How to use the barometer? The device and operating principle of the barometer

It has long been noted that changing weather conditions has a big impact on the human body. Someone is clearly feeling and even sick, and some are less sensitive, but nevertheless experiencing an unexplained malaise. In this regard, a person is interested in weather forecasting in order to prepare for him somehow: take an umbrella or hide in a shelter from the heat. Some people need to drink a pill from the pressure.

Scientist Evangeline Torricelli in the 17th century created an atmospheric pressure meter. It was modernized nowadays. Now the device is also actively used, predicting the weather for the near future. In this article we will look at this device and understand how to use the barometer yourself.

A bit of history

The barometer is a gauge of air pressure in the atmosphere. The experience of the scientist who invented the barometer was to determine how the atmosphere presses on the surface of the globe. For this he took a hollow glass tube. It had a hole on one side. The scientist filled it with mercury. Then, closing the end, he turned the flask, placed it in a cup with the same liquid and freed the hole. Part of the filler poured out, and some remained in the tube, stopping at a record of 760 mm. A vacuum formed in the tube above the liquid.

The scientist understood the principle of the barometer. It is explained by the fact that the atmosphere exerts pressure on the surface of the liquid in the bowl, causing the mercury in the column to rise or fall. Fluid fluctuations depend on the pressure of the atmosphere. It has also been observed that atmospheric pressure is affected by various weather conditions. If we attach a measuring scale to the scientist's instrument, we get a simple barometer.

Types of barometers

Meteorological stations still use barometers with mercury, based on the Torricelli instrument. It is believed that these meters are the most accurate and reliably show the change in atmospheric pressure. But mercury is a dangerous substance. Therefore, the tube with liquid was placed in a brass box with a hole to observe the changes in the column. They called this instrument a station cup barometer.

There are barometers called "aneroid". There is no liquid in them. The device of the aneroid barometer consists of a special sensitive box inside the device. It contains rarefied air. Depending on the degree of atmospheric pressure, the corrugated box, decreasing or increasing, sets in motion the dependent arrow. It, in turn, indicates the current value.

How to use the barometer?

Having a simple model of a barometer at home, you can easily find out the atmospheric pressure at the moment. It is necessary to look at the arrow of the meter: on what value it indicates, it will be a measure of pressure. уточнения, указывающие на штормовые явления, ясную погоду, переменную облачность, дожди, сухость и т. д. Also, the scale has additional specifications, indicating the storm phenomena, clear weather, variable cloudiness, rain, dryness, etc.

Some instruments have two index arrows. One moves independently by changing the pressure on the box connected to it, the other is in a stationary state, and it can be controlled independently. It is a kind of "predictor" for the near future. If it is combined with the leading arrow, then in a few minutes you can understand the pressure will fall or grow. The arrow will swing up or down.

It is very important to know how to use the barometer, weather-dependent people, since they are sensitive to weather conditions. Before changes in climatic conditions, the pressure begins to change. Tracking this change, you can prepare in advance.

How to set up the barometer mechanical?

For correct measurement of atmospheric pressure, you need to adjust the barometer. After listening to the weather forecast at your location, you need to set the index arrow on the altitude indicator above the sea level. To do this, locate the adjustment screw on the back of the unit. Following the scale, set the correct position.

The second arrow captures the pressure in the atmosphere at the current moment. Turn the handle of the meter, set the pointer to this value. Further, this arrow will indicate the drop and increase in pressure in the atmosphere during the period of change. Periodically check your device if there is a suspicion of a malfunction. To do this, tilt it back by 45 degrees or lift the underside of the appliance hanging on the wall by the same amount. In a liquid meter, the mercury will fill the entire tube and you will hear a click.

The mechanical barometer has an arrow, which on the dial will rotate in a circle. In any other case, contact the repair service. Wherever the barometer is, in an apartment or on the street, it will show the same value, since the device is very sensitive. The main thing is not to make mistakes with the altitude of your locality.

How are the graphs built?

The Russian network of meteorological observatories and stations is huge. Their job is to constantly monitor climate change on earth. Research is carried out using the latest devices for measuring atmospheric phenomena. This allows you to predict the weather for the near future. To compile it, scientists collect all the indicators of the current state of the atmosphere. On the basis of these data, they can draw up a graph of atmospheric pressure and design its changes.

Forecasts are important for warnings about storm gusts of wind, agriculture, heat networks and for many other human decisions. The graph of atmospheric pressure for a certain period helps to establish how the temperature of the air changes, when it snaps, at what time to expect a cyclone of rains or strong winds. Using the chart, you can compare in which year the winter was the harshest, and the summer - the hottest.

Barometer for a fisherman

Fans of fishing have long known that changes in the atmosphere affect the catch. The fisherman's barometer is necessary for measuring air pressure, the change of which affects the volume of the catch. Using it, you can accurately allocate a good day for fishing.

Good biting is provided at a time when the barometer readings are practically unchanged for 3-4 days. If the value has changed by at least 8 units, then fishing is useless. As the pressure increases, the fish rises to the surface of the water. The rapid decrease in the arrow predicts the appearance of a storm and the absence of biting.

Types of fishing barometers

The fisherman's barometer can be household and pocket. In the first case, the device is installed on a table or hung on a wall, providing air access. Pocket meter is more convenient. It can be taken to a fishing place. Barometers for fishing are also available in several forms: containing mercury, mechanical and electronic. The latter kind is very popular, as it is not only easy and convenient to use, but, besides measuring pressure, it can determine the air temperature, humidity, altitude. The device has many other additional functions.

From this article we learned how to use the barometer, analyzed the principle of its operation, what are the meters of air pressure. Having a home barometer, you can be ready to love the weather changes.