Dynasty of Durovs. Circus artists

Durovs are a famous surname in the history of Russia. Its representatives are famous actors and circus performers. Trainers of animals go to the arenas of world circuses, and on the cinema screens and theatrical posters the name of Lev Durov, a popular artist, often appears.

Nadezhda Durova

Among the ancestors of the glorious dynasty is Nadezhda Durova, the heroine of the war of 1812, the legendary cavalry-girl. She was adjutant Kutuzov during the Patriotic War, in the Battle of Borodino received a concussion. In 1816 Nadezhda retired and settled in Petersburg. Then she moved to her father, and after his death - to his brother. Tired of boredom, Nadezhda began to analyze the records and decided to compose an autobiography. Vasily Andreevich, her brother, was acquainted with Alexander Pushkin. He advised to show the poet a manuscript. Pushkin highly appreciated the work and even undertook to publish it. The success was grandiose. Nadezhda Durova, immediately became popular, wrote 4 more volumes of short stories and stories, but her interest gradually began to subside. In recent years, she actively engaged in charity and even turned her house into a small menagerie. Hope picked up all the abandoned and sick animals that met on its way.

Speeches of Vladimir and Anatoly Durov

Her descendants adopted a love for animals. It's about Vladimir and Anatoly Durov. They are still boys ran away from home and created political clownery - a new trend in circus art.

At the end of the 19 th - the beginning of the 20th century. Came the flowering of creativity Durov. The arrival of Vladimir and Anatoly in the circus of any city at that time became a real event and caused panic for city governors and police chiefs. They were afraid of puns, witticisms and even posters of the Durov brothers.

Anatoly Durov - the founder of the dynasty

Anatoly, the founder of the Durov dynasty, practically did not demonstrate exotic and rare animals in the arena. In his program there were almost no numbers using complex training.

Elena Robertsovna, Anatoly's wife, performed in various genres on the arena. She showed numbers of riding, training, mnemotechnics. After Durov Anatoly Leonidovich died, she became the keeper of the house-museum of his name located in Voronezh. Anatoly Leonidovich did not want children to follow in his footsteps, because he knew from his own experience how humiliating the work of circus artists is. However, Anatoly, his son, began performances in the arena against his father's will. His name continued the Durov dynasty.

Anatoly Anatolyevich

The beginning of his career is the demonstration of a small number. The artist had only 4-5 dogs. Anatoly Anatolyevich Durov took the pseudonym "Tolya - the son of a celebrity," under which, in 1914, first appeared in the circus of the brothers Nikitin, while on tour in Ryazan. For the satirical attacks aimed at the military policy of the state, in the same year he was exiled to Vyatka province, in the city of Kotelnich.

AA Durov immediately welcomed the revolution that had begun. He was on tour in the Crimea. The White Guard authorities did not allow him to return to the Soviet Republic. Anatoly Anatolyevich went on tour abroad and only in 1925 came to his homeland. However, in 1926 the artist again went on tour. Anatoly died suddenly - he was struck by an accidental bullet on a hunt near Izhevsk in 1928.

Career of Vladimir Anatolyevich

Vladimir's grandson followed in the footsteps of his grandfather. Years of his life - 1909-1972. The Durov dynasty received in his person a new worthy successor. In Vladimir's attraction was a lot of accusatory character reprises, as well as satirical scenes. The clown often expressed his critical attitude to someone or something. Durov Vladimir Grigorievich received the honorary title of "People's Artist of the USSR".

Teresa Vasilyevna

The daughter of Maria Anatolyevna (who acted at the age of 6 on stage) and Milva Vasily Vasilyevich, a circus performer, Teresa, also decided to follow in the footsteps of her grandfather. She began to perform at the age of eight. First, Teresa helped her brothers and father: performed acrobatic numbers, went on a horse. After a while she decided to perform with her group of animals. Theresa showed comic numbers. In her performances, trained chanterelles, chickens, dogs and cats participated. Everyone believed that Teresa would not do anything, that she would disgrace the eminent family. Durov sincerely believed that training is a purely male thing. Theresa performed on market squares in the booths, in clubs, on the stage, in the factory shops. Durova Teresa Vasilyevna often went on tour to distant places. In order to feed themselves and animals, she had to work almost all day and night.

Once her chanter was bitten by a stray dog. A few days later she died. Gloomy people arrived in the truck. They said that the fox died of rabies, and then loaded all the other animals Teresa into the car and taken away. So the girl was left without work. The news of her trouble flew round all the circuses. Remittances were sent from colleagues from across the country.

Since then, Teresa, coming to the city, first of all was interested in whether there are pensioners and invalids in the circus. She paid hospital bills to one, and another helped to insert the glasses. "Soyuzgotsirk" eventually began to help little by little Teresa. They began to acquire something: a monkey, a zebra, a camel. Animals, however, took indiscriminately. There were also quite wild: the monkey bit Teresa, and the zebra broke the tamer's ribs. It was not easy with the pets Teresa. However, she subordinated them in the right way - caress.

Durova managed to tame even the elephant, who killed 5 animal trainers. She taught her to perform a trick that is considered fatal. The complexity of the room in which the elephant crosses through the trainer is that usually these animals drop an obstacle from their path or bypass it. With one wrong move, death occurs instantaneously. After the actress showed this number for the first time, she was reprimanded. The management of the circus banned this dangerous stunt. Nevertheless, it was for him that Teresa Vasilyevna was subsequently given the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR. All over the world, no one but her is performing this number. The Durov Dynasty is proud of its famous representative. She proved that women can train animals no worse than men.

Teresa Gannibalovna

The daughter of Theresa Durova Teresa Gurnibalovna Durova was born on October 3, 1953. She worked for 13 years with her mother, and then headed the clownery theater. In 2003, Teresa Gannibalovna received the title of People's Artist of Russia. This is another woman, whose name is known for the Durov dynasty.

Vladimir Leonidovich - the founder of the dynasty

Vladimir Leonidovich Durov (years of life - 1863-1934) - the founder of another dynasty. He sought to put on a scientific basis the art of dressing. Extremely wide was the creative range of the artist. He performed funny rooms for children, and was also a professor who studied the psyche of animals. Vladimir Leonidovich after the death of his brother, which occurred in 1916, refused touring. However, the Durovs are a circus dynasty, many of whose representatives invariably returned to the family occupation. And Vladimir Leonidovich was no exception. He settled with animals in Moscow. At the Old Bozhedomka, Vladimir opened a fun and educational institution called "VL Durov's Corner". Here, he conducted a series of experiments with animals, sought to penetrate deeper into the field of science about reflexes.

Durov, returning to the circus arena, wanted to see himself no longer as a satirist, a clown clown, but as a clown lecturer, scientist, propagandist. He believed that spreading knowledge is much more important for him. Now he paid more attention to the training of animals and the demonstration of laboratory experiments. However, his performances also reflected Durov's traditions. This manifested itself in the motley composition of animals, as well as in a special style of training, in which viewers get the impression that the actions and actions of animals are a conscious volitional act that arises in response to the treatment of the trainer.

The 50th anniversary of the artist's creative activity was celebrated in 1927. He also received the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR. Vladimir Leonidovich until the last day combined performances in the circus with activities in the Corner them. VL Durova.

Anna Vladimirovna

Durovs are a circus dynasty, many of whose representatives became known and received honorary titles. Anna Vladimirovna is one of such representatives of the family. At first she worked with her father. Anna Vladimirovna was a tamer of sea lions, and after her father died, headed the Corner of Beasts, becoming his artistic director. Anna Vladimirovna is the author and producer of numerous performances - Terem-Teremok, Bear and the trainer, etc. She was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR in 1965.

Natalia Vladimirovna

Natalia Vladimirovna, the other daughter of Vladimir Durov, worked on the stage and in the theater, and acted in film. However, little is known about her career today. She died in 1918, quite young.

Yuri Vladimirovich

The son of Natalia Vladimirovna Yuri Vladimirovich (years of life - 1909-1971) began his creative activity in the attraction of his grandfather - Vladimir Leonidovich. He helped him on rehearsals in the preparation of animals, and also served as an assistant during the speeches. Yuri Vladimirovich demonstrated a dog-mathematics, took part in some numbers. At the same time, he worked in the theater studio, directed by Yu. A. Zavadsky. After that, Yuri was an assistant in the attraction of Vladimir Grigorievich, his cousin. In 1935, he began to prepare his own attraction. The large-scale number was first created on a state basis. It was attended by animal trainer L. Ivanov, who died. Yuri always combined tricks with responses to important topics of the day, complemented by pathetic elements of humor and satire. Yuri spent a lot of time training elephants, sea lions. His attraction was constantly replenished with new animals: zebras, mongooses, ostriches, parrots, monkeys. Yuri Vladimirovich was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1971. He died the same year. The attraction was taken by Yuri Yurievich, his son.

Durova Natalya Yurevna

In the Durov dynasty in 1963, a new trainer appeared. They became Durova Natalia Yurievna (born in 1934). She graduated from the Literary Institute, managed to write several books, but still decided to go to the circus. Natalia Yurievna performed with a group of walruses, sea lions and monkeys. Verbal comments accompanied the display of animal tricks. Natalia Yurievna for her tireless work was awarded the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1989. She has been artistic director of the Corner since 1978. In 1982, the Corner was renamed and became now the Beast Theater. VL Durova. Some other representatives of the well-known dynasty work in it today.