How to choose the right insulation. Table of thermal conductivity of building materials

The climate in most of our country is very harsh. Therefore, almost any house built outside the city needs to be insulated. A variety of materials can be used to carry out this procedure. When selecting the insulator, first of all, attention is paid to the degree of its thermal conductivity. The lower it is, the more efficient the skin will be. To determine this indicator, there is a special table of thermal conductivity of building materials.

Insulators foamed

This group of materials in terms of heat conservation is considered the best. To it, first of all, such insulators as expanded polystyrene and polystyrene. Table of thermal conductivity of building materials SNiP their effectiveness demonstrates clearly.

They take to the advantages of the insulators of this group and the fact that they are absolutely not afraid of moisture. The main disadvantage of all foamed materials is that they are completely unable to pass moisture vapor through themselves. The so-called thermos effect appears in the houses they finish. And consequently, the owners have to take additional measures to improve the microclimate in the premises - install air conditioners and ventilation system. Also, the disadvantage of these materials is that they practically do not delay extraneous noise. In addition, foamed insulators are very fond of gnawing mice and rats, doing their moves in them. And this, of course, contributes to the violation of the tightness of the insulation layer and its effectiveness.

Mineral wool

This is the second most popular type of insulator. Heat in the rooms, it retains slightly worse foams. To this group are mainly basalt and glass wool. The main advantages of this type of insulation are low cost, as well as good vapor and sound insulation properties. The disadvantages of mineral wool are its ability to absorb moisture. Also the disadvantage of these materials is that they release harmful phenol-formaldehyde resin vapors.

What you need to consider when choosing

When buying an insulator, you should first pay attention to a parameter such as its thickness. Also for an effective insulation is very important indicator such as the thermal conductivity of building materials. A table with the values inherent in different types of insulators will be presented below.

The required material thickness depends on several factors:

• The degree of its thermal conductivity;

• Climatic zone;

• The degree of thermal conductivity of the material of the enclosing structures;

• Thickness of the walls.

For houses in the middle band of Russia, according to the standards, it is necessary to arrange a warming layer of such thickness that its ability to keep the heat is the same as for a 1.5 m brick masonry.

For wooden buildings, this figure may be smaller. The fact is that the log and log itself are very good at keeping the heat.

Table of thermal conductivity of building materials

So, what are the properties of this or that insulator in this respect? How well modern building materials of this variety retain heat, you can learn from the table.

The table of thermal conductivity of building materials, thus, shows that the most effective insulation at the moment is expanded polystyrene. Vata, as already mentioned, is able to hold the cold a little worse.

Which material to choose

Thus, the heat conductivity of building materials is a very important indicator of the effectiveness of insulation of the building's enclosing structures. The table, of course, is not the only way to know its coefficient. The degree of thermal conductivity of the insulator is usually indicated on it by the manufacturer. At the same time, the following values can be entered on the label:

• Degree of thermal conductivity in a dry room at a temperature of 10 ° C;

• In a dry room at 25 ^о С;

• In different humidity conditions (A or B).

Both foam materials and cotton wool are usually available in thicknesses of 10 or 5 cm. As the comparative table of the thermal conductivity of building materials shows, for the central strip of Russia the thermal insulation layer of stone buildings should not be less than 12-13 cm. However, in practice, 10 cm is usually enough. Therefore, the insulation of out-of-town buildings is performed either in one layer of material of 10 cm, or in two insulators of 5 cm thick. The latter method is used more often. With this technology, the second layer is laid in such a way that the seams of the first layer are completely blocked. As a result, maximum sealing of the thermal insulation is achieved.

The materials intended for the isolation of country houses, in our time, as you can see, there are many. If desired, for insulation, you can choose both foamed version, and mineral wool. The effect, as the table of thermal conductivity of building materials shows, will be remarkable in both cases. However, of course, only when the sheathing of the enclosing structures will be of sufficient thickness.