Diesel burner: tuning, repair and operating principle

The main purpose of the burner in any heating equipment is to prepare the mixture and burn it. There are a lot of different burners. Some are used in solid fuel boilers, others work with liquid fuels. It is about the latter that we will talk. Let's figure out what a diesel burner is, where it is applied and what are its key features.

General information

The diesel burner is installed in heating equipment for which liquid fuel is used. In particular, it is a question of heavy oils, for example, working off or a diesel engine. Typically, these burners work in conjunction with outdoor equipment for domestic and industrial use. Often this type of heating is installed where there is no gas main. This is due to the fact that diesel fuel is much more expensive than natural gas, which, in fact, limits its scope and prevalence. In general, diesel boilers are no worse than conventional gas boilers. They have high efficiency, economy, good heat dissipation and can be completely automated. In order for the burner to work effectively, the system must maintain a constant pressure. Therefore, the compressor is installed, and for it is important to provide a stable source of energy, which is quite difficult for a number of reasons.

Diesel burner for the boiler: the principle of operation

Let's take a short look at how the burner works. From the tank, the diesel goes to the burner. To ensure the supply of fuel using a special pump, which is equipped with a return line, which is necessary for the circulation of fuel between the pump and the tank. In this case, the burner uses as much fuel as it needs, and the remnants return to the tank. But, before the diesel comes, it must pass through the filter and the heating element. At the first stage, the mechanical elements are cleaned, on the second stage, the fuel is heated to the optimum temperature.

Spraying in the combustion chamber is carried out by means of an atomizer. At the same time, air is pumped through the burner pipe. The shape of the torch is controlled by means of special blades that create an air vortex. Directly in front of the nozzle are installed electrodes, which ensure ignition of the mixture. So the diesel burner for the boiler works. The whole process is monitored with the help of automation devices.

Briefly on the classification of burners

Currently, manufacturers offer consumers three types of burners. All of them have design features and differ in cost. Therefore, all burners can be divided into the following groups:

• Single-stage - operate in 100% power mode without the possibility of adjustment;
• Two-stage - you can set the operating mode to 100 or 50%;
• Modulated - there are wide possibilities of power adjustment, it is usually a range from 10 to 100%.

The latter option is most preferable. This is due to the fact that it is possible to smoothly adjust the temperature of the coolant. But along with this, such devices are quite expensive and complex, because their repair must be performed by professionals. However, you do not need to adjust the diesel burners. And this is very important.

Setting up diesel burners

Often, the adjustment is carried out by specialists, but with the proper desire, the adjusting work can be done manually. If a single-stage burner is used, the work is done fairly quickly and simply. All manipulations are reduced to the fact that the supply of air and fuel is regulated to ensure a normal combustion. In this case, the mixture must be enriched. The quality of the flame is determined by eye. If the adjustment is carried out, a gas analyzer can be used to determine the content of CO and CO ₂ in the smoke. If the burner "stands", it is first of all necessary to check the contacts and the operability of the units as a whole and each separately. But setting up diesel burners with the possibility of power adjustment (modulating) is quite difficult, and special equipment will be needed for this.

How to start a new burner

If your old diesel burner is out of order and can not be repaired, a complete replacement will be required. Such work can be done with one's own hands. To do this, remove the old burner and check the integrity and quality of the injector. If it hammered, then it must be cleaned with compressed air or a thin metal object. Further, the preliminary position of the electrodes and the operability of the impeller are checked . The fan is checked manually. When working, there should be no unnecessary noise (friction, whistling) that will signal normal operation. Do not forget to tighten the cotter pin on the impeller. The next step is to inspect the furnace of the boiler. The burner is mounted on the door. All work must be done in sequential order according to the instructions. Do not forget that when you first start the burner on diesel fuel, you need to remove the fuel hose and start it idle. Well, now let's go further.

Making a burner with your own hands

Usually homemade burners are less economical than those manufactured by professionals, so be prepared to increase fuel consumption by 5-10%. Before you take into account, sketch the sketch and do not forget the dimensions of the furnace and ash-tray. If a single-stage diesel burner is manufactured by one's own hands, a monoblock design with supercharging is first done. It is desirable to purchase a package of mounting accessories with a housing and a cover for the burner. In this case, always consider the compatibility of the burner with the generator.

Making a burner with a compressor is more complicated, but effective. As a compressor, a conventional spray gun of Chinese manufacture is suitable. So fuel will be spent sparingly, and the quality of the mixture will be at the proper level, and you will have the opportunity to adjust the capacity of the equipment. If a diesel burner with its own hands is made qualitatively and reliably, then for others it will not pose any danger.

Repair of diesel burner

If you decide to carry out repair work with your own hands, then stock up with rags, since this is not the cleanest work. First, make sure that oxygen passes through the nozzle nozzle. It often happens that it is clogged, and the mixture is not enriched, resulting in a reduced quality of the torch. If the nozzles are cleaned, look at the filter. In case you need to replace it, do it. In addition, if waste oil is used, it is possible to contaminate the channel. It must be purged with compressed air, pre-draining the fuel from the hose. In principle, this is where the repair of diesel burners is limited. Sometimes it makes sense to check the condition of the electrodes. If mechanical damage or wear is noticed, it is better to change the part or the assembly.

A few important details

Many experts advise paying attention to burners when buying them. In particular, their power is important, which should exceed the furnace power of the boiler. In addition, it makes sense to pay attention to the type of adjustment. For household use, one- and two-stage burners are sufficient. But for a small boiler room, better modulated options are better. Some burners can not operate on several types of fuel. That is why when buying it is desirable to take care of the reserve fuel. Therefore, the burner should work equally well on diesel and on waste oil. For example, a good choice will be a diesel burner "Lamborghini", which is famous not only for its high reliability, but also for the possibility of using very different fuels.

Conclusion

So we talked with you about the peculiarities of diesel burners. As you can see, if necessary, you can make them yourself. If necessary, always on sale you will find a wide range of equipment you are interested in. Diesel burner "Lamborghini" ECO series allows not only to effectively heat the room, but also take care of the environment. In general, it is possible to talk about diesel heating as appropriate only if you have access to used oil. That is why such equipment is often installed in machine-building and other enterprises.