Energetic resources. Description

Fuel and energy resources are considered the basis of modern economic activity in any country. At the same time, this industry is the main polluter of the natural complex. In particular, the strong negative impact on the environment is provided by the extraction of oil and coal by the open method.

Energy resources of Russia are considered the leading branch of the economy in the country. Advanced technologies in the extraction and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials were used at all stages of development of this industry. In modern conditions, it is impossible to do without them. This is due to the high level of competition, because of which it is necessary to search all the time for more efficient forms of the production processes themselves, and methods for their regulation.

Energy resources refer to a complex interindustry system of production and extraction of raw materials, its transportation, use and distribution.

The development of this industry depends on technical and economic magnitudes, scale, dynamics of social production, industry in the first place. In accordance with the requirements for the territorial organization of the sphere in question, an approximate position to the sources of raw materials is the main criterion by which the industry is being established. Effective energy resources are considered the basis for the formation of various production complexes, determining their specialization in energy-intensive industries. The main consumers are in the European territories of Russia. At the same time about eighty percent of geological reserves are located in the eastern regions. This determines the range of transportation, which, in turn, affects the cost of production.

Energy resources are endowed with a significant district-forming function. So, near to their sources there is a development of the powerful infrastructure which favorably affects the industry, development of settlements and cities. At the same time, about ninety percent of greenhouse gas emissions, a third of harmful compounds entering the water, falls precisely on this production sector.

The energy complex is characterized by a developed production infrastructure, represented in the form of main pipelines. They are designed for transportation of natural gas, oil products.

Energy resources are closely connected with many spheres of the national economy. Their extraction, distribution is carried out using the products of metallurgy, machine building. About thirty percent of financial resources are spent on the development of the fuel and energy complex. The branches of this sphere of management give, in turn, about 30% of industrial output.

With the fuel and energy complex is directly related to the welfare of the citizens of the country. The development of this industry makes it possible to cope with such problems as unemployment and inflation. To date, in Russia it employs more than two hundred enterprises, employing more than two million people.