Power of energy-saving lamps (table). Comparison of energy saving lamps and incandescent lamps

Increasing the cost of electricity leads to the need to find ways to reduce its consumption. A significant part of it is spent on lighting, where the incandescent lamp predominated for a long time as a source of light. Now there are more economical light sources. Here the main indicator is the power of energy-saving lamps. The table of their comparison with conventional lamps is given in advertisements or in comparative characteristics.

The incandescent lamp consists of a sealed flask filled with an inert gas, with a tungsten helix inside. When an electric current passes through it, a glow is formed. Up to 90% of electricity here goes into heat. At the same time, it does not last long and has a small light power.

The light output and the color of the incandescent lamp were increased by adding halogen vapors to the inert gases. At the same time, its operation principle remained the same, and the power consumption decreased by 40%.

Fluorescent lamps

As an alternative light source has long been used fluorescent lamp (LL), the efficiency of which is 70%. It consists of a sealed glass tube filled with an inert gas and mercury vapor. Inside, a phosphor layer is applied to the glass surface, which starts to glow when the lamp is ignited from the ballast. In everyday life, the use of LL is not very convenient, as a result of which they were made more compact by placing a trigger device inside the cap. Due to this, the lamp can work together with standard cartridges. As a result, it can be installed instead of a conventional incandescent lamp without reworking the lamp, which is a virtue. It is important to correctly determine the voltage it is designed for.

A compact fluorescent lamp is called energy-saving (ESL) and it has become widely used.

Characteristics of energy-saving lamps

The efficiency of all types of lamps is estimated by the following indicators.

1. Power - the amount of electricity consumed within one hour, W.
2. Light efficiency - the amount of light per 1 spent watt, Lm / W. The power of the light flux of energy-saving lamps is 5 times greater than that of standard light sources.
3. Color rendering index - the level of correspondence between the apparent and natural colors of the illuminated body%.

Energy Saving Lamps: Types and Power

Fluorescent lamps at first were created without standards, because they were used primarily as light advertising, where each product was different from the others. Their use as lighting devices has led to the need for grouping by characteristics, so that it can be selected to the appropriate wiring or luminaire. The main properties of lamps can be determined by marking.

The first letter of domestic marking reflects the color: B - white, U - universal, D - day, C - improved color rendition, etc.

In the international marking, the color code is indicated, where the first digit reflects the color rendering index (for the house it should be equal to 8), and the other two - the color temperature in hundreds of degrees (827, 830, 836 for the house).

The plinths are designated E40 (for high-power lamps), E27 (standard), E14. (Smaller diameter - 14 mm). Energy-saving lamps E14 are designated with a 14 mm diameter socket.

For ESL, pin pins are often used: 2D, G23, 2G7, GU, etc.

Power is indicated in watts in front of the letter W. A power-saving 11w lamp with screw and pin bases is common.

ESL with a smooth switch is indicated by RS.

The voltage of the lamp is indicated in volts: 12 V, 126 V, 220 V.

The ESL labeling usually indicates all the main parameters. Some manufacturers may have a different layout, but it's easy to understand here.

LED lamp

Another new energy-saving lighting source was the LED lamp, which created a real breakthrough in energy efficiency. It allows to further reduce power consumption, as well as improve light output, increase the service life and improve fire safety. All these qualities are provided by the built-in matrix, which is a series of connected LEDs. The intensity of light depends on their quantity.

Comparison of energy saving lamps and incandescent lamps

Traditionally, the lamps are selected by power, but now it is more correct to evaluate them by the light flux, since the illumination of the room depends on it.

The consumer is accustomed to assess the illumination by the power of incandescent lamps. Therefore, it is convenient for him to estimate the power of energy-saving lamps (table) in equal illuminance created by different types of light sources.

The table clearly shows the dependence of the power consumption on the type of light source. It is obvious here that ESLs have significantly less power at the same brightness as the incandescent lamp. However, for different manufacturers, the brightness may differ significantly from the declared one. In addition, the amount of light depends on the volume of the bulb: the smaller it is, the lower the light flux. Choosing an ESL store, it should be evaluated according to the declared characteristic, the size of the bulb and make an amendment to increase the stock. In addition, it should be taken into account that the incandescent lamp creates uniform illumination in all directions, and the LED has a directional flow. If a diffuser is mounted on it, it takes some of the power.

Of no small importance is the spectrum of the lamp. With increasing brightness, the power consumption is reduced to create the same luminous flux.

Selection of ESL

Energy-saving lamps are selected according to the characteristics. The easiest way to assess the necessary power of energy-saving lamps. A comparison table with other types of lamps is available in any store. The power of ESL should be 5 times less than that of an incandescent lamp. For example, instead of a 100-watt standard lamp, an energy-saving lamp of 20 W can be used.

The light spectrum of all the bulbs should be the same tone. In the living rooms are preferred soft tones (warm glow).

The size and shape of the lamp depends, first of all, on the type of cartridge and the permissible dimensions of the luminaire. The cheapest bulbs are U-shaped, and spiral lamps are more expensive. Standard sizes are usually suitable for large chandelier or torch plafonds. For small lamp caps, compact energy-saving lamps E14 are selected.

Sometimes the new ESL blinks, which may be due to the presence of a backlight in the switch. Then you should remove the indicator from it or purchase an LED or halogen lamp. From a poor-quality product you need to immediately refuse, and buy a product of guaranteed quality, despite the higher price.

Dimmers

Adjusting the brightness of standard lamps is done by changing the power. When it decreases to the value of the PD (dimming threshold), the light turns off. For all types of lamps, except fluorescent, PD is close to zero and there are no problems with regulation of illumination.

Dimming ESL

For ESL, the combustion is maintained at a power not lower than 10% of the nominal value, but to start the dimmer it must be set to a level of at least 30%, and after switching on the lamp it can be reduced.

It is advisable to use brightness controllers on triacs, without rectifying the current, which makes it possible to save on the absence of power losses from the diode bridges. Despite this, the dimmer is an additional load. In addition, from "cold starts" fluorescent lamps quickly fail. The depth of dimming for ordinary lamps is very low, and to expand it and provide the necessary margin of safety, you should buy special expensive lamps that have a special electronic stuffing.

Dimmable LED bulbs

The LED lamp changes brightness depending on the amount of current passing. For it, there is an optimal mode, at which the light output is maximum. Here it is necessary to take into account that when the power varies, the shade of luminescence changes accordingly. To keep it the same, dimmable LED lamps and dimmers are used, which maintain a constant current amplitude with a change in the pulse current step. Naturally, this is reflected in the price increase.

Producers try to produce products that satisfy consumers' needs as much as possible. Philips has released models of lamps that normally work with conventional dimmers.

Conclusion

Energy-saving lamps with guaranteed quality correspond to the declared parameters and ensure the economy of electricity with proper operation. It is easy to choose the power of energy-saving lamps, the table of conformity of which to standard incandescent lamps is attached everywhere for comparison. To ensure the possibility of controlling the illumination of rooms, dimmable lamps and compatible brightness controls should be used .