Bylina "Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber": analysis, characterization of heroes and description

Bylina "Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber", the analysis of which is the subject of this review, tells about the times of Kievan Rus. The cycle of works about this hero was very popular among the Russian people, and is now included in the school program on literature. These works of oral folk art reflect the historical realities of Ancient Rus, so they are interesting not only from the artistic point of view, but also from the literary point of view.

Introduction

One of the most famous songs about the heroes is the epic "Ilya of Murom and Nightingale the Robber". The analysis of this folk composition should include both a review of literary techniques and a description of the historical context of the narrative. The legend begins with a description of the journey that the hero made to the capital city of Kiev. Defending the morning church service in Murom, he decided to catch up with the mass in the capital. His description fully corresponds to the language of folklore songs. Bogatyr is called a remote, mighty, glorious warrior. The next few lines are devoted to the places in which he acts. Students should concentrate on describing the neighborhoods of the city of Chernigov, where, according to an unknown author, there is a black force.

Description of the forest

Compressed, but a detailed description of events is different epic "Ilya of Murom and Nightingale the Robber". Analysis of the ancient song should include a detailed analysis of nature, which will allow students to better understand the situation in which the main event of the work occurred. The unknown author uses colorful hints, telling that on the path near the town no one walks on foot and does not ride on a horse, and even animals and birds do not live here. These epithets, listed in song form, perfectly convey the gloomy atmosphere of the dense forest that the hero is passing through. Then follows one of the important moments in the work: this description of the battle of the hero with the enemy.

The image of the hero in battle

Bylina "Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber", the analysis of which, following the composition of the song, should be divided into several semantic parts, emphasizes the military exploits of the hero. In the lines devoted to the battle, the author repeats the word "force" several times, using it in different ways, wishing to express in the most expressive form the might of the enemy army, which the hero has beaten. In an effort to emphasize the feat of the character, he talks in detail about how the warrior destroyed the enemy, beating him, trampling him with a horse and kills with his spear.

Disclosure of the character in conversation with residents

Analysis of the epic "Ilya of Murom and the Nightingale the Robber" must continue to thoroughly analyze the behavior of the hero during a conversation with the Chernigovians, who, for his military feat, asked him to become their voivode. Here it is necessary to note the historical realities reflected in the song: the title of voevoda at the time was military, in its function was the duty of defending and protecting the city from enemy attacks, sieges, the conduct of troops in battle or the organization of the people's militia. Therefore, such a request from the residents means recognition of his military merits and military valor. The analysis of the epic "Ilya of Murom and the Nightingale the Robber" should include the disclosure of the character of the hero through his speech, language. He speaks simple folk language, his words sound familiar to the reader's song epithets, which brings him closer to the simple peasants from the city of Chernigov. The second important point in this scene is the straightforwardness and modesty of the hero. The warrior does not talk about his exploits, about the danger that awaits him on his way to Kiev, he is only interested in the way to the capital, and he asks interlocutors to explain to him the way.

The first mention of a negative hero

To understand the peculiarities of folk Russian creativity, the description of the bylina "Ilya of Murom and the Nightingale the Robber" allows. It reflected the historical thinking of Old Russian society, in particular, how people of that time imagined the enemies of their native land. Therefore, despite the fabulous and fantastic appearance and behavior of the villain, it undoubtedly discerns the collective image of the enemies with whom the ancient princes with their brave warriors fought over the borders of the young state. From the story of the inhabitants of Chernigov, the reader first gets an idea of what the future main opponent of the hero looks like. Characteristics of the epics "Ilya of Murom and Nightingale the Robber" will help students understand the features of the vision of the Russian people by the enemy: he whistles like a bird and growls like an animal, lives in an oak tree, and from his screams all nature literally shudders, and the traveler dies.

Character of the hero in battle

The central place in the work is occupied by the battle scene between the hero and villain. In this case, it is necessary to draw the attention of schoolchildren to the behavior of two wrestlers. An unknown author describes the slowness of the actions of the hero, who slowly took a bow, put an arrow in it, carefully aimed and knocked out the enemy's eyes. Thanks to this calm and measured narrative epic "Ilya Muromets and Nightingale the Robber" epic sounds epic. Characteristics of the heroes are fully revealed in this confrontation. And if the main character keeps calmly, confidently, firmly, then his opponent, on the contrary, acts dodgy, like an animal. No wonder he is endowed with animal traits: he whistles like a bird, screams like a wolf. This contrast emphasizes the students' attention to the courage of the hero and the brigand's savagery.

Occurrence in the field

Then the epic narrates how the villain's relatives wanted to free him. It turned out that the Nightingale had daughters who ordered their husbands and sons-in-law to overtake the knight in the field. The author focuses attention on the huge number of enemy gatherings. Here it is necessary to point out to schoolchildren the fact that they did not even manage to try to take away the booty from the hero. Thus, the epic, as it were, emphasizes that it is useless to fight with him, and if he has won, no enemy force will be able to take over him.

In the city of Kiev

The next important moment in the work is a description of the capital, where the hero came with his terrible but defeated prisoner. In this scene, the historical realities of life of that time were reflected. The reader is faced with pictures of urban life, princely chambers, mansions, courtyard, retinue, brave squad. One of the main places in this scene is Prince Vladimir Krasnoe Solnyshko, favorite hero of folk tales. It was to him in the palace that the hero comes and talks about his feat. Listeners are amazed at what was said, and then Ilya Muromets leads them to the courtyard where his associated enemy is. He orders him to demonstrate his power, and then the villain again whistles and screams like an animal in the presence of the prince and his squad. Then the chief chop off his head. Comparative analysis of the bylinas "Ilya of Murom and Nightingale the Robber" with other works about this hero shows that this beloved national character was described differently in songs. He is called an old, glorious Cossack, a brave warrior or a simple villager. However, the main feature of this hero is an unshakable strength and readiness to disinterestedly protect the Russian land from enemies with a red thread passing through a cycle of legends about him.