Generator VAZ-2105: device, connection, repair

When you start the car, you lose a significant portion of the current from the battery. To resume this charge, the design of any car provides a generator. VAZ-2105 is also equipped with them. What is this element? How does it work? The device and operation of the generator is in our article.

Characteristic

This element is a node that converts mechanical energy into electricity. The main function performed by the VAZ-2105 generator is the charge of the battery. The device works only when the engine is on, when the crankshaft rotates. On cars from Auto VAZ (2105 is not an exception) use the alternator.

Where is

The device is located in front of the engine. The generator is driven from the crankshaft. The higher is this element, the better. After all, when water hits, it instantly breaks down.

Device

The VAZ-2105 generator consists of many units and parts. Among them, it should be noted:

• Stator.
• Rotor.
• Rectifier block.
• The brush assembly.
• Regulator of tension (in the common people "chocolate").
• Belt of a generator.

All of the above items are placed in a metal case. The element is quite heavy and weighs not less than one kilogram.

About rotor

The main function of this node is the creation of a magnetic field. The rotor shaft has an excitation winding. The latter is placed in two pole halves, each of which has 6 protrusions. Also on the shaft are provided contact rings. Thanks to them, the exciting winding is supplied. In addition, the impeller shaft and the driven driven pulley are placed on the rotor shaft. The bearing and the pulley of the generator belt are maintenance-free.

Stator

This element serves to generate alternating current. The stator combines in its design the winding and the metal core. The latter is a set of plates. In the grooves of the core, a loop or wave laying of the winding is used.

Housing

It represents two covers - the back and the front. The latter is located on the drive pulley side of the crankshaft. Both generator covers are connected by means of several long bolts. The material of production is aluminum. It easily dissipates heat and is not magnetized, which is very suitable for generator operation. Also on the body there are ventilation holes and "paws" of fastening.

Brushes

They serve to transfer electric current to the contact rings. The brush assembly includes two graphite elements. They are pressed against the base by means of a spring. All these parts are fixed in the housing - brush holder. On the last generations, this element is constructively integrated with the voltage regulator and represents a single, non-assembled unit.

Rectifier block

It is necessary for the transformation of sinusoidal voltages, which are generated by the generator. This unit is a metal plate on which diodes are mounted. They also serve as a heat sink. In the rectifier block there are 6 power diodes (two elements for each phase). There is a positive and negative conclusion.

Winding

Engine VAZ-2105 with timing belt has a special winding design. It is connected through a separate group, which consists of two diodes. Thanks to these rectifiers, the discharge current does not enter the battery when the engine is not running. Some motorists modify the design of the generator. If the winding is connected as a star, and two additional diodes are connected to the output, you can increase the performance of the element by 15-20 percent.

Voltage regulator

This element serves to maintain the normal level of voltage in the on-board network. The VAZ-2105 generator is equipped with a semiconductor voltage regulator. Due to this, the battery does not suffer from voltage drops. Generally, the generator gives a charge in the range of 13 to 14.5 Volts. When recharging the plate, the batteries can quickly boil.

Drive unit

This node operates from the belt drive. The speed of rotation of the rotor is 3 times higher than the speed of the engine's crankshaft. The stronger you press on the gas, the higher the voltage output. On cars of a classical family use клиновой a belt.

Connectivity

To connect the generator, it is necessary to remove the minus terminal with the battery. Then, by means of a ring wrench on 17, two fixing bolts are twisted. They attach the casing to the base of the engine. Then, the drive belt is installed. Use the roller to set its tension. Then connect the generator terminal with the plugs. The output goes to the battery through the fuse plate. Then reconnect the battery terminal and start the engine. The device must generate electricity and charge the battery.

Faults and repairs

First, we note that even with serious generator malfunctions, repair of the VAZ-2105 can be done manually. So, the first possible failure is interturn closures, or a break in the winding of the armature. Symptoms - the generator refuses to generate current. A red lamp with a battery light is on the instrument panel. Such closures can be determined with an ohmmeter, by measuring the current resistance. Sometimes the breakage is revealed by the method of visual diagnostics.

After disassembling the generator, it is necessary to inspect the connection points of the wires of the brushes and contact plates, and also solder the terminals of the coil to the contact rings. How is VAZ-2105 repaired? If there is a breakage, it can be eliminated with an ordinary soldering iron. But if this is a "body" closure, only the replacement of the stator or the armature assembly will help here. The next fault is for the rectifier unit. Symptoms - the device does not produce current with an intact brush assembly and in the absence of a winding break. In this case, the cause of the faults is the diode bridges. In the event of a breakdown, they will not pass current through themselves or pass in both directions (accompanied by a short circuit). The rectifier unit changes entirely. Spare parts for VAZ-2105 are cheap. The price of the new diode bridge will be about 400-500 rubles.

Malfunction of the voltage regulator

Sometimes the so-called "chocolate" breaks down. How to determine the failure of the voltage regulator? Symptoms - the generator gives a charge with excess or with a defect. The battery often boils or does not charge at all. A light bulb with a battery light is on the instrument panel. It is worth noting that this is the most frequent breakdown.

How much are such spare parts for VAZ-2105? The price of the new integrated regulator is 150 rubles. Note that it is the same for all classic models of AvtoVAZ and even for Zaporozhye "Tavria".

How to determine that the regulator has broken down? To do this, it is necessary to start the VAZ-2105 engine with the timing belt and at mid-turn turn on all electrical appliances: lights, stove, salon light. Next, using a voltmeter, measure the voltage level on the battery itself, and then - between the output terminal and the generator mass. If the readings are from 12.5 to 14 volts, then the element is defective. If the values are too high or too low, the voltage regulator must be replaced.

Noise at work

If there is a characteristic noise in the generator area, it may be wear of the anchor bearings. Most often, the front element suffers, since the greatest burden is placed on it. After parsing the generator, the condition of the bearing holes must be carefully inspected. If the wear in it was more than the gap between the stator and the armature, the replacement of the front cover of the generator is required. Otherwise, the armature will touch the stator pole during operation. The bearing is selected not only by inner and outer diameter, but also by width. For example, if it is a Bosch generator, you can install a bearing from the support of the GAZ-24-10 gear shaft at the front of the armature. In the back of the "Classic" elements from "Tavria" and "Moskvich" are used. It should be noted that on the VAZ-2105 voltage generator the winding is fed through the control panel of the instrument panel. Therefore, if the circuit breaks, if the device ceases to produce current, it is necessary to "make" the path from the winding to this light bulb. It is recommended to use a multimeter.

Conclusion

So, we have found out the device and malfunctions of the alternator on the car VAZ-2105. In most cases, you can repair yourself. And the cost of spare parts for the generator rarely exceeds the mark of a thousand rubles. One of the most expensive parts is the diode bridge. By the way, it fits with other models of "Classics".