Diabetes mellitus: products with diabetes. Basic principles of diabetic nutrition

Any disease causes negative emotions in a person, especially if it can not be cured. Diabetes mellitus refers to chronic diseases that are not subject to complete cure, but with the right way of life, you can coexist with it for many more years. What is needed for this, we will now find out.

What is diabetes?

The disease, in which the pancreas can not control the production of insulin and the level of sugar in the blood, is called diabetes mellitus. There are two types of this disease, differing in types (first and second). They are different, but the result is the same - increase of sugar. This disease is dangerous because it can not be detected immediately, which prevents the beginning of support of the body, medication and nutrition in time. It should be noted that the disease has become noticeably younger in recent decades. If earlier it could meet in the elderly, now it can be found even in small children.

Diabetes mellitus (which foods can be consumed, we'll look at below) ranks third among the most complex and common diseases in the world. It affects the weak points of the body not immediately, but these processes are irreversible, so it is important to start supporting all systems as early as possible in order to prevent failures.

What should a person limit himself to in diabetes?

As soon as you have learned that your relatives (or, God forbid, you) have been diagnosed with this disease, you should not give up and assume that life ends. With a properly organized diet, sleep, exercise, your relatives (or you) will live a long and busy life.

To support the body, you need to ensure that the sugar level remains within the norm for diabetics (before meals: 3.8-7.2 mM / l, after eating - up to 10 mM / l). Such indicators can be achieved by following certain rules:

1. Proper nutrition. For such people there is a special diet, at first it is better to make a list of products for diabetes that will not increase the level of glucose.
2. Time to go to bed and wake up (for example, sleep from 10 pm to 7 am).
3. Avoid various trauma to the skin, as with this disease its regenerative properties deteriorate significantly.
4. Try not to overload yourself physically. Strong loads raise sugar in the blood.

Principles of nutrition in this disease

Since food is of great importance for the functioning of the human body, it pays special attention to the development of a regime for diabetics. In type 1 diabetes, patients can not do without medical injections and food that does not allow the ingestion of sugars into the body. A little different approach requires type 2 diabetes. The products should also be selected so that their glycemic index is low. It is also important to note that 1 type of disease allows a person to take almost all products, with only limited restrictions, and the second in terms of diet is more difficult. But you can quickly get used to such a diet and even begin to get pleasure from it.

Patients strictly need to adhere to the principles of diverse and fractional nutrition, this requires diabetes mellitus. Products in diabetes should contain a complex of vitamins and minerals, and also enter the body in small portions. Diabetics need to eat 4-5 times a day, not gorging.

Are cereals allowed for a diabetic patient?

To find out which cereals can not be used for food in this disease, the table of products for diabetes is not needed, they are easy to remember. This disease excludes the use of semolina and rice. Such products will significantly raise the level of sugar in the blood, so it is better to refrain from them. All other cereals can be eaten in normal amounts. Buckwheat, oatmeal and barley cereals are especially useful .

Bread and diary products for diabetics

There is an opinion that bread and its derivatives are unacceptable in case of a disease such as diabetes mellitus. Products in diabetes really should not contain easily digestible carbohydrates - it's baking, cakes, pastries, biscuits and bread made from flour of the highest grade. But the production of bakery products does not stand still, firms today are ready to provide a range of baked goods from other varieties of flour. A useful and necessary product is protein-cut or rye bread, bran buns. Reduce the consumption of bread is necessary, if on this day you decide to eat some legumes or lentils.

What foods with diabetes are undesirable? Meat

Many people think that in the use of various kinds of meat there is nothing shameful in this disease. But they forget that meat can be different in fat content, and too fatty foods badly harm the sick body. Yes, and low-fat varieties must come inward under control so that they can easily digest. Meat and fish products for diabetes are the following:

• A low-fat bird - a turkey, a dove, a young chicken;
• Meat with a low content of lipids - veal, rabbit;
• Low-fat varieties of fish - hake, pollock, pilengas.

Drinking beverages, juices and compotes

Diabetes mellitus (nutrition, products, menu planning, dietary prescriptions and other related illnesses) is a heavy burden for those who like to be pampered with alcoholic beverages. Alcohol is strictly prohibited in this disease. Many do not understand why. The answer is simple: 1 gram of pure alcohol contains 7 kcal, even moderate doses can trigger a rise in blood sugar.

Do not drink compotes and juices with a sugar content or those fruits in which there is a lot of glucose. Particularly contraindicated grape juice, pineapple, strawberry, raspberry. A good alternative to juices is a compote of dried fruits, of course, without the addition of sugar or honey. Preferred beverages are black, green tea or light coffee, a drink made of chicory. Sugar in hot drinks can be replaced with saccharin or other sweeteners.

Vegetables and fruits for patients with this disease

Not all fruits and vegetables can be consumed by people with a disease such as diabetes mellitus. Products in diabetes should be carefully monitored by the patient, so you need to know what kind of fruit is strictly unacceptable. As for vegetables, except for a few, they are allowed in any quantities.

Of fruits in unlimited quantities allowed to eat green apples and kiwi. All red and yellow fruits, unfortunately, can not be eaten. Ripe red fruits form a large amount of glucose. Categorically not allowed to eat figs, candied fruits, persimmons and peaches in such a disease as diabetes. Nutrition, foods need to be organized so that there is an opportunity to sometimes give the body a break from the monotony. In a limited amount, you should allow yourself plum, green pears, dried fruits, beets, potatoes and carrots.

Dairy products: can I eat?

We can not live without dairy products, as together with them we get many useful elements, the most important of which is calcium. Permitted products in diabetes mellitus contain many dairy products. But there are several nuances that need to be considered when using them.

• Milk should be low-fat, otherwise it needs to be diluted a little, the whole does not fit.
• Sour cream should not be used above 15% fat. If you do not, you can dilute with kefir.
• Kefir, curdled milk, whey, Aryan should also be checked for fat content. It should not exceed 2.5%.
• Ryazhenka should not be used very often, like yogurt. In the matter of yogurt, extreme caution is needed, because the purchased product in its composition has sugar and various fruit additives. It is better if it is made at home.
• Cottage cheese is useful for taking in food with a fat content of 0; 1; 5.

Are the eggs useful?

Everyone knows the benefits of eggs for the body. Scientists have proved that, along with the benefits, they can cause harm if misused. They contain cholesterol, which affects already weak blood vessels of people with diabetes. Products in diabetes should be as easy and assimilable as possible. For such people, chicken eggs can be consumed no more than 2 pieces per week. Another thing is quail eggs - this is a useful product for all people, including children. They activate brain activity, help to remove toxins from the body, and also normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract. But still, they should not be misused, because their calorie content has not been canceled.

Since this disease is very effective, primarily on the liver, the diet should include products that contain lipotropic substances. These are products such as soy, cottage cheese, oatmeal. With chicken, it is better to remove the skin, because it also has high cholesterol. In addition, you need to try to cook all the dishes for a couple, so all the useful substances and properties of the products remain.