Headpiece of the Pope - an attribute not only for the Liturgy

One of the most popular questions in scanwords: "What is the headdress of the Pope called?" (5 letters). Many know the answer and do not get confused: tiara. But what she represents, and when she is worn, we will describe below, as well as other attributes intended for the head of His Holiness.

Familiarity with the headgear of the pontiff

The Pope's headdress is far from alone. But we will begin the description from the most famous - from the tiara. Its exact origin is unknown. It appeared seven centuries ago. Tiara has the form of a haystack, an egg or a nest of a bee, who likes comparison more. It was made of dense white fabric and richly decorated with gold embroidery and two ribbons, which fell on the back of His Holiness. Then another crown was added to her, which, according to the assumptions, was to designate secular and spiritual power. Finally, she has a third, which completes the cross. According to various theologians, tiara can be a symbol of life, since its form reminds of an egg, or denote power over all spheres - earth, sky and underground life. Three of its rims can also reflect the suffering, struggles and victory of the church or power over such continents as Europe, Africa and Asia.

The tiara was used when the new pope came into power. The ceremony of enthronement required the imposition of a triple crown. The last pope who supported this ceremony was in 1963 Paul VI, but a few weeks later in a sign of humility, he transferred his tiara to the altar of St. Peter's. His successors since 1965 are no longer crowned. The Vatican does not comment on this. In 1968, she was granted the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Washington. This was done with the aim of showing it and raising funds for the poorest sections of the population.

Winter hat

In the cold season, the headdress of the Pope is kamauro. This is a warm hat made of camel wool or velvet. It is red, and it is trimmed with ermine fur. The Pope's headdress (pictured) kamauro is worn with a warm cloak (mozetta), also red.

What the pontiff wears in the summer

In the summer, use zuketto or pileolus. He appeared on necessity. The head of the Catholic minister of the church has a shaved tonsure that needed to be protected from the cold temperature in the church. Dzuketto is sewn from eight wedges and has a small tail on top, and the pontifex paleolus is always white, unlike the cardinal's caps, bishops and other prelates. His Holiness John Paul II often gave his dzuketto to the guests for memory. And with the pontiff Francis in Italy there was a small incident. While he was blessing and kissing a five-year-old girl, leaning towards her, she at that time took off the dzuquette from his head, which did not offend, but only amused the Pope, who laughed at this with all the others.

The Pope's headpiece, the Pileolus, is surely worn when the Holy Mass is served. Then for a while it is removed, and it is placed on a small copper or wooden stand. After the rite of communion, he is again put on.

Liturgical Vestments

For service in the cathedral or church, the headdress of the Pope is called a miter or an infus. It is also found in Protestants and in Orthodoxy. The traditional modern Catholic miter is not worn directly on the head, but on the pileolus and consists of two parts, which at the top converge into a cone above the forehead and the back of the head. Behind it are attached two tapes, which are the symbol of the Old and New Testaments. The pontiff's miter (it usually does not have one) is decorated with real precious stones and magnificent gold embroidery on a white background.

Interesting fact. The mitral valve of the human heart, which is located between the left ventricle and the left atrium, is named so because of its similarity in shape with the miter. Andreas Vesalius noted the striking similarity between them when performing anatomical autopsies in the sixteenth century.

Everyday attribute

Everyday headdress of the Pope - a red hat with a low round crown and two golden cords, which are tied under the chin. It is made of fur or beaver felt. She has wide fields. Its name is the capello romano ("the Roman hat"), and the "Saturno" addition it received because of the similarity of its appearance with the planet Saturn, surrounded by a ring. Capello Romano is not used in liturgical services.

In this article, we described in as much detail as possible all the five headgear that are in the wardrobe of His Holiness the Pope.