Benign tumor - fibroids of the uterus. Basic principles of its treatment

Fibromioma of the uterus is a benign tumor that is localized in myometrium. A single cause that causes this disease has not yet been established. Studies have shown that one of such causes can be hormonal dysfunctionality (diseases of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and ovaries). An important role in the development of the disease is played by the hereditary factor, as well as chronic inflammation of the genital organs and the transferred abortion. In women who postpone pregnancy to a later age, this pathology is recorded more often. Therefore, many specialists call this disease "a disease of female careerism."

Nodal fibromyoma of the uterus is characterized by the formation of nodes in the myometrium, which eventually grow in different directions. As a rule, multiple neoplasms are recorded, less often submucous (growth of nodes inside the uterus) and subserous (with the growth of the nodes outwards). Sometimes there are cases when myopathic nodes also affect the cervix.

Fibromyoma of the uterus: symptoms

Symptomatic fibromyoma may manifest itself in different ways. First of all, it is related to the growth and size of the tumor, its location and other factors. Very often the signs of the disease are manifested in the form of pain in the lower abdomen, lower back and pelvis, frequent urination and constipation, heavy bleeding during the menstrual period. All this can cause infertility and miscarriages. Fibromioma of the uterus can grow up to the size of a soccer ball. Many patients complain of profuse and prolonged menstruation. Very often the submucosal form of fibroids is accompanied by bleeding, which is not associated with menstruation. According to statistics, about 2% of fibroma are degenerated into sarcomas (malignant tumors).

Fibromyoma of the uterus: treatment

To treat this disease, conservative and surgical methods can be used. Treatment of fibromioma, like any disease, it is better to start at the first stages of development, until the tumor has reached critical dimensions and does not threaten the vital functions of organs located in the small pelvis. The conservative method of treatment with the use of hormone therapy is aimed at preventing the development and growth of the tumor, as well as reducing its size and arresting the main signs of the disease. Conservative therapy can be used for small sizes of uterine fibroids (up to 12-14 weeks) if the tumor develops with mild signs of disease and without bleeding. Good results are obtained with the appointment of the intrauterine hormonal system Mirena. An important factor in the treatment of uterine fibroids is pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy with the use of vitamins, sedatives and phytopreparations. Fibromyoma of the uterus is quite common, especially in women after thirty-five years. Yet it must be said that in our country a more effective method of combating this disease is hysterectomy, that is, surgical intervention with the removal of the entire organ (uterus). Statistics show that most such operations are conducted in connection with fibroid. In modern medicine, there is a non-surgical, minimally invasive treatment of benign uterine tumors. Doctors say that the removal of fibroids should be done in the case when the non-surgical treatment is ineffective, as well as in the case of progression of tumor growth, which can be transformed from benign to malignant. In recent years in many highly developed countries for the treatment of fibroids have embolization of the uterine arteries. In the CIS countries this method is still little known. Nevertheless, the number of medical institutions that use this method of treatment is steadily increasing every year. Embolization of uterine arteries is a modern alternative to traumatic hysterectomy, which is increasingly gaining the trust of patients.

Prevention of fibroids is the use of modern contraceptives. With hormonal disorders, it is necessary to make timely correction, regularly undergo an examination with a gynecologist.