Automated system is ... Automated design systems

AIS, or information automated system, is a combination of computer hardware, software, configured to perform specific information and analytical work, which includes communication, calculation, distribution, processing and storage of information. These complexes include computers, word processing systems, network settings and other data processing systems in electronic form, as well as related equipment. Automated control systems are a general example of AIS.

The essence of AIS

Automation follows the principles of mechanization, that is, its implementation depends on devices for performing functions, many of which were first performed manually. Mechanization can be seen as a step between manual labor and automation: it eliminates the need for physical labor, but operators are still required to monitor the operation of machines, and also to provide maintenance and feedback. The creation of an automated system, in turn, eliminated the need for human participation, since there was feedback and self-managed programs. The result of this process is the emergence of an autonomous system of machines that can perform the task to the full without the participation of people.

Automated control systems were quickly integrated into numerous industries and services: from production tasks to processing telephone exchanges. In everyday life, a person encounters them every time when using, for example, an ATM.

Varieties of AIS

The level of dependence of modern people on management systems is very high, since they are entrusted with numerous functions: financial management, telephone calls, work computers and so on.

Since the range of applications is so wide, it is not surprising that every automated system is a unique phenomenon. Depending on the particular function being performed, one of several different tools can be the basis of the AIS: a neural artificial network, a human-machine interface, a distributed control system, a supervisory control and data collection or a logical programmable controller.

Artificial neural network

This tool can be represented as a mathematical or computational model, the principle of functioning of which is similar to the action of biological neurons. The structure of the network is adaptive. This means that it can vary depending on the internal or external exchange of information in it.

Neural artificial networks are used to identify models in a data stream and classify relationships (for example, to recognize sequences). Applications based on this tool include spam filtering in e-mail, pattern recognition in systems (radar, for example), pattern recognition in speech, movements and text, and automated financial systems.

Distributed control system

It is a tool that contains separate controls within the whole system. Control elements, as a rule, are distributed depending on in which part of the complex monitoring is needed. This means that each element is connected to others in the network by means of a special connection, thanks to which the automated systems are provided. Such AIS, as a rule, is used in production processes more often in cases where the action or production is carried out continuously.

Controllers can be defined for each process individually and can manipulate them to improve or control the operation of the machine. Traffic lights, as a rule, are controlled by distributed control systems. These instruments can also be used in the field of oil refining and power generation at a central station.

Human Machine Interface

Typically, these tools are called the user interface. In other words, it is the processed automated information, the control system of which depends on human interaction with it. This is required in order for it to function fully. A person will perform certain actions, and the system, in turn, will produce a result that coincides with the intent of the user. To ensure the operability of this complex, users should have access to AIS and the means by which it can be managed.

For example, ATMs are designed in such a way that people can easily determine what the system should do at one time or another, how to respond and provide relevant results. Buttons that are responsible for input or output of funds, provide the user with an easy way to initiate a chain of commands within the internal system.

Dispatch control and data collection

Data collection and dispatch control (SCADA) is a major tool through which a global automated accounting system can function. Typically, this is an industrial control network, often consisting of several subsystems, including systems with a user interface and connected to them remote devices that translate incoming signals into acceptable data. These AIS can work together to control the entire production site or even a whole region, combining data from several different manufacturers into one.

SCADA-systems are very similar to distributed control systems, and it can often be difficult to find a difference between them. The main difference lies in the fact that SCADA-systems are not responsible for monitoring each process in real time, but only coordinate them.

Logic Programmable Controllers

These are real-time system tools. At the heart of their work lie the established time frame and time frame in which the desired result is to be achieved. At its core, such an automated system is a computer that manages production machines in the industrial field. Such equipment most often has many possibilities, for example, a variety of temperature ranges and input and output parameters, as well as the ability to overcome unfavorable conditions. Logic programmable controllers can be used to program various applications that are operated from day to day. As an example, any park of attractions can perform.

How work is performed in automated systems

The use of AIS can be very useful for both government agencies and private companies. The process of rapid information dissemination with the help of an automated system helps save a lot of time, thus providing savings in a wide variety of spheres of life.

The automated information system is one of the indispensable means of organizing data in various archives and libraries. This is especially useful when you need to find certain information.

In a private business, an automated information system can also be very important, especially when it comes to sales and working with customers. For example, businesses that conduct mass marketing campaigns by phone can use AIS to track customers. Some such systems are able not only to dial the number, but also to ensure sales in an automatic mode. In other cases, the settings of the telephone network will direct the calls directly to the user. A certain type of automated system can also be used to record staff time and payroll.

AIS for business and accounting

As a well-known example AIS can be considered as specialized software intended for use on office and home PCs. The most famous are the economic and accounting applications.

Software designed to monitor business processes is often configured in such a way as to ensure easy cross-posting of receivables and payables. This functionality eliminates the need to enter several postings in order to carry out accounting, according to generally accepted principles.

Many of the most well-known automated accounting systems can be adapted to meet the needs of a particular company that buys software for their needs. Such computer-aided design systems allow you to create various specific reports, as well as use specially designed formats.

AIS in accounting

The process of automated accounting can save a lot of time when working with financial information. Instead of making entries in several books, as is done in standard ways, most software accounting packages are structured. This means that they allow you to manually input data in one field on a single page. From there, the software automatically associates the transactions of all other relevant records. After the transaction is entered, the data will be included in any report that is generated automatically.

Along with simplifying the process of manually entering data into the accounting system, many software packages can be associated with bank accounts and cards. Using a special interface that is built into the software, payments can be automatically transferred to the corresponding account. At the same time, customers can conduct online payment through the links that AIS generates independently.

Today, computer-aided design and accounting systems are considered to be the main component in the enterprise management strategy. Protected functions and time savings can significantly improve the efficiency of any company.

Concluding remarks

Thus, an information automated system is a complex of interactions through which information is processed for collection and distribution. It is realized with the help of a number of special processes. The system often requires little user interaction, except for its installation and maintenance.

The development of automated systems nowadays is aimed at simplifying access to information and processing it as much as possible. As can be seen from the examples above, AIS are used universally: at the international global level and among individuals.