Heart pacemaker: the cost of surgery, reviews

The human body invariably grows older, many internal organs grow old and wear out. That's why pain signals come in that warn that some body is failing. However, the person pays special attention to the heart. With heartaches or heaviness in the chest, anxiety about your health is created. After all, as you know, a healthy heart is a long life.

At the present time, medicine is making new breakthroughs in the field of medicine, so now everyone can check their heart and reveal certain pathologies. High-precision instruments for research will detect a mechanism that has failed, so the doctor will choose the optimal and correct treatment. One of the best correction options that helps restore lost heart function is the heart pacemaker. The operation, the reviews about which are the most positive, allows former patients to forget what heart pains are. They live a full life. Cardiology in Moscow is at the highest level. Tens of thousands of adults and children are cured in a year, and the best doctors give the inhabitants of the country a new full life.

But before you understand what a cardiac pacemaker (the cost of an operation can be different) and how it works, you need to know the anatomy and physiology of an organ such as the heart.

Heart: its structure and functions

The heart is a muscular organ that is capable of pumping blood throughout the body. In it is a septum, consisting of muscle tissue, which divides the heart into the right and left parts. These two parts are also separated by a septum, the upper halves are called the atria, and the lower halves are called the ventricles. The atria and the ventricles are connected by physiological valves, through which blood flows through the muscle contraction.

Blood, located in the right side of the atrium, enters the lungs, where it is actively saturated with oxygen. Further, this blood enters the left ventricle, then merges into the aorta, which is divided into arteries. Thanks to this mechanism, oxygen-enriched blood enters the body through the arteries and thereby enriches all tissues and organs with oxygen. After the function of oxygen release is performed, the blood collects into the veins and flows back to the heart, first to the right atrium, and then to the right ventricle. Arterial blood, which is saturated with oxygen, will be lighter than the venous blood.

Due to the fact that the heart of a person works smoothly, the blood can constantly enrich with useful substances and oxygen all tissues and organs. The natural mechanism that drives the heart and causes it to pump blood is based on the work of supplying special electrical impulses. In medicine, such a function is called a sinus node, or a natural heart driver. It is located in the heart, namely in the right half of its part, in the atrium.

Sinus node plays an important role in the work of the heart. He controls the heart rhythm, and depending on the situation and various conditions, speeds up the heart rate or vice versa, slows them down. For example, with physical exertion the heart beats faster than with the passive state of the body. The natural heart driver feels that there is a need to pump blood more quickly, therefore it rebuilds the heart muscle to a more accelerated pace of work.

The path of transmission of electrical impulses

The propagation of electrical impulses is due to the fact that in the heart are located conductive fibers, and it is they that cause the atria and ventricles to contract until the next impulse. Thanks to the pause between contractions, which sustains the heart, there is a "rest" of the heart muscle.

At some physiological and pathological conditions, a slowing of the heart rate is observed. Causes that slow heart rate:

• dizziness;
• hypertension;
• headache;
• Fatigue, apathy;
• fainting;
• Violation of respiratory rate.

In medicine, this condition is called bradycardia. The reason for its appearance is that the sinus node is affected, then there are changes in the conducting system. This condition leads to a decrease in heart rate, which adversely affects the cardiovascular system and the body as a whole, as the supply of oxygen to tissues and organs decreases. Later, oxygen starvation develops, and this condition leads to a malfunction in the work of many vital organs. First of all, the heart begins to suffer. The patient may feel pain in the chest, as well as heaviness in the heart. If a person does not pay attention to the symptoms and does not cure the disease, then the brain begins to suffer, more precisely the cells of the brain, which constantly require optimal oxygen saturation.

With the development of heart block, the impulses that the sinus node feeds do not always reach the ventricles, and sometimes they do not reach at all, which leads to a disruption in the synchronism of the atria and ventricles.

The pathology of the work of the heart rhythm

Inborn violation of the heart rhythm is associated with the pathology of the cardiovascular system of the child, that is, at the time of the organ's bookmark irreversible changes occurred (heart disease). Very often such a violation is determined by ultrasound examination of the fetus, but sometimes the disease is detected only after the birth of the baby.

Pediatric cardiology deals with the treatment of babies who have heart defects, sometimes it is necessary to inject a pacemaker into the body to save the child's life.

Acquired violation of heart rate may occur due to many reasons:

• Age changes;
• After a heart attack of the heart muscle;
• Infectious diseases that give complications to the heart;
• Hereditary predisposition;
• obesity;
• Smoking and alcohol abuse.

Restoration of the heart rate

Such a disease is not medically treated, only symptoms are removed by medications, but the patient's health is still in danger. In this state, it is advisable to use an artificial pacemaker. It is a special device - a pacemaker, which continuously stimulates the cardiac impulses, causing the ventricles and atria to contract synchronously. In order to install a cardiac pacemaker, the cost of the operation will be higher, and the recovery period will be more difficult if the disease is not treated on time, but let it go on its own.

The composition of the electric pacemaker system

The structure of the device is very complex, it is located in a sealed enclosure and consists of a pulse generator and an electrode. The body consists of a special medical alloy (titanium), which increases the survival rate of the stimulant in the human body.

The device is operated only in those moments when the heart rate slows down, or there are pauses in the work of the heart. In this case, the device triggers a mechanism that sends its own electrical impulses to the cardiac muscle, bringing it to a normal state. This is an example of how the pacemaker works. The operation reviews of patients with cardiac pathology, received positive. They boil down to the fact that patients no longer suffer from a heart rhythm disturbance, returning to a full life.

Kinds

At the moment, there are three types of instruments that are an artificial pacemaker.

1. Single chambered pacemaker. It has only one electrode, which is located in the ventricle, which is only in one heart chamber. Atrial contraction is carried out in a natural way. This kind of apparatus has serious drawbacks, since it controls only one cardiac compartment. Sometimes it happens that because of this the rhythm of the work of the ventricle and the atrium coincides, which leads to the pathology of the outflow of blood from the heart. Due to improper operation of the atria, the blood can not circulate fully from the ventricle to the atrium, and therefore will not go further into the bloodstream.
2. Two-chambered pacemaker. It has two electrodes, one located in the ventricle, and the other - in the atrium. This device has advantages over a single-chamber rhythm driver. In this case, there is complete control over the correct operation and complete synchronization of the atrium and ventricle. Due to this, the outflow of blood from the heart will occur without any disturbances, the blood will flow into the bloodstream according to the old rules, as was the case with a healthy heart activity.
3. The three-chambered pacemaker. This device is the most modern artificial heart rate driver. It has three electrodes, which are located in three heart compartments: the atria, the left and right ventricles. Thanks to such a successful arrangement, the blood physiologically correctly passes all the stages of the intake from one heart to the other, getting uninterruptedly into the blood vessels. The rhythm is the same as that of a healthy heart.

What is an electrode and the principle of its work in a pacemaker?

Due to the high flexibility of the electrode, it can easily bend and twist, which is very important for such a device, since there are different physical movements of a person, as well as heart contractions. The conductor is able to transmit pulses to the myocardium, due to which it generates information about the heart rhythm. The electrode has a special hypersensitive head, which creates contact with the heart muscle.

Heart Pacemaker: Operation, Feedback

At the moment, an operation to introduce a pacemaker is a simple and affordable procedure. It lasts no more than two hours, is conducted by experienced doctors, the department is cardiology. Patients' responses in the postoperative period are good, since recovery occurs relatively quickly, and patients are soon discharged home. The pacemaker is sutured into the thoracic region in the subclavian zone so that it is located between the skin and the muscle tissue.

The electrode passes through the vein before entering the heart cavity. The whole process of electrode placement is under ultrasonic observation. To the external part of the heart segment, the device itself is fixed - the pacemaker of the heart. Surgery reviews patients who have an artificial pacemaker, gets positive. Thanks to the implantation, they can soon enter the old way of life. However, there are still inconveniences and limitations. Nevertheless, a very serious apparatus is being introduced into the body - the pacemaker of the heart. The cost of the operation depends on the manufacturer of the device and the electrode material.

Rules of operation

In order to avoid a failure in the automatic pacemaker system, the following rules must be adhered to:

• Do not stand near high-voltage electrical lines;
• It is forbidden to be near various power transmitters, towers for transmitting TV signals and radio signals;
• In no case can not be examined using a metal detector (at the airport, in stores).

In the presence of an implanted pacemaker, it is forbidden to undergo certain medical examinations:

• Ultrasound of the thorax;
• MRI (study);
• Treatment in a physiocabine with a different range of waves: magnetotherapy, electrotherapy;
• Electrocoagulation only with the permission of the attending physician.

In everyday life, one should also adhere to certain rules:

• Avoid touching the sources of electricity;
• Do not move the device yourself, do not hit it;
• Talking on a mobile phone, apply it to the right ear;
• When using a perforator, the drill must be extremely careful;
• Do not strain the pectoral muscles;
• In the gym to limit the load on this group of muscles.

The cost of surgery and the price of a pacemaker

Usually, heart surgery involves the pacemaker itself. As a result, a whole complex of procedures and activities is formed in the final price. These include:

• Open heart surgery;
• The cost of a pacemaker;
• Price of electrodes;
• Period of stay in cardiology, rehabilitation.

It is important to determine what type of pacemaker, how many it has electrodes, which manufacturer. Depending on this, when performing heart surgery, the cost can range from the lowest to the highest. Price policy on pacemakers:

• Single-chamber kind of the device (domestic production) from 10 500 to 55 000 rubles, imported - 80 000 rubles;
• Two-chamber - from 80 000 to 250 000 rubles; Import analogue - from 250 000 rubles;
• Three-chamber - from 300 000 rubles and above, and import manufacture on the average from 450 000 rubles.

However, it should be clarified that this does not include the price of electrodes. The price for the domestic electrode will be from 2000 to 4,500 rubles, the import price will be from 6,000 rubles. Therefore, it is easy to calculate how much the cardiac pacemaker will cost, the cost of the operation will be from 15 000 to 500 000.

Pacemaker installation

The Cardiology Center is located in the capital, so residents of different cities of the country are treated there.
This center treats adults and children. It is noteworthy that there is also a specialized children's cardiology in it. In the treatment of patients and diagnosis is using modern equipment. Also, with various advanced devices, the "cardiology" department is provided. Diagnoses are made by qualified specialists. Treatment can be medicated and instrumental. After recovery, patients are provided with rehabilitation. Cardiology in Moscow is at the highest level, so you can not be afraid for your health.

The cost of treatment in the cardiac center

Depending on how critical the diagnosis is, prices may vary. If the patient passes on a quota, he can count on free of charge service in any field of medicine: surgery, cardiology. Prices in this case will not worry you, which is very profitable and at the same time reliably.