Mandatory schedule of vaccinations for children under 3 years

With the passage of time and the development of medicine, scientists began to create special vaccines against this or that disease. Having vaccinated, you can not be afraid to pick up a pretty serious illness. It is worth noting that vaccination in Russia is carried out voluntarily, but many doctors insist on vaccinations and convince people that they are needed.

There is a certain schedule of vaccinations for children under 3 years. In the absence of vaccination, many babies are not taken to kindergartens and other pre-school institutions. That is why it is so important to know what vaccinations are necessary for children. The schedule (Russia) establishes the definite terms of vaccination. It is about them that will be discussed in this article.

Vaccination or vaccine

A special injection is called a vaccination. The substance that is contained in the vaccine consists of a small number of bacteria or microorganisms. With their help, the human body is infected. With the introduction of the vaccine, the disease progresses imperceptibly and stable immunity forms. Some vaccinations begin to work after the first administration of the substance, while others become effective only after multiple vaccinations.

Vaccination of children

In our country there is a certain schedule of vaccinations for children under 3 years and after. Why is there such a division in ages?

All major vaccines are injected into the baby's body in the first 36 months of life. During this period, the disease is virtually asymptomatic and does not entail negative consequences.

Conditions for vaccination

Conditions and schedule of mandatory vaccinations for children suggests that the vaccine should be administered only to an absolutely healthy baby. If a child has had a catarrhal, viral or any other disease, it is necessary to wait at least two weeks after full recovery. Only after this it is possible to get a pediatrician's permission and put an inoculation.

Vaccine exemption

In some cases, an individual vaccination schedule for children can be selected. Such a desire can be expressed by the parent or recommended by a specialist. For various birth injuries, the timing of vaccination is often postponed. Vaccination can be postponed indefinitely. In this case, a child is given a certificate that explains the reason for the release. It is worth noting that in this case the baby must be taken to a preschool institution, since the refusal of vaccination happened on the recommendation of the doctor.

Also, the schedule of vaccinations for children under 3 does not apply to seriously ill babies. When disability is received (temporary or permanent), the vaccination is postponed indefinitely.

Duration of vaccination

The schedule of vaccinations for children under 3 years consists of several vaccines. The introduction of a substance is set for certain periods. If you are to become parents in the near future, you should know the vaccination schedule before 3 years.

Vaccination in the maternity hospital

The very first vaccinations the child receives immediately after birth. The first vaccine is called "Against Viral Hepatitis B". Put it in the thigh of the baby. There are usually no reactions to this vaccine. However, it is worth noting that the medical staff is very at risk, performing this manipulation at such an early age. In the first hours of life, the child has not been sufficiently examined and one can not really say anything about the health of his nervous system. In the case of pathology, this vaccine may have complications.

The schedule of vaccinations for newborn babies indicates that the second vaccine is administered to the baby at the age of 5-7 days. During this time the crumb has already inspected all the necessary specialists. It is worth recalling that this vaccination is recommended for use only after consulting a neurologist and performing ultrasound diagnosis of the baby's head. The drug is injected into the forearm of the child's left arm. This vaccine is the only one that leaves a trace for the rest of your life.

The first inoculations in the polyclinic

The vaccination schedule for newborns includes a second vaccine against hepatitis B virus. It should be noted that the administration of the substance should be carried out only one month after the first vaccination. If the woman refused the previous vaccination for the baby, the second vaccination is postponed until the right time.

This vaccine is inserted into the baby's leg. In this case, the doctor compresses the skin with two fingers to reduce the pain effect. There are usually no reactions to this vaccine. However, before the vaccination, the baby should be absolutely healthy.

Inoculations in 3 months

The schedule of vaccinations for children says that the next vaccination is carried out exactly at three months of the child's life. In this case, an obligatory condition is the absence of contraindications and a break between the administration of the drug for at least 45 days.

DTP is one of the most frightening inoculations. It contains a vaccine against pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. Often before the introduction of the vaccination, the doctor recommends giving the baby an antihistamine. In most cases the syrup "Fenistil" is prescribed. Also, with complications, the medicine "Dimedrol" can be used. The vaccine is injected into the thigh of the baby. After this, the child can not bathe in a hot bath for three days. The reaction to this vaccine is quite often. That's why mothers are so afraid of this vaccine and try to postpone it for an indefinite period.

The poliovirus vaccine is administered concomitantly with DPT. In this case, the second leg should be used for the injection. Do not mix drugs in one flask and inject them simultaneously. There are usually no reactions to this vaccine. Children carry it quite easily at such a small age.

Repeated vaccine: DTP and poliomyelitis

The first revaccination for these diseases is carried out at 4.5 months. At the same time, the first administration should not take less than 45 days. Conditions for the administration of the drug are the same as in the first case.

If the child had a reaction to the first vaccine, then the second vaccine should be prepared. Immediately after the administration of the substance, it is necessary to offer the baby an analgesic and antipyretic agent, as well as antihistamine drops. Be sure to tell your doctor about a possible reaction of the child's body.

Inoculation in half a year

At this stage, hepatitis is administered to children. The schedule also provides for vaccination against poliomyelitis, pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus. All these vaccinations can be done simultaneously.

It should be noted that in six months the child is not given a dead polio vaccine. This time the body will have to cope with live bacteria that are taken orally. After such an inoculation, it is impossible to feed and water the baby for half an hour.

The first year of life

When the baby has reached the age of one year, he is vaccinated against measles, rubella and mumps. The substance is injected with a puncture under the shoulder blade or into the baby's leg. It is worth noting that different medical institutions can use their own preferences when introducing this vaccine.

The reaction to this inoculation is very rare. It is expressed by the rise in temperature and the appearance of an allergic rash.

A year and a half: DTP and polio

As you already understood, these two vaccines "keep pace." Almost always they are entered simultaneously. Exceptions are only those cases when an individual schedule was chosen.

The reaction to these substances is often the same as in the previous times.

Two years

At this age, the last vaccine is introduced. Next, according to the table "Vaccinations for children after the year (schedule)", will be introduced only in 6 years.

At this age, the child is being revaccinated from poliomyelitis. Most often it's a drop, not an injection.

Conclusion

Now you know at what time an inoculation against hepatitis is given to children. The schedule also describes other important vaccines. Ask the district pediatrician to give you a form with all the vaccinations described and the deadlines set.

If you want to protect your baby from insidious and serious diseases, then make him all the necessary vaccinations. Consult your pediatrician and choose the most appropriate time for this procedure. Remember that during the vaccination period the baby should be completely healthy and not in contact with the sick. If there are people in the family who are infected with a viral infection, then it is worthwhile to postpone the vaccination, since after it immunity is significantly reduced and the child may become infected.