Conditional tactical signs: classification

What are conventional tactical signs? What are they for? In the article we will answer these questions and not only. Tactical conventional signs are graphic images used to indicate on military maps, position charts, actions and plans of their army and enemy, deployment of defensive structures, combat equipment, communication lines, staffs, fences, airfields, rear facilities and other.

Plan

It is known that tactical signs are drawn on the map. Today, organizing combat operations of battalions and directing them during the battle, it is difficult for the commander to work without her on the ground.

A map with a combat (operational) situation, used by the commander (commander) in the process of command and control, is called his work card. It is one of the basic military documents with which the military leaders are engaged in military operations.

Each commander should always work on the prepared diagram, because then the problems can be solved very quickly. A properly made work card facilitates the work of the military in a combat situation. By the way, such a document can be used for a very long time.

Relative Symbols

Tactical signs must be known to every commander. The situation on the work card is a collection of conventional signs, inscriptions and abbreviations.

Conditional tactical signs and the attributes depicted by them are very important in the management of troops, as they reproduce the objective reality, that is, the combat situation. With the help of them you can see the nature of the actions, the deployment of battalions (area sizes), the number of means and forces, the aim of the maneuvers and the methods for achieving them.

Therefore, working with the map, it is necessary to remember that behind each conventional symbol lies a man, the combat vehicles of his army and the enemy.

Language of the Army

Tactical signs are a kind of the army's language, legalized instructions and battle statutes. Therefore, one must strictly observe the unambiguousness of their understanding, the precision of the application. The common system of these symbols is constantly evolving and changing. This is a natural phenomenon associated with the evolution of military equipment and methods of conducting combat operations by units and units of all types of armed forces.

Tactical signs should be simple and intuitive. They are obliged to ensure the possibility of using technical means to speed up the imposition of the situation on the map. In addition, they should not have a different content, they can not be interpreted in a variety of ways.

Signing

How are military tactical signs on the map? Linear semi-closed and closed symbols (the position of the troops, the boundaries of positions of false regions, boundaries for different purposes, etc.) are drawn on the plan, observing the scale. In view of this, they are often referred to as conventional scale marks.

Figured symbols of the correct geometric form (individual tanks), as well as some conventional composite signs consisting of textures and lines (communication facilities, command posts, some engineering structures and facilities, launchers, etc.) that are point targets are called extracartite , That is, drawn on the map without observing the dimensions.

Point targets marked with similar symbols on the diagram are applied so that the center of the sign was placed at the point of location of the object in the territory. The coordinates of this subject should be provided at the center of the marking when specifying goals or orienting the map.

The command post is drawn in such a way that the straight vertical line continuing one of the sides of the geometric configuration rests against its lower end at the point of the district where the command post is located. Tactical sign "Halt" looks the same - it is drawn on the route of the movement of troops with an indication of the distance from the initial boundary.

It should be remembered that when moving or attacking the west side (or defending the front, to the west), the CP symbol will be located to the right of the vertical line denoting its location and vice versa.

Setting the situation

The procedure for displaying a special or tactical situation on a map or another graphic document is called "applying the situation", and the complex of tactical conditional symbols is called "tactical conditions."

Complete application of the situation about the enemy looks like this:

• Infantry, tank, motorized infantry, artillery units with details to the gun, platoon;
• Placement of weapons of mass destruction with details to the missile launcher, a separate gun;
• The radiation state in the volume needed for action.

Inflicting conditions on their troops:

• Goals set by the senior manager;
• The position of battalions with details two degrees below their own level (for example, the regimental commander draws symbols of the mouth and battalions).

To mark the situation, the following colors are used:

• Basic - blue, red, black;
• Auxiliary - green, brown, yellow.

Use of other colors, as well as shades of basic or additional colors are not allowed.

Compliance with the rules

Tactical signs of the RF Armed Forces are of interest to many people. In order to master the art of working a working card, you must observe the accepted conditional abbreviations, inscriptions and designations. They are used to speed up the imposition of the situation on the plan and create combat documents.

It is important to know these abbreviations and apply them correctly, because often an incorrectly written letter radically changes the meaning of the tag and can deform the data. For example, in the briefing there are stipulations for abbreviations: tr - tank company and TR - tactical missile.

If uncomprehensible indexes prepared by edifications and charters are used, their significance should be explained on the margins of the document or in the legend to it.

Topographic signs

Each serviceman should know the tactical signs of the Russian Federation. Studying the territory on the map, it is viewed synchronously as if in two plans:

1. Imagine the features and appearance of the surface of the Earth by its contour lines.
2. Find out the presence and nature of the area located on it.

These objects are drawn on the charts with conditional topographical symbols. All local subjects depicted on topographic maps are divided into such basic groups, each of which has its own system of relational markers:

• settlements;
• Soil and vegetation cover;
• hydrography;
• Local isolated objects-landmarks;
• Socio-cultural, industrial and agricultural facilities;
• Road network;
• Administrative fences and borders.

Relative symbols accepted for different objects of the territory are indicated in special tables, which are typical. They are mandatory for all departments and ministries of Russia, which produce topographic maps. For each homogeneous class of local objects (for example, for roads, bridges, settlements), a common symbol defining the genus of the object is established.

If a given class of neighborhood objects has several sample versions, then the base symbol is partially complemented or modified to display them.

Types of Relative Characters

Tactical signs of the Armed Forces of Russia on their purpose and properties are divided into the following types:

• Large-scale;
• Explanatory;
• Scale.

Scale marks

So, you already know what the classification of tactical conventional signs is. Contour (scale) conditional symbols are used to mark local objects whose dimensions can be defined on the map. For example, the area of a marsh, a settlement, a forest.

Each relational scale symbol is composed of a contour - the border of the area of the given object, and filling it with uniform marks in its design, called filling symbols.

All contours on the map are drawn exactly on a scale with preservation of their similarity and orientation to the actual real silhouettes in the territory. They are dotted if they do not coincide with other lines on the terrain (roads, ditches, fences), which are drawn by other signs.

Off-scale signs

What are the main tactical signs, we have already found out. And what are non-scale conditional symbols? These are the signs necessary for the outline of local small objects that do not translate into map scale, isolated elements, wells, houses, and so on. When reproducing such an object on a scale, a dot would appear on the map.

A relativistic extra-scale symbol includes this, as it were, the leading point that accurately transmits the position of the object, and its essence indicates its picture.

This is the primary point:

• For symbols with a right angle at the bottom - at the top of the corner;
• For labels of a symmetrical shape (asterisk, square, circle, rectangle) - in the center of the figure;
• Characters in the form of a figure with a broad base - at the center of the basis;
• Symbols that are a combination of several images - in the center of the bottom image.

These leading points are used for accurate measurements on a map of distances between objects and when their coordinates are extended.

Measurement on the map

Relative conditional marks include symbols of roads, streams and other local linear objects, in which only the length is expressed in scale (the width of the map can not be measured). Their exact placement on the document is guessed by the middle (longitudinal axis) of the sign. It should be remembered that local small objects (free-standing objects, trees, wells, etc.) are applied with extra-scale marks, and larger ones (rivers, settlements, etc.) - depending on the range of the chart, with extensional and contour symbols.

Off-scale labels can not specify the size of objects or the area they occupy, so it is impossible, for example, to measure the width of the bridge on the map.

Interpretive Characters

Relative explanatory signs are used to display varieties of items and their additional characteristics. For example, the arrow on the river shows the direction of the current, the figure of a deciduous or coniferous tree inside the contour of the forest - the dominant tree species in it, and so on.

Identification marks for military vehicles

Tactical sign in technology plays a very large role. To distinguish their military vehicles and to identify their belonging to the unit, units, they are depicted conditional numbers and identification symbols.

Tactical sign of the part (connection) is a geometric figure drawn in the form of a square, circle, rectangle, triangle, diamond and so on. The number of variants of these signs needed to be increased. Therefore, today it is allowed to apply lines inside them in different directions, letters, numbers, drawings of trees and their leaves. Sometimes one part of the label is simply painted over. Such signs of the unit (connection) are appointed by the senior chief and are periodically changed.

Conditional numbers represent a three-digit number. For a certain period, the commander of the connection of each military unit allocates a couple of hundred numbers. For example, 200-288 or 700-555. The commander of the military unit establishes the order of the numbering of combat vehicles. In this case, for the same technique, it is allowed to repeat the same numbers.

Applying signs to equipment

The identification tactical sign is drawn on the left and right sides of the machine (the sides of the tower) in front of the relational number. In connection with the presence of open areas of the sides (towers) it is allowed to apply it along the movement of the military machine before the conventional number.

In the summer, these labels are painted with white paint, and in winter or during desert operations, when military equipment has a masking coloring, black (red).

Figures of the conditional number are drawn in height of 20-40 cm, depending on the constructive qualities of military equipment. Their width is two thirds of the height. The parameters of the tactical symbol must be at least two-thirds the height of the digits of the relational number, but not more than them. The thickness of the lines of these marks is one sixth of their height.

Practice

In areas where there were real divisions, and where the exercises were conducted, tactical symbols were assigned, which in accordance with the Charter were geometric figures. Each division was assigned one definite sign, inside of which figures, letters, points, sectors, lines representing a separate division battalion, regiment were put.

Although the rules did not prohibit drawing symbols inside the symbols, but in practice this was not encountered. These images after the exercises and remained on the technique, turning for soldiers into permanent identification marks. Most often they served for several years from teaching to teaching.

The charter obliged to depict the number on both sides of the tower (on two sides) and on the back of it (the stern of the car). But more often it was applied only to the so-called "shooting machines", which were used for training on training firing. This is due to the fact that it is difficult for the leader of maneuvers without such a number to find out from the command tower where the machine is.

But already during the Afghan war, it was necessary to remove not only the insolent symbols of the Guards and Special Forces, but also ordinary signs, from the armor. In the Chechen war, even on planes and helicopters painted over the rooms. Colored bright spots unmask technique and help the enemy to recognize, search and focus fire on it.