Name the longest mountains in the world. Length of the Caucasus and the Ural Mountains

The time of formation of mountains is estimated in millions of years. Their occurrence is due to the collision of tectonic plates that formed the earth's crust.

Andean Cordilleras

Name the longest mountains in the world, you can do it? You, without hesitation, probably remember the Andes. They are located in South America. Their name from the Inca language is translated as "copper mountains". Equal to them on our planet there.

For those who do not know what the longest mountains in the world, it is worth saying that the length of the Andean Cordillera is an unprecedented magnitude. It is equal to nine thousand kilometers.

Its beginning is this long mountain range rises from the Caribbean Sea. At the same time it reaches the Tierra del Fuego.

The highest peak of the Copper Mountains

The process of forming the Andean Koldillers continues at the present time. Sometimes the mountain chain makes itself felt by eruptions of volcanoes. Quite often there are earthquakes. The formation process is completed by raising the rocks.

The huge folds, consisting of a stone, rise to impressive heights.
The highest peak of the Andean Cordillera is Mount Aconcagau. Its maximum mark is 6962 m.

Main Characteristics of the Andean Cordillera

If you are asked a question: "Name the longest mountains in the world and describe them," then it's worth mentioning another parameter. The maximum width of the chain of these unique ridges is seven hundred and fifty kilometers. This value was recorded in the Andean highlands in the Central Andes. There are places where the width of Copper Mountain is five hundred kilometers.

But the large area of the Andijski Koldirier is occupied by a plateau. It is called Pune. The height of the mountain massif here averages about four kilometers.
According to experts, Copper Mountain is a relatively young formation. The process of its formation was completed about several million years ago. Fossils began to form in the Precambrian, as well as in the Paleozoic period. It was then that the land of the vast ocean began to appear. And for a long period the area where the Andes are now located was then a sea, then a piece of land.

The longest ridge in the world at the same time serves as a very large watershed between the oceans. In Copper Mountain lies the source of the famous Amazon River. In the same place, its tributaries also originate. The Andean Cordillera is the beginning of many major rivers of the South American continent, which flow through Paraguay, Orinoco and the State of Paraná.

Climatic conditions

If your task will be concluded in the question: "Name the longest mountains in the world and the temperature belts in which they are", then it is worth mentioning their isolating purpose. For the mainland, the Andean Colladiers serve as a climatic barrier. The fact is that they perfectly isolate the land from the influence of the Atlantic from the west. Protect the ridges of the continent and from the Pacific Ocean from the east.

Taking into account the length of the mountain range, it is not at all surprising that the Andes are located not in one climatic zone. It is a subtropical temperate and southern tropical, equatorial, and also southern and northern subequatorial. The mountain range stretches through all six of the above climatic zones. In this connection, the existing landscape is radically different in different parts of the chain of ridges. The difference in it is also observed due to the precipitation of different amounts of precipitation. If this value is up to ten thousand millimeters on the western slopes, then on the southern slopes it is much less.

Dividing by relief

If you need to answer the question: "Name the longest mountains in the world and their main components," then you should describe the regions to which the Andean Cordilleras divide. The central, southern and northern Andes are distinguished by relief. Each region has its own ridges. The North includes the Caribbean, Ecuadorian, as well as the North-West Andes. The main mountains are divided by the valleys of two rivers - Magdalena and Cauca. In these zones there is a large number of volcanoes. One of them is Uila. Its height is 5750 m. But the Ruiz volcano reached a mark of 5400 meters.

In the Ecuadorian Andes there is a whole chain of high volcanoes. The most notable giant is Chimborazo. Its highest mark is 6267 m. Slightly lower than its Cotopaxi (5896 m). This mountain chain passes through the territory of seven states, located on the South American continent. Among them, Colombia and Ecuador, Venezuela and Bolivia, Peru and Chile, as well as Argentina. The highest point of the Andes is at around 6769 m. It belongs to Mount Huaskaran.

On the Chilean-Argentine and Patagonian are divided South Andes. The highest peak of this part is Tupungato. It rises to 6800 m. Slightly lower Mount Medsario. Its height is 6770 m.

Picturesque slopes

If you are asked: "Name the longest mountains in the world and describe this unique place," then you should talk about the extraordinary beauty of the chain of ridges. And this mountain system in each state has its own zest. Thus, in the Andes of Venezuela, shrubs and deciduous forests grow on red soils. Another landscape boasts slopes from the central to the north-western part of the mountain range. They are covered with equatorial and tropical forests. Here you can find bananas and fig trees, cocoa tree and palms, lianas and bamboos. There are also areas of the Andean Cordilleras, which are covered with lifeless stony spaces or moss bogs. And everything that is above four and a half kilometers is snow and eternal ice.

Animal world

Andes are distinguished by a great variety of fauna. They are the habitat of alpacas and llamas, deer pood and tench-tailed monkeys. Here you can see relic spectacle bear, sloths, blue foxes, chinchillas and hummingbirds. In other words, those representatives of the animal world, which in Russia are found only in the zoo.

Andes are considered the habitat of more than nine hundred species of amphibians, six hundred species of mammals and two thousand species of birds. A large variety of fish (about 400 species) are distinguished by local rivers.

The Ural Mountains

What are the longest mountains in Russia? The Urals. This mountain system stretches between the West Siberian and East European plains. The length of the Ural Mountains is almost 2000, and with Mugodzhary and Nai-Khoi - 2,600 km.

What are the longest mountains in Russia that have parameters in width? The minimum is 40 km. In some places the width of the mountain massif reaches 150 km.

History of occurrence

The formation of the Ural ranges occurred in the late Paleozoic period. This was an era of intense mountain building. The very formation of the massif began about three hundred and fifty million years ago. It was the late Devonian. The process was completed almost two hundred million years ago.

Deformed, and often metamorphosed rocks of the mountain type rise above the surface in the Urals. They are attributed to the Paleozoic era.

Geographical areas

The Ural Massif is conditionally divided into five parts. Highlights the South and Middle. There are the Northern and Subpolar, as well as Polar.

The most extensive part of the mountain range is the Southern Urals. Its eastern slopes are covered with forest-steppe and a large number of lakes. The landscape of the western side of the south of the mountain chain is a steppe. A little to the north of it is replaced by forests.
The Middle Urals is the lowest and narrowest part of the mountain range. The slopes of the mountains in this area are covered with coniferous forests.

The North Urals is more severe climate . The slopes of the mountains in this zone are covered with forests, in which there are many berries and mushrooms.

The highest area is the Subpolar Urals. In its central part is the summit of Narodnaya. It rises to 1894 m. A little lower than it, also in the Subpolar Urals, is the mountain of Karpinsky. Its height is 1876 m.

In the tundra zone, the Polar Urals is located. In this area of the mountain massif, its height and width decrease. The polar Ural is characterized by a harsh climate. The duration of the summer period in this area is small - only a month (from mid-July to mid-August).

Caucasus Mountains

This array is divided into two systems. They include the Great, as well as the Lesser Caucasus. The mountain system between the Azov, Black and Caspian Seas extends.
If you are asked the question: "Call the longest mountains located in the south of Russia," then you should not hesitate to call the Caucasus mountains. Their formation was completed in the Tertiary period.

How long is the Caucasus Mountains? The Great Caucasus extends for more than a thousand hundred kilometers. This is a picturesque place, rich in diverse flora and fauna.

In the mountains of the Caucasus you can meet wild boars, chamois and golden eagles. The massif is the habitat of a rare Caucasian leopard.