Planning as a function of management.

Management is a function or element of organized systems (social, biological, technical, etc.), which provides a good mode of operation, preserving their structure, fulfilling the purpose of the activity and the program. The subject of management science are management relations, where social, economic, political interests and relations, methods and technologies of management are manifested. And the objects of management are branches (agriculture, industry); Aspects of economic activity (marketing, product quality); Territorial communities (district, region); Types of resources (human, financial); Stages of reproduction (marketing, supply); Characteristics of production (quality of life, efficiency).

Management also has its functions. There are only eleven of them. Initially, there is a goal-setting, then - analysis, then - forecasting, then - planning, followed by - organization, then - coordination, followed by motivation, further education, next function - accounting and control, then communication and, finally, decision making. All these functions are mutually complementary and closely related. But planning as the main function of management is of great importance.

It is known that management is a process of interrelated functions. And the main link in this chain is planning as a function of management. The plan is nothing more than an official document. It reflects the forecast of the future development of the organization, there are necessarily not only intermediate, but also the ultimate goals, as well as the goals that are before it or its individual units. The plan always reflects the mechanisms of coordination of all current activities, the strategy for the most unexpected cases.

Planning as a function of management - building an action plan in the future. With the help of it, the sequence and content of the steps are determined, which should lead to the intended goal, and the intended final results are established. Planning as a function of production management has its own essence, which manifests itself in a clear concretization of the objectives for the further development of the entire enterprise and each of its subdivisions for a separately established period, in the competent definition of tasks and possible means of achieving them, as well as the established terms and a clear sequence of organization. With the help of planning, labor, material and financial resources are identified, which will be needed to solve the tasks set.

One can say with certainty that planning as a function of management is the desire to take into account all external and internal factors, which provide all the favorable conditions for the normal development and functioning of enterprises belonging to a particular organization, as far as possible.

Planning as a function of management necessarily involves the development of a whole set of activities, which determines a clear sequence of achievement of the set goals.

There are several types of planning. The first is from the achieved level. This method is not intended to target the collective of the firm to find reserves, with the help of which it would be possible to increase the efficiency of production. That is, as everything is now, so let it be next year.

The second type of planning is called optimal. It seeks to achieve higher outcomes. This method is more progressive. And the third kind is adaptive planning. It allows more flexible response to various changes in the external environment. That is, they can be taken into account in the planning process and more efficiently adapt to them.