Kinds of bulbs and types of socles. G9-socle

Lighting equipment and its elements are always represented in a wide range. For buyers, not only their technical parameters, but also design elements are important. In the variety of lamps and light bulbs, it is sometimes difficult to understand. And especially important is the replacement of lamps in luminaires with more modern ones, differing not only in their best luminous characteristics but also in their energy efficiency.

Types of socles

For any lamp, the cap type is one of the main characteristics. The device must match the luminaire by the cap type, otherwise it will not be possible to install it.

By design, the socles are divided into groups. The main are screw and pin.

Screw caps have a thread for fastening in the chuck and are marked with the letter "E" and numbers corresponding to the diameter of the cap in millimeters.

In the lamp socket, a lamp with a pin-type cap is attached using one, two or four pins. Such socles are indicated by the letter G and numbers corresponding to the distance between the pins (pins). The type of lamp socket G9 means that the distance between the pins is 9 mm.

G-socles are installed to save space in compact lamps, for example, in luminescent or halogen.

Basic pin pins: G5, G9, 2G10, 2G11 and G23.

Lamps with screw cap

With screw caps the classic incandescent lamps are produced, halogen, luminescent, gas-discharge, LED. However, it is much easier to list which types are produced only with thread. The ancestor of all electric light sources, Ilyich's bulb, the old kind lamp, the only one does not happen with a pin socket, maybe because there simply is not any reason.

Filament lamps and more economical halogen differ only in filling the bulb. Inert gases with an admixture of bromine or iodine make it possible to raise the temperature of the filament, so the light of such devices is brighter with smaller bulb sizes. And as this reduces the evaporation of tungsten, from which the thread is made, the life of the light source is several times higher than that of the usual Illich lamp.

Devices with pin pins

Pin (or pin) socles are mounted on fluorescent, including linear, halogen capsule type, on energy-saving and LED lamps.

The most popular are lamps with a G4 socket. With the designation G9, the socle is found a little less often.

The principle of the fluorescent lamp is based on the combustion of mercury vapor, and this is its main drawback, inherited by inheritance to economical energy-saving lamps. The so-called housekeepers, who made a revolution in lighting, have other drawbacks peculiar to the ancestors. They flicker if the backlight indicator is used in the switch, they do not work with dimmer switches, the start-up has a certain length in time, there is some low-frequency hum at work, their light cuts the eyes.

The most promising for today - LED lamps, they have a prefix LED. Their high technical characteristics pay off minor defects, which promise to disappear with time. These light sources have power limitations, but in everyday light they are used increasingly and gradually displace their counterparts in the decorative and basic lighting of living quarters.

Lamps with G9 socket

Initially, these socles were designed specifically for high-voltage halogen devices, which operated from a normal household power supply with a voltage of 220 V, and small metal halide lamps.

In the G9 lamp, the plinth is equipped with two pins at a distance of 9 mm, and the cartridge is an outlet with holes at the same distance, so the installation of the bulb in the luminaire looks like a normal "plug-socket" connection.

But halogens are a thing of the past, and lamps, especially decorative interior lighting, remain. Therefore, today you can buy with such a socle energy-saving fluorescent and LED lamps.

They are connected to the household electricity network without adapters and are available in the power range from 20 to 75 W.

Halogen lamps with G9 socket

Halogen lamps of directional light with reflectors and capsular are produced with pin bases.

Halogen lamps, perhaps the most compact, are characterized by good light transmission, a long service life, a powerful, and most importantly, stable throughout the lifetime of the light flux. They can be installed in fixtures with a dimmer, that is, to regulate the luminous flux.

Until recently, if a plasterboard ceiling mounted a point-fitting recessed luminaire, then the bulb must have been halogen. The base G9 allows you to insert the light bulb easily and quickly. The only nuance is to carry out this operation in gloves.

The bulb in halogen lamps is produced with a special reflector that redistributes the light flux in space.

The most popular type is the MR16 halogen lamp with a 50 mm bulb diameter.

In the halogen MR16, the G9-base of this size is specially designed so that it can not be confused with lamps designed for low voltage.

Capsular, they are also called finger, halogen lamps of mains voltage are mainly produced with the G9 cap. They are used in open luminaires, where there are no protective glasses.

This, as a rule, decorative lighting of furniture and ceiling. Such lamps in the form of a capsule with the dimensions of the terminals are quite miniature.

Energy-saving lamps with G9 socket

Luminescent or energy-saving devices can be produced with a two- and four-pin socket. For their operation, auxiliary devices are needed, so-called ballasts (ballasts) or electronic ballasts (electronic ballasts).

The starter and the condenser are built in the socle of the two-pin lamp. The latter suppresses interference, and in order to turn it on, you need a choke.

Has a socle G9 energy-saving lamp companies OSRAM and ECOLA. In comparison with halogen lamps it is quite large: its diameter is 30 mm, and the length, depending on the power, is 80-100 mm.

The power of the energy-saving lamp can vary from 5 to 11 W, and the temperature of the light flux is from 2500 to 4100K.

Energy saving lamps with pin socles did not have time to get accustomed, they were very unaesthetic, they looked sticking out of small lamps. They are replaced by LED-lamps.

LED devices with G9 socket

If one or two halogen lamps are installed in the fixture, they will not be replaced by LEDs with tangible savings, but if there are more than a dozen such sources, then the candle is worth it.

Capsule halogen lamps can be replaced with standard JCD LEDs of 1.2 W G9 6500K with a cool bluish light. Miniature LED light bulbs are perfect for highlighting art objects, furniture, shelves and other interior elements.

Not often, but there are chandeliers for basic lighting, in which the socle G9 is used. LED lighting today is represented by suspension and tension systems, table lamps and sconces.

Advantages and disadvantages of LED lamps with G9 socket

The plinth is first and foremost convenient to use - any person can insert a plug into the outlet, and even gloves are not needed.

Secondly, such lamps do not contain mercury, that is, the utilization of problems does not cause.

In addition, the LEDs are protected from moisture, do not flicker when voltage drops, do not heat up, so they can not explode, do not break up into small pieces, for example, when falling, they do not make noise and can be switched on and off unlimitedly.

It is not to be hoped, at least not yet, that LED lamas with a G9 pin socket are ideal. They are not without flaws, maybe against the background of other light sources, very insignificant.

Unfortunately, in Russian networks their service life is much lower than the one declared by the manufacturers. Replace the chandelier or sconce halogen lamp on the LED is not always possible, first, because of the design of the lamp itself. Secondly, because of the directional glow of the LED lamp, the device illuminates the space and looks after its installation differently. Thirdly, the pins of these light sources have a different shape: cylindrical and petal respectively.

The luminaires to which lamps with the G9 base are to be installed are not the most common, but they are often found, especially chandeliers and sconces with fashionable once-halogen lamps rated at 220 V. And it is not always clear whether to change the fixtures, and with them Loved interior, or limited to replacing light bulbs more modern.