List of federal routes of Russia in 2015: designations and directions

In modern society, the state of roads in the country can determine its economic level of development. Unfortunately, in Russia in this sense, everything is not all right, but the main thing is that the work to eliminate the off-road, albeit slowly, is underway.

The list of federal roads in Russia 2015 includes roads that connect the capital with neighboring states and regions of the country.

Separation of roads by class

Depending on the fact that connect the roads, they are either federal or common use. Federal are:

• Trails laid between administrative centers (denoted by letter P).
• Roads connecting the federal routes between each other (they have the A badge).
• Entrances leading to large transport connections and objects of federal significance.

In the latest edition of the list of roads, all the routes coming from Moscow in any direction are called the "M". As for the routes that make up the international transport networks, those located on the European side have received the designation E, and on the Asian side - the AN.

In addition to the letter, the number of the road is indicated, which is always put after the letter designation. The list of federal routes of Russia 2015 includes all categories of roads. For example, only in the direction from Moscow there are more than 20 autobahns, 10 of which lead to the borders of such states as Ukraine, Latvia, Estonia, Belarus, Finland, Azerbaijan and Mongolia.

All federal roads are serviced, constructed and repaired from the budget of either the federation or individuals or legal entities with which the relevant agreement was signed.

Road M1

The route M1, named in the register of roads of Russia as "Belarus", stretches from Moscow to the border with this country. In addition to the fact that this road unites two neighboring states, it is part of the international European route E 30 and the Asian route under the number AN 6.

Drivers traveling along this road cross the Moscow region, not reaching Odintsovo 4 km, then, past Kubinka and Mozhaisk, they fall into the Smolensk region. The trip is carried out not far from such cities as Gagarin, Vyazma, Safonovo, Yartsevo, and on the bypass road near Smolensk directly to the border of Belarus.

The M1 is well equipped for a safe and comfortable journey. The top quality road surface, and 4 lanes allow drivers to choose at what speed to go. To have a rest, to put in order the car and itself, to refuel or buy products it is possible in the gas stations located on a line, motels and cafe.

Facilities providing food are located approximately every 45 km. Among other federal roads this route leads in quality of road surface, and a decent rest can be obtained in hotels located in the immediate vicinity of the center of Smolensk.

They can not just take a shower and sleep, but also usefully spend time in the sauna or pool or eat at the restaurant of homemade food, as, for example, in the hotel "Usadba", hotels "Wheel", "Chaplin" and others.

During the route along the M1 it is possible to visit such sights as the ancient Russian town of Mozhaisk, the chapel of the icon of the Mother of God, located near the healing spring, a monument to soldiers who died in the Patriotic War of 1812. The cities of Vyazma and Smolensk with their temples and monuments of Russian architecture are themselves Are a historical attraction.

The length of this route is almost 450 km.

Track М 11

Previously, the M11 road was called the Tallinn Highway. Now the new route name "Narva" from St. Petersburg through Ivangorod, to the border with Estonia, has the designation A 180.

It is part of the European way E20, according to which Russians are accustomed to make trips to the weekend to Estonia. The length of the road is 142 km, and it passes in a picturesque wooded area. On the way of travelers there are two water obstacles in the form of Narva and Meadow, through which bridges with carrying capacity from 60 to 80 tons are thrown.

It is considered dangerous to turn on 57 km of the road, which caused many accidents. Unfortunately, this road has areas with poor asphalt surface, which should be taken into account when traveling on it at night or on foggy days.

The route crosses Krasnoye Selo, Kingisepp (detour 3 km from the city) and Ivangorod.

The M11 is a freeway between Moscow and St. Petersburg. The controversial issue on this path is a paid site to Solnechnogorsk. Because of too high tariffs, which can depend not only on the vehicle itself, but also on the time of day, it is almost empty.

The decision to build a high-quality toll road to unload the eternal traffic jams on the Leningrad direction, failed, since a trip of 1000 r. 90% of motorists can not afford without fuel consumption. Expensive, poor service and lack of quality lighting made this route unclaimed.

At the end of 2015, the question arose that tariffs on the M11 road were illegally inflated. This gives hope that an optimal solution will be found and the amounts will be reviewed. In this case, drivers will leave the free road with permanent traffic jams, but this will happen after the path has been fully lit, and the gas stations and cafes will start working.

The Don

The list of federal routes in Russia in 2015 includes many ways with a length of more than 1000 km. M4 is one of them. It originates in Lipetskaya Street in the capital and stretches almost 1,544 km to Novorossiysk.

The road's history began in the middle of the 20th century, but its name ("Don") was acquired only in 1991, after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Today it passes through:

• Moscow region, and up to Vidnoye has 8 lanes, whereas after it up to 71 km the M4 "Don" road narrows to 6 lanes (up to Saygatova). The next section - up to 110 km - has 4 divisions.
• In the Tula region, the track has 4 lanes, which were repaired all the way to Efremov and Bogoroditsk. Between these two settlements the road is in poor condition, but a toll road gives drivers the option of either paying for comfort or "killing" a car on a free stretch.
• In the Lipetsk region, a 4-lane road of high quality, with two paid sections is a detour of the cities Yelets, Yarkin, Zadonsk and Khlevny.
• Throughout the Voronezh region, the M4 Don route has a medium or low level of asphalt coverage. Of the 4 bands, only two are working in connection with the repair work. Part of the road became tolled - this is the bypass road of Voronezh and from 544 to 633 km.
• A 4-lane road of good quality passes through the Rostov region to Kamensk-Shakhtinsk. This is followed by a section with a continuous double stripe, which has a category of increased risk. The bridge across the Don was redecorated in July 2015. There are either security lines or dividers between the sides of the road. From the Bataysk post to the entrance to the Krasnodar Territory, the coverage is excellent, but this is the most dangerous part of the road, since there are no separators. To date, work is underway to expand the route and install a separation fence.
• The route along the Krasnodar Krai is complicated by dangerous sections of the route where construction work is being carried out. One should be cautious after the passage of the Berezanskaya stanitsa, as on this site there are sharp turns for the detour of road vehicles with only 1 active strip on each side.
• In the territory of the Adyghe republic, the quality of the Don route is excellent, without dangerous sections.
• From the Saratov stanitsa of the Krasnodar region and to Novorossiysk there are many dangerous sections connected with road works.

The service is well developed throughout the entire route, but in summer, places in hotels and motels should be booked in advance. Problems to replenish the fuel and food reserves are not due to the numerous gas stations and mini-markets near them, as well as cafes and fast food outlets.

The route "Ural"

Among the roads included in the list of federal highways of Russia 2015, the busiest large-sized trucks are the Ural. Since this 1879 km long road forms part of the European route E 30 and the Asian A6 and runs through the industrial regions of the country, the most dense car flow is recorded on it.

For the first time the route from Moscow to Ryazan was opened in the 1930s, when the automobile industry was just beginning its development in the USSR. In 1947, it was stretched to Kuibyshev, and in 1965 the movement to Chelyabinsk was opened.

Most of the route M5 "Ural" has one strip, only to the village of Dobry Sot on 2 or more lanes on each side. In the early 2000s, several high-speed sections were introduced, for example between the Gorodische and Lower Eluzanya, between Togliatti and Krasny Yar and others.

The federal road "Ural" passes through such areas:

• In Moscow she captures the Lyubertsy, travels to Bronnitsy and Kolomna, crosses the rivers Moscow and Oka. The quality of the coating is excellent.
• Next - Ryazan region, along which the road rides Ryazan, passes by Rybnoye, Shilovo and Shatsk (it can be bypassed on a new bypass road). On the way, the drivers meet bridges across Pronyu and Tsnu, as well as recently constructed overpasses through railway branches, which previously had barriers that collected a line of cars for many kilometers.
• The next stage of the journey is Mordovia. The only drawback of the road is its small width.
• In the Penza region the road captures the settlements of Mokshan, Ramsay and a "piece" of Penza.
• The next part of the way is the Ulyanovsk and Samara regions, where the autobahn intersects Zhigulevsk, then turns towards the Orenburg region and Tatarstan.
• In the east, the M5 "Ural" highway passes Bashkortostan, where on its way two rivers meet - Dema and Belaya.
• Further advancement of the path goes along the Chelyabinsk region and ends in the city of the same name.

If you travel from Moscow to the final point of the route, then the passengers are expected to change the terrain from the wooded plain to the mountainous part, the highest point of which is 830 m, is the Urenga Pass. In winter, it is often closed due to snowdrifts.

To date, the track continues to evolve, it is constantly updated, for example, in 2013, a new bridge across the Belaya River was opened. The most dangerous part of the route "Ural" is the path not far from the settlements of Sima and Ust-Katav, on which, according to the State traffic inspectorate, up to 50 people die each year.

Road M13

The federal highway M13 is a link between Bryansk, its region, Gomel and Brest. Its length is only 221 km, and the new designation is A240.

This road passes through a picturesque hilly terrain, covered with forests, and has steep hills and slopes, dangerous turns and areas with reduced visibility. The road is equipped with everything necessary to ensure that even with such a short length of motorists the way was comfortable.

On the way, drivers will meet 5 filling stations, 3 camping sites, 3 service stations, 2 ambulance stations and 5 traffic police stations (10, 77, 130, 164 and 193 km).

The road takes its origin in Bryansk, and after crossing the Belarusian border is directed to Gomel. On the way, travelers can get acquainted with such sights:

• The house of AK Tolstoy's Museum in the Red Horn, where he was born and was buried.
• In the city of Pogar you can visit the famous tobacco factory, where cigars are made.
• You can get acquainted with the leather products at the tannery in the small town of Klintsy.

The road M13 has a high quality asphalt-concrete covering all the way.

Trails M 10 and M 9

The federal road, originating in Moscow and known today as the M10 "Russia" route, has a continuation under the name "Scandinavia".

The "Russian" part of the road is the road connecting Moscow with Tver, Veliky Novgorod and St. Petersburg. Part of Scandinavia starts from St. Petersburg to Vyborg and the Finnish border.

This is one of the oldest roads in Russia, built by order of Peter the Great to connect Moscow with the new capital by a single tract equipped with points for changing horses (pits), where you could spend the night, eat or wait out the bad weather.

Another plus of the construction of the old road was its positive impact on the development of the economy of the cities through which it passed. As well as today the route runs through 65 cities and towns, it can not be called high-speed because of the current speed limits within the settlement.

The route M10 "Scandinavia" goes to Vyborg, to the border with Finland. Through the entire route from Moscow are numerous motels, the cost of living in which for a day ranges from 600 to 1700 rubles. There is also no shortage of filling stations and service stations.

The most dangerous sites on this route are places where there are no separators, and an unequipped roadside is dangerous, especially in ice or rain.

The route M9 "Baltija" originates from Moscow, goes to Volokolamsk and further to the border with Latvia. Being part of the international route E22, it is heavily loaded with trucks traveling from Europe to Latvia.

Along the way, drivers cross rivers such as Istra, Vazuza, Mezha, Zapadnaya Dvina and others. Excellent quality of the coating can be traced on the whole 610 km path. With the exception of a small part of the road in the Tver region, the entire route is considered safe, allowing speeds of up to 140-150 km / h.

The route of the route "Baltia" passes through the Moscow, Tver and Pskov regions. In 2007 and 2015 years. The road was undergoing reconstruction, and the renovation work will continue.

Trails M6, M7 and M8

The federal highway M6 "Caspian" has a length of 1,831 km and is part of the European (E119) and Asian (AAN8) routes from Moscow through Tambov and Volgograd to Astrakhan. The designation with the letter "M" will be valid until December 31, 2017, after which it will be renamed into the federal road P22, which united several administrative centers of Russia.

At one time, at the dawn of the Russian state, in the same direction, the Nogai route was the most important for the economic and commercial growth of the country.

The construction of the modern route "Caspian" began back in 1952 from a double-sided canvas with a hard coating of the second category. 4 sections were equipped on the section from the capital to Kashira. The construction itself was carried out in stages. The first was the road from Moscow to Tambov, then a part was built up to Volgograd.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, this road was joined by a road from Volgograd to Astrakhan, assigned the number M6 and the name "Caspian".

Part of the route has a double continuous strip, which greatly inhibits movement, especially in the fall. Because of the large flow of trucks, which are striving to overtake the impatient drivers of cars, during this period, "frontal" collisions often occur.

A feature of this route is a complete lack of travel through the settlements.

The route M7 "Volga" stretches from Moscow through Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod and Kazan to Ufa at 1342 km. The road crosses the Moscow, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod regions, as well as Chuvashia, Tatarstan and Bashkortostan.

The state of the road is greatly affected by the increased humidity of the Meshchersky bogs, past which it passes. This route, on the contrary, is distinguished by a large number of traffic lights in numerous settlements through which it is laid. Currently, repair and construction work is being carried out on various sections of the road, therefore, one should be on the alert because of two narrow stripes and a small curb where it is difficult to maneuver.

The federal route M8 "Kholmogory" connects Moscow, Yaroslavl, Vologda and Arkhangelsk. The length of the road is 1271 km, which gives travelers more sights than any other way.

The route "Kholmogory" is laid through the Moscow, Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Vologda and Arkhangelsk regions, where each of the settlements on the way is an object of architectural and historical sights.

In general, the state of the route is good, but there is congestion due to heavy traffic. The weak link is the road on the section from Velsk to Arkhangelsk.

Tracks M2 and M3

To everyone who goes to rest in the summer to the sea, the route M2 "Crimea" is well known. On the way from Moscow travelers travel to Tula, Orel, Kursk and Belgorod. Further follows the state border of Ukraine, after which the road appears as M20 to the city of Kharkov and M18 further, through Zaporozhye and Simferopol to Yalta.

For the first time the route "Crimea" was introduced in 1950 and stretches for 720 km, although its history goes back centuries. Once it was the famous Crimean shlyakh, and the way from the capital to Kharkov was built in the middle of the 19th century.

Large construction work was carried out from the late 70s to the late 80s of the last century. After the collapse of the USSR and the division of the road into two sections in neighboring states, the flow of tourists declined and its importance decreased. High-quality road surface and good service along the way leave a good impression on it even in the summer busy period.

The route M3 "Ukraine" leads from Moscow through Kaluga and Bryansk to the border with Ukraine. The length of the route is 500 km, commissioned in 1976.

A speed limit of up to 90 km / h is indicated for this road, except for the sections when it passes through the settlements. In the plans to improve Russian roads, this route was introduced for a complete reconstruction, and the section from 37 to 173 km will be paid.

The road in many places, for example from Obninsk to Bryansk, is in a sorry state, so you should be more careful. Along the way, there are many water obstacles (Nara, Ugra, Oka, Snezhet, etc.), through which bridges with carrying capacity from 60 to 80 tons are laid.

All along, from Kaluga and up to the state border, there are many dangerous sections.

Route M18

The M18 route will have this designation before 01/01/2018, after which the public road, included in the list of federal highways of Russia, will be renamed into P21 "Kola".

It originates in St. Petersburg, it follows through Petrozavodsk, Murmansk, Pechenegu, Borisoglebsky to the border with Norway. The length of the route is almost 1592 km. Being a link between the Leningrad region, Karelia and Murmansk, this route passes through the picturesque places of the Russian North.

The road goes past cities with an original history and noteworthy sights. Not all parts of the road can be called perfectly smooth, there is also impassability, but the overall impression of the "Kola" track is good due to the terrain through which it is laid.

On all the way there are petrol stations, service stations and numerous motels offering travelers not only quality rest, but also leisure. There is also no shortage in fast food outlets, cafes and shops where you can replenish your food and water supplies.