Establishing the UN

The United Nations has for more than 65 years been the most representative international organization that tackles key issues of world politics and ensures universal security.

The creation of the UN became possible after the victory of the Anti-Hitler Coalition over Germany and its allies in World War II.

The first step towards the creation of an international organization dedicated to the settlement of conflicts between countries in order to prevent the emergence of new wars in the future was the signing of the Agreement between the USSR and Great Britain (12.07.1941). After that similar agreements were concluded with Czechoslovakia and Poland.

Although the year of creation of the UN is 1945, the process of preparing for this event began much earlier. In August-September 1941, a document was created that united the interests of the three powers - the Soviet Union, the United States and Great Britain. It became the ideological basis of the new anti-fascist coalition. The signed Atlantic Charter was based on the general principles that the country should adhere to during the war: no territorial increments, all changes to the borders of countries with the consent of the peoples living on them.

On January 1, 1942, Roosevelt, Churchill, Soviet Ambassador Litvinov and Chinese Foreign Minister Sun Tzu-wen signed the United Nations Declaration. This document became a logical continuation of the previously adopted Atlantic Charter.

After the victories at Stalingrad and at the Kursk Bulge, the issues of post-war settlement came to the fore. The victories significantly strengthened the prestige of the USSR in the world arena. Moscow seized the initiative and on the diplomatic front. The creation of the UN was initiated precisely by the Union, who understood the need to create an organization that could maintain security and peace.

The establishment of such an organization was raised at the Moscow Conference (October 1943). At that time, a document was signed on universal security. "Declaration of the four states" was drawn up on the basis of mutual agreement of the participating countries to build their relations on the principle of a democratic union.

The date of the creation of the UN, however, was not yet close. Although the states recognized the need to establish the organization as soon as possible, it took several more years to make a final decision.

The Soviet side proposed the creation of a commission of representatives of the three powers to work out issues related to the approval of a new representative organization. The decisions taken at the Moscow conference were reaffirmed at the meeting of Stalin, Churchill and Roosevelt in Tehran.

By 1944, the outcome of the war was already evident. Work to address the problems associated with the creation of an international organization has significantly intensified. The US government proposed to hold a conference in Washington. The countries of the "Big Three" exchanged memorandums with their proposals on the main positions. August 21, the opening of the conference.

The creation of the UN has become a matter of time. The countries worked out the following principles for the work of the International Organization: 1. The sovereign equality of all states; 2. refusal from the threat of force in solving problems; 3. fulfillment of obligations undertaken; 4. refusal to provide assistance to countries against whom actions of a compulsory or preventive nature have been taken; Feasible assistance of the Organization by all states; 6. ensuring the actions of other states in accordance with the principles of the work of the Organization.

The main organs of the UN were the General Assembly, the International Court of Justice, the Security Council and the Secretariat.

The final creation of the UN will take place in 1945, when the UN Charter was signed in San Francisco (June 26).