Educational process. The axiological approach

The axiological foundations of pedagogy follow from the direction of philosophy about values - "axiology". Specialists note that the "value view" of reality has established itself in science quite thoroughly and widely. In this regard, it is often considered almost the dominant direction in the issue of research projects in the humanities. This is due to the fact that in real life and in nature values are represented in the form of a specific prism through which these or other socio-psychological phenomena are refracted. In this regard, the axiological approach in pedagogy makes it possible to fairly accurately reveal the functional orientation, the significance of various social phenomena.

The application of the method under consideration to the study of educational phenomena and processes is thus quite natural. As modern scientists and practitioners believe, values determine the essence of human education and upbringing, among other things.

The axiological approach is introduced into the educational process without imposing and pressure. This is achieved by the introduction of various value orientations in the spiritual and pragmatic structure of the relationship of man to himself, nature, other people. In this case, the educator does not just apply the axiological approach as a kind of "presentation" of values, but creates conditions for their understanding with the students.

Value is considered internal, mastered on the emotional level of the subject of the landmark of his own activity. The axiological approach is substantively conditioned both historically and socially. In the process of development of ethnoses in general and human in particular, there have been changes in the sphere of people's attitude to the surrounding reality, to themselves, the rest, to their work as a necessary reception of self-realization. Together with this, lines of relations were changing, which determined the values of social consciousness. The connection of value priorities with a person, the meaning of his activity and all life, which take place in a certain ethnic and cultural context, is undoubtedly important. For example, in ancient times beauty, harmony, and truth were considered priority values. With the advent of the Renaissance in the system, such concepts as goodness, freedom, happiness, humanism began to dominate. There are also specific value systems. So, for example, the "triad" of public consciousness in pre-revolutionary Russia is known: people, Orthodoxy, monarchy.

For modern society, we can prioritize values such as labor, life, family, collective, people, homeland. Actual modeling of the axiological approach is possible on the basis of "inter-value" relationships. In the modern world, value is often manifested, derived from advanced semantic constructions - social mobility. With its formation, some experts associate hopes for the emergence of society from the crisis. Along with this, teachers pay attention to the specifics of universal and national values.