Outdoor wiring in a wooden house: installation, wires and materials

For the construction of a country house the main material is often chosen wood. In addition to her numerous positive qualities, she has one drawback. It is a highly flammable material. In half of all cases of fire, the culprit is electricity.

была безопасной, ее необходимо монтировать в соответствии со всеми правилами и требованиями. For outdoor wiring to be safe, it must be installed in accordance with all rules and requirements. In the question will help to understand the advice of professional electricians. In this case, you can do all the work yourself.

Stages of installation

, необходимо рассмотреть все этапы процесса. Studying how to make outdoor wiring , you need to consider all the stages of the process. If the owners of the house want to do all the work themselves, it is necessary to study all the details and details of such installation.

The initial stage of conducting outdoor cables is the design of the project. On the plan it is necessary to indicate all the elements of equipment and communications, as well as their location. The total power of the network is calculated.

Next, you need to select the correct cable. To do this, consider the total capacity of the system. Also, you should choose other electrical equipment, components for installation. After this, the input of the supply to the house, the connection of the circuit breaker, the installation of the switchboard and the meter are made.

The cable is laid along the established route, its layout is done by points. Lamps are connected, their switches, sockets. Further, earthing and RCD must be installed. Then you can test the system.

Design

требует правильного проектирования. Outdoor wiring in a wooden house requires proper design. For this, it is necessary to draw a plan of the structure with the appropriate dimensions. Further it is necessary to put on it all lighting fixtures, points of powering and switching off. In this case, their maximum power is indicated.

Connecting yard lighting is carried out on a separate circuit breaker. When the owners leave, it will be possible to leave light on the site, turning it off at home.

Choosing a method of laying communications, methods of installing switches, lamps, dimmers, etc. After this, it is necessary to calculate their total power. In almost all cases, the outer type of cable laying is chosen for a wooden house. This is the safest way. If necessary, you can consult a professional electrician.

Cable selection

The cable for external wiring must be copper. The cross-section is selected in accordance with the previously calculated total capacity. The brand of conductors can be NYM or VVGng. The second option will be cheaper, but the first variant is preferable. This is due to the additional layer of insulation that the NYM cable has. It is also convenient to cut it. обеспечивает высокую степень защиты материалов от возгорания или пробития. Experts agree that this cable for outdoor wiring provides a high degree of protection of materials from fire or penetration.

Aluminum wires are cheap. However, its cross section will be much larger than that of copper varieties. Aluminum is considered to be a brittle material. If the conductor is bent, it can be damaged or broken. Therefore, it is better not to use it for outdoor wiring.

The cable must have three cores. Two of them are assigned for "phase" and "zero", and the third is grounding. Many owners of suburban real estate neglect this advice. But in this case the security level will be lower. If powerful floodlights are used to illuminate the site, no grounding will be possible.

Leading the wire to the house

требует правильно выбрать способ подведения проводника к постройке. The external wiring requires the correct choice of the way of conducting the conductor to the building. There are two options. Communications from the power line can be brought to the house by air or by underground.

In the first version, the work will be done quickly. The costs of providing communications in this case will also be minimal. The cable must be self-supporting. It has a different cross-section. The number of his veins also differs. This method allows you to create a wiring less durable. The appearance of the network will be less aesthetic.

If the owners decide to create an underground wiring, it will be necessary to pay more attention to this issue. The process will be time consuming and more expensive than the previous version. But this posting will not spoil the general view of the site, it will be safe and durable. For these purposes, use a power wire with a copper core. It will pass into the trench through a channel of special protective material.

Connection to the dashboard

After connecting the wire to the house, it must be connected to a special shield. It can be located on the street or inside the house. In the second variant, the cable is guided into the building through a metal tube.

позволяет принимать и распределять между всеми потребителями поступающее электричество. The installation box for outdoor wiring allows you to receive and distribute incoming electricity between all consumers. If the house is large, you can bring the communication to a special shield. It will contain circuit breakers.

The shield or the junction box should be in an easily accessible, protected from extraneous place. This appliance is not installed in wet rooms. If the owners want to install a shield on the street, it is necessary to think about its quality protection against precipitation, unauthorized penetration. Preferably install the flap indoors.

Switches and Automata

Special equipment is installed in the switchboard. They will automatically turn off the power to the group of electrical consumers in the event of an emergency. должен немного превышать по номинальной нагрузке суммарное значение группы потребителей. Each switch for outdoor wiring should slightly exceed the nominal value of the group of consumers. In this case, when all devices are turned on, the circuit breaker will not de-energize the line at the same time.

If the network in the cottage is three-phase, it is necessary to choose equipment with the appropriate characteristics. For single-phase wiring, a single-pole or two-pole circuit breaker is purchased.

Switches are installed after the counter. The equipment must be of high quality. You should give preference to well-known brands. In this case, you can expect high safety of the equipment.

Vintage Posting

In a private house or suburban building, it is interesting to look at this variant of laying cables, like retro-wiring. In the old days, this method was used in almost all electrified houses. The cores of the cable twisted together. . Ceramic insulators were used for their connection.

Now, such wiring can be arranged in your own home to create a specific decorative effect. This adds a cosiness to the building. Today, to create this type of communication, special cables are on sale. They can be covered with fabric, paper or other decorative materials. However, special fire-resistant materials must be used under them.

To create such a decorative effect, insulators for external wiring are also on sale . You can connect this system yourself.

Choice of materials

To make a retro-posting, you need to select the appropriate materials. There are two main types of connection according to the presented method. The first involves the use of special ceramic insulators. The wire is twisted and connected to such rollers. The second option involves the purchase of special wires ready for connection.

In specialized stores you can buy all the necessary materials. Here you can buy insulators or rollers, junction boxes and wire. To reduce the cost of mounting, you can give preference to the products of domestic brands.

Vintage materials for outdoor wiring by Gusev are popular today. Also you can buy products of foreign manufacturers "Salvador", "Bironi", "Vilaris". They are also recognized as reliable and quality.

Creating Retro Entries

в винтажном стиле выполняется просто. Installation of outdoor wiring in a vintage style is easy. First, several single-core wires must be connected to one bundle. If there is no ground in the house, and powerful electrical appliances will not be connected to the network, you can connect the cable from two cores. If there is ground, three wires are required.

On the wall should be installed insulators. For this you can use a drill. Some models provide installation with glue. Before connecting the contacts to the rollers (insulators), a heat-shrinkable protective element must be connected to them. This tube must match the color of the cable. In this case, the strength of the installation will be higher.

If you are already purchasing bundles ready for connection, you need to make sure that all the components have been completed in accordance with all established standards. The wire must have a non-flammable insulation, not be able to emit smoke when heated.

Bookmark the wire in channels

может выполняться при помощи специальных декоративных коробов. External wiring in the wooden house can be carried out with the help of special decorative boxes. With the help of these products you can hide unseemly communications.

Channels are made of special material. It prevents the formation of ignition. The color of the box can be very diverse. This allows you to pick up products identical to the finish tone. The box is used for walls with an even surface. For structures from the beam this technique is not suitable.

Protective channels can simply close the already laid cable. However, you can lay the conductor in special skirting boards. In this case, the cable is first put into protective material, and then the entire system is installed in the space reserved for it. This technique is suitable for almost any type of interior. The channels should be imperceptible, merge with the shade of wood.

Switches and Illuminators

предполагает подключение розеток, выключателей и осветительных приборов на специальных металлических площадках. External wiring involves the connection of outlets, switches and lighting devices on special metal platforms. This reduces the likelihood of a fire in the event of a short circuit.

After all the wires have been connected to the corresponding points of the supply, metal pads should be mounted. They install external sockets, switches. Lamps should be protected from moisture, have appropriate ceiling lamps.

After connecting all the elements of the system, you can perform the test. First, you can measure the resistance in the network using a multimeter. If all the values correspond to the norm, you can turn on the electric current. When determining the serviceability of all elements of the circuit, it is possible to fully operate the system.

каждый владелец собственного дома сможет произвести подобную процедуру самостоятельно. Having considered how the external wiring is connected , each owner of his own house will be able to perform such a procedure on his own.