Classes around the world in the preparatory group. Acquaintance with the outside world

A little man who has just appeared, without knowing it himself, begins to get acquainted with his environment: the baby sees his mother for the first time, hears sounds, feels heat and comprehends many other unknown secrets around him. Every year such knowledge becomes deeper, and the methods of research are more difficult. Undoubtedly, the guides in this process of discovering the world become adults as children. In the first years of life, these are parents and people from the immediate environment, and starting from the toddler age, the disclosure of "secrets" around the baby is a professional task for pre-school and out-of-school caregivers. In this regard, kindergartens are included in the curriculum of the environment. The preparatory group pays special attention to this section of the program. We will tell you what features the educator should take into account when working with this age category and how to implement the set educational tasks.

Objectives of classes in the surrounding world

If previously there were set clear limits and goals that the educator had to perform in his professional activity, then with the introduction of the federal state educational standard, the situation changed to the accuracy of the current situation. Today the teacher's task is not so much to give concrete knowledge to children, how much to develop in their pupils cognitive activity, the ability to explore, analyze, generalize knowledge. Accordingly, now they are taking the creative form of studying the world around them in the preparatory group. Acquaintance with nature is conducted in such a way that children become active participants in the "discovery" of new information.

Let's explain on the example of classes on the surrounding world on the theme: "Autumn". If earlier it was enough to show the children pictures of fall leaves, rain, tell about changes in the life of animals and people at this time of year, today the most effective form of conducting such a lesson will be an excursion in which children independently (under the unobtrusive guidance of the educator) will determine the changes in the surrounding Environment. For example, they will collect bunches of fallen leaves (which can then be used to consolidate knowledge in aesthetic exercises), measure the temperature of the air with a thermometer, observe the behavior of birds, insects, and much more.

The role of classes in the environment in the preparatory group

Classes around the world in the preparatory group occupy an important place in the entire educational process. This is due not only to maximize the preparation of future first-graders for independent activity and orientation in the school community, but also with the increased capabilities of the children themselves. And today, educators are given ample opportunities to choose methods and techniques for submitting material, and their pupils are active participants in cognition.

Integration of knowledge

Classes around the world in the preparatory group - this is a wide range of very different knowledge. Since the age of three, children are beginning to take an active interest in everything that happens around them. That's why at this age children are called "why". For the students of the preparatory group, the knowledge of the environment is also very important. Grown up children can already independently learn and unravel the secrets of the unknown. The task of the educator at this stage is to develop curiosity, cognitive activity, direct the kids to the right conclusions and conclusions, and directly coordinate the process of cognition.

Conducting on such topics classes on the world around the preparatory group:

1. Acquaintance with animals and plants.
2. Seasons, months, days of the week. Time.
3. The space around us. Elementary geographical knowledge. Space.
4. Subjects and their purpose. Professions.
5. Sensorics. Direction. Orientation in space.
6. Society: kindergarten, family, country.
7. The concept of self.
8. Man's labor activity.
9. Self-service.
10. Etiquette.
11. Aesthetic development.
12. Speech and communication.

Every day, staying in preschool, the child discovers something new from the above areas of knowledge, fixing and expanding the already available baggage of information about the world around.

Recommendations for classes

In the preparatory group, you should choose methods and techniques other than in the younger groups. This recommendation is related to the age characteristics of children, as well as the goals of the educational and upbringing program.

During classes around the world, the students, as they say, do not sit still. Therefore, such forms of conducting classes as walking, excursion, traveling, research, experiment, game-quest are effective and interesting for children. As an example, one can cite lessons on the surrounding world in the preparatory group on the topic: "Autumn". You can think of "stations", which are fed with information and tasks for a particular phenomenon: rain, leaf fall, animal behavior in the fall, people's work.

The resulting knowledge is required to be fixed in the future not only in other occupations (for example, on the theme "Autumn" in the art class draw a leaf fall or perform an application), but also applying practical skills (children every morning measure the air temperature, keep the rain diaries etc.).

Formation of ecological representations

Before the teacher there is a task to educate children responsible and responsible attitude to the surrounding world and living nature. To realize such goals, an important aspect is the availability of the necessary material and technical equipment in the group. In addition to the methodological material, it is recommended to create a "wildlife corner" together with children. Thanks to him, the pupils will not only daily watch with great pleasure animals and plants, learn to care for and protect, but also practice in communication, interaction in the team, form friendship.

A corner of nature on a walk

On a walk, you can organize the cultivation of a flower bed or garden, build a birdhouse and feed birds. Children gain knowledge at ease and naturally through this form of teaching the world around the preparatory group. Acquaintance with the secrets of wildlife is carried out by practical methods, enabling the child to show his skills and abilities, to realize himself.

Forms of training

In kindergartens, various forms of conducting classes around the world are used: individual, frontal and group. So, for example, you can observe the behavior of fish in an aquarium all together, and only a few people will be responsible for watering flowers on the same day, on duty, one child can be given the task of feeding.

The development of speech in the classroom around the world

The development of correct literate speech is the universal task of the educational program of the kindergarten. We should not forget about this aspect and in the classroom around the world. Today, thanks to technological development, the educator can easily find literary works of different genres and corresponding to any topic.

The main forms are poems and fairy tales. So, classes are held around the world in the preparatory for the development of speech with the use of simple for remembering poetic forms, which children immediately learn by heart. And, therefore, the material is absorbed faster, more natural and remembered for a long time. An interesting form is rhymed outdoor games or theater environmental performances.

In the classes around the world for the preparatory group, the vocabulary of children should be expanded: to introduce new terms for pupils, to include adjectives and complex sentences. You can invite children to describe the nature around or the flower seen on the street, while asking the kids to use different forms of words, phrases and sentences. For example, suggest such a game in the ball: the children become in a circle; Passing the ball to a neighbor, you need to answer the teacher's question about what the weather is today (sunny, clear, rainy, gloomy, cool, windy, etc.).

Aesthetic and artistic development

Undoubtedly, the knowledge of the surrounding world is expressed in aesthetic and artistic manifestation. In addition, in this way, previous studies of the surrounding world in the preparatory group are consolidated. Introduction to drawing, appliqué and modeling are thematically related to cognitive material. In this case, children develop aesthetic abilities, fine motor skills (which, in turn, is directly related to speech), an individual worldview is formed, self-realization and self-expression of the child.

Work experience

Despite the fact that according to the GEF is not recommended for children to conduct employment, most teachers tend to believe that such a process disciplines, develops and trains simultaneously. Indeed, watering flowers, the child not so much "worked" physically, how much he showed concern for living nature, realized himself in independent activity, received the encouragement of the collective. It is important only to pay attention to the fact that the activity gives pleasure to the child, was not forced, and certainly was not a means of blaming. If the tutor demands that the child be removed in an authoritarian tone, such as an overturned bread, then there will be little or no benefit to such activities. The same situation can be solved in a completely different way. For example, on the same day, conduct an occupation around the world on the topic: "How to grow bread?"

Classes around the world in the preparatory group of the kindergarten is a creative process, each educator chooses the appropriate methods and techniques for working with his children. It is important to give children the opportunity to express feelings, experiences. Let the little ones "touch" nature with heart and soul, then only it is possible to achieve the tasks assigned to education.