Crossword is a good charging for the brain

In this article, let's talk about an amazing puzzle. Crossword: what does this word mean.

Meaning and origin

The word is borrowed from England and consists of two parts: cross (crossed, crossed) and word (word). Definitely to answer the question, where and when the first crossword puzzles appeared, it is impossible. Interesting puzzles, strongly reminiscent of modern, were found in place of Pompeii and dated to 1 century AD. Some sources say that analogues of the current crossword puzzles appeared in the middle of the XIX century in New York. For the title of the homeland of these puzzles, countries such as Britain, Italy and the United States of America also claim.

According to Efremova's dictionary, a crossword is a task that consists in filling the rows of cells with letters so that vertically and horizontally the words defined by the description are obtained.

Ozhegov interprets the meaning easier. Crossword is a game, a task in which a simple figure from empty cells is filled with words, the meaning of which is given by the condition of the game.

In the Russian Humanitarian Dictionary such a meaning is given. A crossword is a crossword, a puzzle consisting of interweaving rows of cells that are filled with words according to a given description or meaning.

Crossword Rules

When composing crossword puzzles, it is important to observe the following parameters:

• By the way, a brief, but at the same time, meaningful description or definition is given.
• The letters are written one by one into each cell of the field.
• The crossword puzzle should not have isolated areas.
• The answers must be nouns in the singular. The plural is used only if the single word is not used (for example, glasses).
• Each word-solution must intersect at least two times.

Types of crossword puzzles

In the American version, all cells are at the intersection of words. In this case, the authors often use abbreviations - abbreviations, which is not typical for other types.

Japanese crossword is different in that the black cells in it do not touch each other. The cells in the corner always remain white. Thus, the crossword has the form of a rectangle.

In the Scandinavian crossword (abbreviated as Scanword), instead of full and detailed descriptions, a brief definition is given, by association with which the word is guessed. You can replace the definitions with images and photos.

Hungarian crossword (filvoord) - a field of already filled with letters of cells. The person's task is to find words among these letters. At the same time, the answers should not overlap and have no common cells.

English crossword is like a filvo. It also consists of a field filled with letters, but the answers are always in the same direction, do not break and can have common letters. In both types of crossword puzzles at the end of the game there are letters from which the keyword is collected.

In the Estonian crossword, there are no empty cells. Among them, cells that do not belong to the same answer are delineated by a line.

There is another special crossword puzzle. What is a keyword or a keyword? The task of the keylogger is to restore the original crossword. In it, the letters are ciphered with the help of numbers, with each letter corresponding to a certain number.

Thus, a crossword puzzle is a puzzle, a puzzle that is created and filled in accordance with the rules and taking into account the kind of crossword puzzle.