Engine VAZ-2110 (8 valves) injector: the device. VAZ-2110: the scheme of the injector

The subject of this article is the VAZ-2110 engine (8 valves) injector in the fuel injection system. The main task is to find all its advantages and disadvantages, to compare it with a carburetor engine. But for this, you need to go a little deeper into history, look at how this engine was designed, how good it is to operate and repair. And the story will begin from the end of the 70s of the last century, when the engineers of VAZ thought about the design of front-wheel drive cars. And after that, the injector injection system will be considered, its differences from the carburetor, advantages and disadvantages.

History of the engine

And now the story of where the engine of the VAZ-2110 (8 valves) originates is from. And it was laid in the late 70's. In these years, designers are beginning to understand that the classic that has been produced for many years has a high cost price. In addition, the Fiat-124 is the best car in Europe in 1964. Nearly two decades have passed, we need to update the product line. And experiments began. The first thing to modernize the timing drive, began to use the belt. But on the VAZ-2105 engine (production years - 1980-1988), it did not take root, although it reduced the noise level.

The reason is trivial: in the pistons you need a loop that does not allow you to knock against the valves when it breaks. But when repairing the engines, they were usually fitted with pistons with 1.3-liter engines that were suitable in size but without grooves. But in the early 80's the eighth generation comes out. More new, to match European counterparts. And most importantly - for cars front-wheel drive, a motor with a belt transmission to the timing mechanism. And it was the same engine, which with a lot of rework is installed on modern cars. On models 2109 and 2110 these power units were first adapted for the injector injection system.

Main engine components

No significant differences can not be detected by a cursory examination. With the carburetor that the injector injection system does not affect the basic design of the engine. But it's worth looking at the little things. For example, take a look at the VAZ-2110 thermostat injector (8 valves). It immediately catches your eye that it can be disassembled! Exactly! Engineers in Europe are sitting and thinking how to reduce the resource of the car, while our at this time carry out real improvements that are beneficial to the consumer. It is clear that the thermostat does not break the body, but the insides are a thermosensitive element or a valve. Therefore, why produce millions of cases? It would be much more profitable to make one for the machine, and in case of a breakage of the thermostat, only the insides should be changed.

But this is not all the advantages of domestic engines. Notice, in the US and Europe, all cars are the same, sometimes repair does not make sense, it's easier to throw it away, and buy a new one. The reason is partly in the engine. For example, AvtoVAZ is almost the only plant that continues to put ICE blocks of cast iron on its products! In all developed countries, aluminum alloys have long been used for this purpose! The resource of engines suffers, but most importantly - there is no possibility to perform its repair, since it is not subject to boring or peregilization. And this is much cheaper than buying a new engine or car. Maybe a well-to-do burgher can afford this, but in our country the car for many people is still a luxury.

What is an injector?

And now we'll still see what the injector scheme looks like on the VAZ-2110 car, we'll look at the main components and the principle of operation. But first you need to answer the questions, what is an injector and what is it for. Everyone knows that until the end of the 90's carburetors were installed. In them by means of air streams there was a mixture formation, and then and giving in an inlet collector of fuel system. And such a clever device can mix gasoline with air in an ideal proportion - 14 to 1. But here is a game of vacuum and atmospheric pressure.

Features of the injector

But the engine VAZ-2110 (8 valves) injector is much easier than the carburetor option. But this is if you look from the electrician's point of view. The fact is that the system consists of a variety of electronic devices that are responsible for the operation of the entire engine. Instead of a carburetor, a ramp is mounted on the intake manifold. In fact, this is a piece of pipe in which there is a fuel-air mixture. It is pumped from the tank using an electric pump under low pressure. By default the ramp is completely sealed, it is separated from the intake manifold channels by solenoid valves - injectors. But here's the feature: the ramp maintains a constant pressure, which regulates the sensor, and the quality of the mixture and the amount of gasoline supplied depend directly on how open the throttle valve.

Scheme of injection system of injection

So, now more in detail about the power supply system of the injector engine VAZ-2110. The first goes on the list of gasoline pumps. It is mounted directly in the tank, in conjunction with the filter, and the engine rotor is driven only when the ignition is switched on (provided that the pressure in the ramp is below the minimum level). Then the fuel enters the tube into the ramp. A mixture is formed here. The air first passes through the filter for cleaning. A flexible filter body is connected to the throttle assembly.

Sensor system

No less interesting is the VAZ-2110 engine (8 valves). Injector, the control system device, to be more precise, includes a plurality of sensors. All control is done by sensors. So, between the filter and the throttle there is a mass air flow sensor. The position sensor is mounted on the damper itself. In the ramp - pressure. In addition, a knock sensor is located between the second and third cylinders on the surface of the internal combustion engine . And on the pulley of the generator drive - engine speed. From the gearbox is measured the speed of the car. All data that comes from the readers is fed to the electronic control unit.

Electronic control unit

This, if I may say so, is the very heart of the system. At the VAZ-2110, the injector circuit is reduced to this device. A small case with a lot of output, but inside is the most interesting - the microcontroller. That's it, and regulates all the work of the engine. In the internal memory of the so-called fuel card is laid. According to it, the controller determines how much air and gasoline must be fed into the ramp so that the motor runs in normal mode, there is no detonation. But most importantly - for what period of time it is necessary to give an impulse to the fuel injectors, so that they open and inject the mixture into the combustion chamber.

Which is better: carburetor or injector?

And now a little about what will be more reliable engine VAZ-2110: injector or carburetor? And you need to look at this question from different sides. For example, beginners will have to taste the injector. Constant speed, there is no need to block the air supply of cold, and starting from the place is much easier. But there is another advantage - a car at high speeds is more pryemisty. Even at a speed of 120 km / h when the gas pedal is squeezed out, the car quickly accelerates. In carburettors this is much slower. Therefore, overtaking by car with an injector is safer. But at the start of the traffic light the carburettor will simply "tear" the injector. And the reason is the higher torque at the bottom. And the cost of maintenance, of course, in the injector "tens" is higher, because sometimes it is not easy to put an accurate diagnosis in case of breakage.