Folk toy with their own hands. Russian rag doll. Toys made of clay

A doll is the most ancient toy. Originally they were made as an object of worship to the gods. However, children tend to adapt different subjects to the game. And everything that falls into their hands, quickly turns into thematic heroes. Our great grandmothers also noted this attraction of kids, and began to make different crafts for them. The folk toy was made with its own hands quite simply, it could be a piece of stone or wood, a corn cob, a bundle of straw, stretched by a strip of fabric.

A bit of history

The first mention of the doll in a familiar way for us is found in the Egyptian manuscripts in the 20th century BC. E. They were carved out of wood and decorated with paintings. Instead of hair there were threads decorated with wooden beads. Ancient Greece has further developed the cult of making toys. And it was at this time that dolls began to target girls. They played with them until they got married, and then gave to the gods as a sign that they had already grown up.

Doll in Russia

Here, a folk toy was made from time immemorial. And initially the dolls were made without a face. It was believed that this way you revive the figure, and what it will be, good or evil, can not be predicted. Only later the folk sages began to make dolls with different facial expressions. But they were not meant for the game, they were talismans. A folk toy is made from a variety of materials. Today we will look at fabrications from different materials so that each of you can make a little joy for your baby, or with him.

Symbol of Russia

It's already hard to even remember when the matryoshka appeared. This is the first developing folk toy. Their hands were made by masters of wood, folk craftsmen, and women painted in intricate patterns. Later, new techniques appeared. For example, with the help of papier-mache, you can make a similar matryoshka doll, but only at home and without special tools.

You only need plasticine, paper, glue and a lot of free time. From plasticine perform a figure, similar in shape to a nesting doll. Then start to glue it with pieces of paper layer by layer. It will take at least 20 layers to ensure that the final product holds the shape well. After that, gently cut the matryoshka doll, take out the clay and glue the seam. It remains only to dry, paint the figure and the national toy is ready. With your hands it is quite simple.

Ragdoll

Most often in Russia they made a rag doll. To do this, do not need special knowledge and skills, and in the course will go all the improvised materials. For the first time, a piece of cloth, or rather its fragments, was found during excavations, it dates back to the 2nd century BC. E. It was an exclusively ceremonial doll. Over time, this practice migrated to peasant families, since they did not have the money to buy copyright. However, one can not deny the skill of women in Russia, they made amazing folk toys. Dolls could be the simplest, made from a bundle of grass with a shawl from a scrap, but sometimes women made embroidered outfits for them, tying them with lace patterns with the help of a hook. Therefore, such toys could be safely given to the exhibition.

Forgotten art

We will talk a little more about how a folk toy is made by our own hands. The master class will help you express your imagination, and create an exclusive masterpiece. For sewing you will need a natural cloth. It is best to choose linen, coarse calico, satin or chintz. They are inexpensive and do not require special skill for the processing of seams. Fabric will need two colors, for body and clothing. Very good, if the material does not shed. In addition, you need threads in tone, scissors and buttons for the eyes, ribbons and laces for finishing. Finally, if desired, you can make doll hair from a thick thread. The simplest pattern is a circle from which the bell to the bottom, from beneath which the legs look out, diverges from the bottom. Do not forget to make and handle sausages.

And then - a space of imagination for you. Cut out two halves of the fabric, not forgetting to leave some space on the seams. You can sweep them on the machine, turning inside out. Then turn it to the front and carefully stuff it with materials. It can be hay, cotton wool, pieces of fabric, sintepon, everything that you will find at home. It remains to fix the hands and feet in suitable places for them.

Now it's a little thing. You sew buttons, make a lip from a red bow, decorate a hairdress or simply supply a doll with a kerchief. From any flap you make an elegant sundress, lace it with lace and ribbons. It is not necessary to make a ready workpiece, just cut out a rectangle from the fabric, pick it up a little and sew dolls to the body. Brambles are made in the form of lace strips.

Dymkovo toy

This is another bright representative of Russian folk art. At thematic fairs, these figures are invariably attended by guests. Toys made of clay are not suitable for playing, but they perfectly decorate themselves with a decorative shelf. For the production of figures, red clay with the addition of fine sand is used. However, if you want to try to do similar works at home with children, then such a composition can not be found. However, there is a way out. The figure can be molded from plasticine, and the top is applied a mixture of flour and PVA glue. However, you can use acrylic, artistic primer. It is easily applied to plasticine, does not roll down and dries quickly.

Toys made of clay are also remarkable because they open up space for creativity, because the resulting horses, dogs and little men can be decorated with intricate patterns with the help of brushes and paints. This is extremely exciting. And to fix the result, you can use lacquer in spray cans. It dries quickly and does not lubricate paint.

Master of Painting

Painting folk toys - this is a topic for a separate conversation. Each master introduces a part of himself into bright elements, and as a result a whole world blossoms on a bright background. Very often bright colors and shades were used to make the toy noticeable from afar. Of the elements of the decor are natural motifs, these are berries and flowers, leaves and stems of plants. In addition, often in the painting are guessed objects of everyday life, hearth, which is also always associated with well-being. In general, the composition depends on its purpose, and also on the idea of the master himself. A folk toy is also good because it will always be in a single copy. Even creating a similar one, the wizard will still perform several elements in a different way.

Motowness doll

If you do not have bright artistic talents, and a child asks him to make him a toy, you should not give it up. It is enough to read our article and learn how to make a doll out of thread. Complex it may seem only at first glance. In fact, such toys were made 5000 years ago, and so can you. For work you will need yarn, cardboard and scissors. From a cardboard it is necessary to cut out a rectangle of such height, what should be the future doll. Fold the first loop across the cardboard and tie a knot. Now start winding the yarn already along. It will take at least 100 laps to make the doll quite large.

The second step is the formation of the head. To do this, thread the remainder of the thread under the yarn and fasten it with a loop. Now back off a bit from the edge and use one more thread to make the knot. The formed ball will be the head. Separate hands that are close to the tips and intercept the thread. Cutting the loops at the ends, you designate the fingers. It remains to intercept the doll thread in the belt and decide whether you have a girl or a boy. In the first case, you can leave the skirt as is, and in the second it is divided into two parts and tied at the ends.

Now you know how to make a doll out of thread. Nothing complicated, as you can see. You can dress her up in a dress, make her face and sew her hair. It all depends on your desire and free time.

Russian folk toy from the dough

Plasticine in Russia was not, and children are very fond of messing around with soft and elastic substances, knead them and sculpt figurines. Therefore, moms got them a steep dough and allowed to sculpt the figures. They could then be baked in the oven and eat instead of biscuits, or dried and left in the form of souvenirs for memory. You can repeat this experience and do creativity with your child. The dough is made very simply, only 2 glasses of flour, a glass of salt and ¾ cup of water will be required. This mixes the dough, which can be stored in the refrigerator and used as needed. The figures made of it after drying become hard, white and shiny. The most important thing is to take the fine salt and knead the dough well, otherwise it will crumble. To sculpt it can be whistles or animal figurines, little men or elements of nature, flowers, mushrooms or trees.