Germany - nature and climate. The rivers and lakes of Germany

Germany (Federal Republic of Germany, or shortly Germany) is located in Europe. It is very easy to find on the map, since it resembles a puzzle of 16 small pieces. The capital of the state is Berlin. The population is almost 80 million people. The state language is German.

Geography

Features of the nature of Germany are that the northern part of the country was formed during the era of glaciation and now is a plain. In the south, the Alps are located from it, and in the north - forests.

The rivers and lakes of Germany are spread all over its area. The largest reservoir is Bodenskoe. Its area reaches 540 km ² , and the depth is 250 m. The largest water streams are connected by channels. The most famous among them is Kiel.

The climate of Germany

Throughout the territory of Germany, the climate is different. In the north of the country - marine, in other parts - continental with features of moderate type. Winter, as a rule, is quite mild and warm. The temperature does not drop below -10 degrees. Summer is not very hot (not more than +20 ºС). In the northern and eastern parts of the climate are more severe: relatively severe frosts and heat.

The northern lands of Germany suffer from the fact that the climate in this region is subject to influence from the Atlantic Ocean. Here, especially in the Alps, the largest amount of precipitation falls, most of which usually occur during the hot season. In spring, after warming, it can sharply turn cold.

The wild nature of Germany perfectly "feels" in this climate. It is in all respects suitable for the development of agriculture and tourism. Most visitors come in the summer season (July-August). In winter, the country is visited by a smaller number of people and only those who like to spend time skiing. The rivers and lakes of Germany are numerous, we will talk about them further.

The weather is constantly changing. In the summer, it is possible that yesterday there was a heat and the sun was shining, but today it's raining and the temperature has dropped to the minimum mark. The most dangerous "gifts" of nature here are rare. Because the FRG is located in a temperate climate, even the large and large-scale floods that have occurred in the last few years can be called an exception rather than a regularity.

In 2003, for the first time in several centuries, it was a very hot summer. And there are practically no earthquakes here, all because of the relevant relief: the country is on the Eurasian lithospheric plate.

Flora

Coniferous plantations, consisting of spruce, larch, fir and pine - all this is rich in Germany. The nature of the country is not ordinary. A few kilometers from the mountains, broad deciduous forests begin, where birch, chestnut, beech and oak trees grow, as well as maples.

Unfortunately, at the moment most of the meadows and fields have been reduced to a minimum. This is due to the fact that the government of the regions has decided to build up these territories. Near the Alps are lichens, mosses and common herbs. Here grow orchids, roses, edelweiss and other flowers. In some places there are mushrooms and berries. However, almost all of them are poisonous.

Fauna

Unfortunately, Germany is one of the countries with a poor fauna in Europe. The nature of the FRG is very scarce in terms of the diversity of animals. Here you can see hares, various rodents, deer, wild boar. In the mountains you can meet cats and marmots. Earlier, a few years ago, Germany had a large number of lynxes, but at the moment because of poaching they are almost gone. In these same areas occasionally appears the golden eagle. It is inhabited by cuckoos, partridges, swallows, owls and others. In the reserves you can see the owls, storks and herons.

Some large rivers of Germany can "boast" of the fact that otters have settled in their waters. However, due to the fact that they are very polluted, the existence of these animals in the territory of Germany is under great threat. Germany is one of the largest countries with developed industry, and this affects the ecological state of the environment.

Rivers of Germany

In the territory of this state there are more than 700 rivers. Their length exceeds 7 thousand km. Some of them are considered quite important arteries not only of this great power. Most of the water flows belong to the Baltic and the North Seas, only the Danube to the Black Sea. That is why Germany is one of the largest river countries, the nature of the rivers is very diverse.

The largest water flow in Germany is the Rhine. The source of the river is located in the Alpine mountains in one of the largest lakes in Switzerland and in Germany - Lai-da-Tuma. The water flow has several major tributaries. High water is most often found in the headwaters of the river. In the lower and middle reaches it remains abundant all year round.

An interesting incident occurred in 1932. One authoritative publication made a mistake and published information that the length of the river is 1320 m, not 1230 m, as stated in the official documents of hydrologists. As a result, false data was transferred to some encyclopedias, school textbooks and other relevant publications. The misprint was revealed only in 2011.

The largest rivers in Germany are: Danube, Oder, Rhine, as well as Elbe and Weser.

Lake of the State

Visiting the lakes of Germany, you can enjoy the view, shopping and just bathing. Reservoirs are located evenly throughout the state, from south to north, from east to west.

One of the most beautiful lakes is Tegernse. It is located in Bavaria and looks impressive due to the mountain peaks. The reservoir of Koenigssee is different in color. Its water has an emerald green hue.

On one of the islands of Lake Chiemsee is the castle of the last king of the federal state of Bavaria, namely Ludwig II.

One of the largest lakes in Germany is Hohenwart and Bleyloch. Because of their large size, they received the name Sea of Thuringia.

Germany, the nature of which is popular all over the world, is famous for its large number of rivers, picturesque horizons and the beauty of the Alps. The largest federal state of Germany can be called Bavaria. It is famous for lakes, mountains, castles, and also huge forests. Its capital, Munich, is the center of beer and such a direction in art as Baroque.