Borodino battle of 1812: briefly about the main

The Borodino battle of 1812 is a battle that lasted only one day, but survived in the history of the planet among the most important world events. Napoleon made this strike, hoping to quickly conquer the Russian Empire, but his plans were not to come true. It is believed that it was the Battle of Borodino that was the first stage of the fall of the famous conqueror. What is known about the battle, which glorified in his famous work Lermontov?

The Battle of Borodino of 1812: prehistory

This was the time when Bonaparte's forces had already managed to subdue almost the entire continental Europe, the power of the emperor spread even to Africa. He himself stressed in conversations with his entourage that in order to gain world domination, he only had to gain control over the Russian lands.

To conquer the Russian territory, he assembled an army, numbering about 600 thousand people. The army was swiftly moving deeper into the state. However, Napoleon's soldiers died one after another under the impact of peasant militias, their health worsened, due to unusually heavy climate and poor nutrition. Nevertheless, the advance of the army continued, the French aim was the capital.

The bloody battle of Borodino in 1812 became part of the tactics used by Russian generals. They weakened the enemy's army with minor battles, waiting for time for a decisive blow.

Main stages

The Battle of Borodino of 1812 was in fact a chain consisting of several encounters with French troops, which resulted in huge losses on both sides. The first was a battle for the village of Borodino, which is located about 125 km from Moscow. On the Russian side, the Jaeger regiments de Tolly participated in it, and the corps of Bogarne from the enemy side.

The Battle of Borodino in 1812 was in full swing when the battle for Bagration's flushes took place . It involved 15 divisions of French marshals and two Russians, ruled by Vorontsov and Neverovsky. At this stage, Bagration received a heavy wound, which forced him to instruct Konovnitsynu.

By the time the Russian soldiers left flushes, the Battle of Borodino (about 1812) continued for about 14 hours. A brief summary of further events: the Russians are located behind the Semenov ravine, where the third battle takes place. Its participants are people who attacked flushes and defended them. The French received reinforcements, which became the cavalry, which was under the leadership of Nansuti. The cavalry of Uvarov hastened to the aid of the Russian troops, and the Cossacks, under the command of Platov, also approached.

Rayevsky's battery

Separately, it is worth considering the final stage of such an event as the Battle of Borodino (1812). Summary: The battles for Rayevsky's battery, which went down in history as "the tomb of the French cavalry," lasted about 7 hours. This place really became a grave for the many Bonaparte soldiers.

Historians are still puzzled why the forces of the Russian army left the Shevadinsky redoubt. It is possible that the commander-in-chief deliberately opened the left flank in order to divert the attention of the enemy from the right. His goal was to protect the new Smolensk road, taking advantage of which, Napoleon's army would quickly approach Moscow.

A lot of important documents for history have been saved, shedding light on such an event as the war of 1812. The battle of Borodino is mentioned in a letter which, before its beginning, was sent to Kutuzov by the Russian emperor. The commander informed the tsar that the terrain features (open fields) would provide the Russian troops with optimal positions.

One Hundred Minute

The Battle of Borodino (1812) is briefly and extensively covered in so many historical sources that it seems that it was very long in time. In fact, the battle, which began on September 7 at half past five in the morning, lasted less than 24 hours. Of course, it turned out to be among the most bloody among all the short-lived battles.

It's not a secret for anyone how many lives the World War of 1812 took. The Battle of Borodino made its bloody mite. The exact number of killed historians could not be established, called 80-100 thousand dead on both sides. Counting shows that every minute to the next world sent at least a hundred soldiers.

Heroes

Many warlords gave the deserved fame of the Patriotic War of 1812. The battle of Borodino, of course, perpetuated a man like Kutuzov. By the way, Mikhail Illarionovich was not yet a gray-haired old man, who does not have one eye open. At the time of the battle, he was still an energetic, though aging man, and did not wear his own brand-name bandage.

Of course, Kutuzov was not the only hero who glorified Borodino. Together with him, Bagration, Raevsky, de Tolly entered the history. It is interesting that the last of them did not enjoy authority in the troops, although he was the author of the brilliant idea to expose the guerrilla forces against the enemy army. If you believe the legend, during the battle of Borodino, the general lost horses three times, which died under a flurry of shells and bullets, but he himself remained unscathed.

For whom there was a victory

Perhaps this issue remains the main intrigue of a bloody battle, as both parties involved in it have their own opinion on this matter. French historians are convinced that the great victory that day was won by Napoleon's troops. Russian scientists insist on the opposite, their theory was backed by Alexander the First, who proclaimed the Battle of Borodino an absolute victory for Russia. By the way, it was after him that Kutuzov was given the rank of general-field marshal.

It is known that Bonaparte was not satisfied with the reports that his commanders had provided. The number of discarded Russian guns was minimal, as was the number of prisoners the retreating army took with them. It is believed that the conqueror was finally suppressed by the morale of the enemy.

What to read about the Battle of Borodino

The large-scale battle, which began September 7 near the village of Borodino, for two centuries inspired writers, poets, artists, and then the directors who covered it in their works. You can recall the picture "Hussar ballad", and the famous creation of Lermontov, which is now taught in the school.

What actually was and what turned the Borodino battle of 1812 for the Russians and the French? Buntman, Eidelman are historians who created a laconic and precise text that illuminates in detail the bloody battle. Critics praise this work for the irreproachable knowledge of the era, vivid images of the heroes of the battle (and on that and on the other hand), through which all events are easy to imagine in the imagination. The book should be read by those who are seriously interested in history and military affairs.