Effective heaters - properties that affect the choice of insulation material

Low thermal conductivity is one of the main properties of heaters. Modern construction, as a rule, is carried out using efficient heaters, as they have low thermal conductivity, which makes it possible to erect building envelope structures of lesser thickness. And this makes it possible to significantly reduce material costs in new construction.

Reconstruction of existing buildings with the use of insulation of enclosing structures can reduce the cost of creating a comfortable climate in the room - heating in winter and protection from overheating in a hot period. By the way, it is known that the cost of producing a unit of cold is 2 times higher than the production of a unit of heat.

Soundproof properties

Modern effective heaters in their properties have not only low thermal conductivity, but also significant soundproofing properties that allow to reduce the level of noise penetrating into the rooms from the outside.

Formostability

One of the main factors in choosing a heater is its ability to preserve geometric parameters over time - it is the stability of the shape and dimensions of the insulation that makes it possible to provide a reliable thermal insulation of the structure.

As a result of a number of laboratory tests, it was noted that the thermal conductivity of some materials did not change over time, but, nevertheless, there were heat losses through the cracks between the thermal insulation plates or mats. Based on this, it was concluded that the criteria for the quality of thermal insulation, which determines the longevity of the material in the structure, should primarily be attributed to the preservation of the geometric dimensions of the material.

In practice, when choosing a heater for thermal insulation of a building structure, it should be borne in mind that modern heaters in the form of heat insulation boards (expanded polystyrene, extruded polystyrene, stone wool slabs) are recommended for use in horizontal, inclined and vertical structures. Rolled heat-insulating materials are recommended for use in horizontal structures, the use of roll insulation in vertical structures can lead to the fact that the thermal insulation layer falls down.

Water Absorption

It is known that with increasing humidity increases the thermal conductivity of materials, therefore one of the important properties in determining the quality of thermal insulation is the ability of a heater to not absorb moisture, because it affects the thermal conductivity of the material.

Extruded polystyrene foam and expanded polystyrene - heat insulating materials with low water absorption, mineral wool with thermal insulation of structures, depending on the construction technology used, often needs protection from moisture, for this purpose, hydro, windproof and vapor barrier films are used (note that the use of films Complicates the technology of insulation and increases the fire hazard of the structure).

Fire safety

Thermal insulation materials in terms of ensuring fire safety are characterized by flammability properties. There are non-combustible (NG group) and combustible heat-insulating materials (usually group G3 and G4, where 3 and 4 are self-burning time in seconds). Non-combustible materials are mineral wool, so its use is possible not only as a heater, but also as a technical insulation.

According to experts, the combustibility group of the material is not the main criterion for choosing a heater, as the insulation is inside the structure. Modern building technologies with the use of both combustible and non-flammable thermal insulation materials are fire tested, which is confirmed by fire certificates.

Thus, the choice of insulation can be done only in general considering the conditions under which a particular construction structure will work.