Deferred tax assets and their accounting

If it is necessary to reduce the amount of tax that is payable within the current reporting period, deferred tax assets are used. They are by and large part of the deferred tax. The essence of this operation and the significance of these assets in connection with it is that their payment to the treasury does not have to come to the budget at the moment, it can be done in subsequent periods. Metrically, it looks like this: deferred tax assets are a temporary difference that is multiplied by the tax rate.

At an enterprise or in a company, such assets can be recognized only when these most deductible amounts are formed. In addition, it is necessary that the condition under which a profit probability in the subsequent period should exist with a high degree of probability should be fulfilled. In accounting, deferred tax assets include all deductible differences, without exception. In some cases, however, a situation can arise where the subtrahend difference can not be completely reduced or even eliminated during subsequent periods.

As noted, an important element of deferred assets is the index of the enterprise or company tax rate on profit. Its value is established in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. In addition, it also has a significant impact on the reporting date. Therefore, according to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, deferred tax assets are accounted for in a special account, which can be changed in accordance with when the deductible differences that have been considered arise from the enterprise or company.

In accounting, the deferred tax asset is reflected in account 09, which is created and designed specifically to summarize information on the availability of deferred assets and their transition. In this case, the rules require that the reflection be made in quantities that are determined by the product of the value of the subtrahend differences by the value of the tax rate.

In the debit of this account, deferred tax assets together with the credit of account 68 (tax calculations) make it possible to show the deferred asset, the amount of which naturally increases the value of the conditional income in a given period. The same regularity manifests itself in determining the amount of expenditure. This accounting parameter allows you to reflect either a full repayment, or the amount of partial reduction of the deferred assets at the moment within the current reporting period due to a decrease in the conditional income in the same period. The same can be said about the reflection of expenses.

If in practice the asset itself is retired, then in that case it will be debited from the credit of account 09. But this is possible only on the condition that the retired asset of the asset previously charged the deferred asset to debit account 99, which is designed to account for profits and losses . In the event that there is a need to make an analytical inventory of assets, then the classification types of these assets are taken into account, as well as the nature of those liabilities of the enterprise or company that led to the temporary difference. As practice shows, these deductible differences arise:

- when applying various methods of calculating certain indicators, primarily depreciation and profit tax;

- as a result of the use of unequal methods of recognition of commercial expenses;

- with surplus of the paid tax;

- in case of using different methods of recognizing the residual value ;

- in the presence of significant accounts payable.

All these indicators greatly complicate the accounting, but when they are taken into account, its quality is significantly improved.