as to identify the most prominent areas on the surface. Sometimes large areas are zoned into separate areas, depending on the complexity of bringing them to the desired state. One way or another, according to the formed pattern, scraping is performed. This means that processing is not carried out over a continuous area, but in a certain sense point. The efficiency and quality of the resulting cut are determined by the frequency with which the cleaning is performed. After the planned volume of the cut was completed, the master produces another coating of the surface with paint, which again reveals bulges and irregularities. Thus, the quality control of the scraping is carried out. By the way, the operation cycle can be repeated several times depending on how much each session brings the surface of the workpiece closer to the sample.

Technical parameters of scraping

And in the case of flat surfaces, and in the curvilinear products, the technology makes it possible to obtain a smoothness with an allowance of unevennesses of the order of 0.002 mm at a length of 1000 mm. For example, a site measuring 25 x 25 mm ² can have up to 30 spots treated with paint at the outlet. The number of spots also determines the level of accuracy of scraping. Thin are considered surfaces on which there are more than 22 spots. And on the contrary, the product, on the surface of which there are no more than 6 spots, will be considered gross. Again, the number of remaining islands treated with paint will be calculated on an area of 25 x 25 mm ² . Depending on this parameter, the types of scraping are also determined - between fine and coarse cut, exact and fine-tuning is also distinguished. Which in a particular case you should get the result - it depends on the technical task. It is not always necessary to provide a thin cut with the presence of 30 spots. Sometimes, in order to meet the tightness requirements, coarse processing is also sufficient. But rough scraping can not be compared with a similar characteristic when grinding - in both cases we are talking about different orders of height of the remaining convexities.

Applied tool

In classical design, the scraper is a metal rod provided with cutting edges. An important feature of the device is a base made of tool carbon steel. Thanks to these alloys, the metalworker effectively works with most metal products. Also some models can be supplied with special plates-nozzles, differing in different properties - accordingly, the rigging is selected for specific tasks.

It has already been noted that mainly scraping is carried out by a hand tool. This method allows you to get a high-precision qualitative result, but has a minus - this operation is labor-intensive, requires considerable physical effort. Therefore, if special quality requirements are not envisaged, use pneumatic and electric saber machines. The mechanized scraping of parts due to the lack of the possibility of adjusting the applied pressure on the surface does not always give an accurate treatment, but it differs favorably from the manual method by the speed of the operations.

Advantages and disadvantages of technology

The main drawback of scraping lies in the cost and complexity of the process. This is one of the most troublesome locksmith operations, which are used only in special cases. Moreover, even hand-held equipment, which involves the use of a simple instrument, will not be cheap because of the need to use consumables in the form of a cut-off ink. To the merits, which are still many in this method of processing, can be attributed to obtaining a high-precision cut. A similar effect can not be provided by other plumbing work (with the exception of technological equipment for grinding and polishing). But even in this case, the same disadvantages will occur: grinding machines with increased productivity operate on a different principle and are not always able to achieve a similar qualitative level of cut. And this is not to mention the cost of the equipment itself, which at a price can exceed the pneumatic and electric scrabers.

Where is the metalworker used?

Practice shows that scraping in the professional sphere of locksmithing takes about 20% of all operations. Nevertheless, the niche in which the products so produced is quite limited. In general, scrapers are used in the processes of manufacturing parts for machines, machines, industrial equipment, etc. It is important not to forget that scraping is a method of obtaining high-precision surfaces in the parameters of smoothness. And the surfaces themselves can be curvilinear. For example, quality bearings with optimal radial planes can only be obtained in this way.

Conclusion

The difficulty of bringing metal surfaces to a state where they will not be visible even to the unevenness visible to the eye, has determined the high responsibility of the artist himself. The fact is that the most qualitative operation (scraping) involves manual modification, directly dependent on the skills of the master. An experienced fitter must take into account a lot of nuances in the process of work. These include the selection of a banded ink, and the use of a particular frequency of the tool, and other subtleties that will determine the merits of the final result.