Schemes of two-pipe heating systems. Installation, connection, cost of materials

The water heating system can be called the most common option among the rest. According to statistics, more than 2/3 of buildings are heated by this method. But the concept of a "heating system operating on water" is quite general. It can include many varieties. Among them is a two-pipe system, which is popular and practical.

Principle of operation

Schemes of two-pipe heating systems will be considered in the article below. However, before starting the installation work, you should familiarize yourself with the basic principles of the functioning of such heating structures. The system is a closed loop circuit, through which the coolant circulates through the radiators from the heater and back. As a distinguishing feature of this structure is the presence of two branches of the pipeline. The coolant is distributed over the first, while the other leads to the removal of the cooled water from the radiator, and the liquid then returns to the boiler.

The main advantages of a two-pipe system

Schemes of two-pipe heating systems are more complex in the device and expensive in implementation, but they are becoming more popular, as they have a number of advantages, among which one can distinguish the fact that each radiator receives water with the same temperature. In each room, you can set a certain level of heating by means of a thermostat, which is installed, if desired, on each battery. The heat transfer of heating devices in the rest of the rooms does not affect the regulation.

Scope of use

The pressure losses are not so great in comparison with alternative systems that allows to use not so powerful and economic circulating pump. The system can be installed in any building, be it multi-storey, multi-apartment or single-storey. Thanks to the stop valves, which are installed on the supply pipelines, the replacement of the radiator or the repair can be realized without stopping the system.

Additional features

Schemes of two-pipe heating systems have one drawback, which is considered very relative. The construction will use a double length of the pipeline, which leads to the acquisition of a double number of pipes. But consider this a negative characteristic is not necessary for the reason that the installation uses pipes of small diameter, the size of fasteners, valves, joints and fittings are also not too large. For this reason, the amount that will be needed to equip the described system will not be much higher, in particular this is true when compared with the installation of a single-pipe system. But the advantages in the first case are much greater.

Schemes of two-pipe systems

Installation of two-pipe type heating may involve the use of one of two schemes, among which one can distinguish closed and open. As a criterion of division, the type of expansion tank is used, which is used in the design. With the open circuit, an open expansion tank is installed at the uppermost point of the structure, which allows the heat carrier to evaporate. At the same time, the internal pressure of the system is relatively low. If you are installing a classic two-pipe type heating, the work involves the installation of an expansion tank that has a membrane type. It causes the liquid to circulate under the influence of forced pressure. The absence of evaporation makes it possible to use not only water, but also solutions based on glycols, which are more practical as a heat carrier. As for the closed scheme, it is recognized as more environmentally friendly and safe.

Classification by location of pipelines

If you are installing a two-pipe polypropylene heating system , then you may prefer a vertical system that differs from the connection of the radiators to the vertical riser. This method can be considered optimal for the arrangement of heating in a multi-storey building, as it is possible to connect each floor separately to the riser. As the main advantage here is the absence of air congestion during operation. However, it is necessary to take into account that the cost of the arrangement will be slightly higher in comparison with other options.

Horizontal Scheme

The connection of a two-pipe heating system can be realized also in a horizontal scheme. This solution is used mainly for single-story buildings, which have an impressive area. Installation involves connecting heaters to a pipeline that will be oriented horizontally. Specialists recommend in this case to have risers and wiring in the stairwell or in the corridor. To eliminate air congestion on the battery, you can install a Maevsky crane.

Classification by the method of arrangement of wiring

Two-pipe wiring of the heating system can assume its lower or upper location. In the first case, the hot pipeline is located in the lower part of the building, here you can include a basement, an underground space or a basement. The return line should be located even lower. To ensure circulation of the heating medium, the boiler must be damped in such a way that all the radiators are higher than it. During installation work, an upper air line must be connected to the circuit, which will be used to remove excess air from the network. Schemes of two-pipe heating systems can assume the upper wiring. In this case, the spreading line should be arranged at the top of the structure, the expansion tank is installed at the highest point of the contour. Typically, the pipeline is laid in the attic, and if it is a building with a flat roof, then this design is unacceptable.

Installation and connection

If you are considering a one-pipe and two-pipe heating system, then it is entirely possible that a second variety will be chosen, which is due to the more impressive number of advantages of this scheme. Before you start the installation, you need to familiarize yourself with the sequence of work. For starters, wall gas heating boilers are installed, which may have a different layout. As the most suitable variant for the location of this equipment, a separate small room is considered, which is equipped with a well-equipped ventilation system. Here all kinds of combustion products will be collected. The floor and walls should be faced with refractory materials for special purposes, while the boiler itself should be located, removing it from the wall. It must be in an easily accessible place.

After the calculation of the heating system has been completed, you can start work. At the second stage, the circulating pump and the distribution manifold are installed , which is true if these components are provided by the scheme. The master brings the pipeline, and the pipeline must pass from the boiler equipment to the locations of the batteries. In order to build a structure through the wall, you need to make a small hole, which is then cemented. All connections must be made in accordance with the material that lies at the base of the pipes.

If you install a two-pipe heating system at home, then the next stage you need to connect radiators. Each device has a heating circuit, which assumes the presence of two pipes, namely, the bottom and top. In the first case, we are talking about an option in which a cooled coolant will be transported along the lower one, while on the lower side it will be hot. Batteries need to be installed under the windows, using special brackets. From the floor it is necessary to retreat 12 cm, and from the wall the distance should vary from 2 to 5 centimeters. At the outlet and the entrance, it is necessary to install a control and shut-off fittings, thermal sensors, with which you can adjust the temperature. After the two-pipe two-storey heating system has been installed, it is necessary to conduct crimping of the equipment.

Features of installation work

If the natural circulation of the heating medium is used to heat the private house, it is necessary to install the boiler below the pipe routing and in the places where the radiators are located. After the wall gas heating boilers are installed, it is necessary to connect to the expansion tank, which is located in the attic. From the side wall of the tank, from the lowest point of the tank, the pipe intended for the collector is lowered. If there is a circulation pump in the heating system, the collector can be positioned anywhere above the floor. If there is a natural circulation, then it is strengthened below the expansion tank. Return pipes are important to assemble in a single circuit, which is interfaced with heating boiler equipment. If a circulating pump is used in the heating system, it must be located in such a way that its connection is made to the reverse circuit. This is due to the fact that the pumps have all kinds of gaskets and cuffs, which are made of rubber. They are quite counter-indicative of high temperatures. In the expansion tank you need to weld another pipe, which is installed in the highest location. It is a drain, through it will drain the sewer surplus coming from the coolant.

Cost of materials

If you are installing a two-pipe heating system, you must first calculate the cost of all materials. Thus, for a house whose area is equal to 70 square meters, you will need to buy 6 radiators, as well as a wall-mounted dual-circuit boiler whose capacity is 11 kW. The pipes used will be made of polypropylene, and the cost of heating, together with materials and work, will be 75,000 rubles.

If we are talking about a more impressive area, which is limited to 100 square meters, then we need 8 radiators and a two-circuit boiler of wall type with a capacity of 24 kW. With two-pipe wiring the cost of materials and works will be equal to 100 000 rubles. For an area that is limited to 130 square meters, it will be necessary to have 12 batteries, a two-circuit boiler with a capacity of 24 kW, and pipes made of polypropylene. If you supplement the system with a warm floor, the price will be equal to 185 000 rubles.

For a house with an area of 180 square meters, you need 16 radiators, a wall-mounted single-circuit boiler with a capacity of 28 kW, and pipes for two-pipe wiring. The whole system, together with the material and installation services, will cost 250,000 rubles. The most impressive houses in the area, which are limited to 342 square meters, require the purchase of 28 radiators, a floor boiler with a capacity of 50 kW, and pipes. At the same time, the work and the purchase of material will cost 540,000 rubles.

Conclusion

Despite such an impressive cost of installation specialists for a two-pipe heating system and materials, it is still worthwhile to turn to professionals who will install and correctly launch the whole house heating system.