ATVs on low-pressure tires: photo

In any part of the world, there are places where roads are not yet laid, where it is impossible to lay them out or inappropriate. But, paradoxical as it sounds, there is still some way to move around such a terrain. And mankind found a way out of the current situation - invented ATVs. Since their appearance, many varieties have been created - cargo, passenger, with different settings for work, on tracks and on wheels.

History of appearance

The first machine, which was able to overcome snow, appeared in 1912 thanks to the Russian engineer Kuzin. She had her own shortcomings - the all-terrain vehicle could only cross the plains, small rises were too much for him.

The next period in development was postwar development. In the north to the motorcycle put large tires from trucks. So there were caracas. This, you can say, is the first all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires. They perfectly performed the role of a vehicle when traveling on fluffy snow or crossing a polynya. Their speed reaches 50 km / h.

The first domestic off-road vehicle was the development of Arktictrans - Nara. For its creation, a wheelchair was used - an invalid. However, the industrial design boasts the model "Arctic". It has a cabin that was made from a fuel tank of a military aircraft. And after that the era of creating cars that are able to overcome the impassability began.

In addition to developments in design bureaus and machine-building enterprises, craftsmen and all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires were created by their own hands. For this purpose, the bodies from domestic VAZs were used (most often), but other models also went into operation.

Of course, the largest number of developments and all-terrain vehicles was produced in the USSR and the Russian Federation. In other countries there are some models that deserve attention, but there are very few of them, and it is not the fact that they are better than Russian ones - the producer's name simply plays a role.

Design features

The superbreakability of snowblowers is explained not only by low-pressure tires of large diameter. After all, conventional SUVs, designed for trips outside the city, are not able to overcome marshes, rivers or snow drifts. ATVs on low-pressure tires also have an articulated frame. This design solution allows the wheels to be positioned at any angle with respect to each other. This, in turn, ensures its stability and prevents overturning on very sloping terrain. The second feature is special grousers on treads.

Types of snowmobiles and bogs

ATVs on low-pressure tires are divided by type as follows:

1. On the fuel used - gasoline and diesel.
2. On the possibilities of overcoming various obstacles - land and amphibians.
3. On application they are passenger, cargo, cargo-and-passenger, tractors and road-trains.
4. According to the type of frame on which the body is mounted - articulated, articulated, on a single frame.

Any cross-country vehicle should be selected according to the terrain and the conditions in which it will be used. Not all wheeled ATVs can appear on public roads.

Advantages of wheeled ATVs

The time of irrational use of natural resources has passed. To save the environment, much effort is being made to date. And the biggest advantage of wheeled snow throwers is the tires for all-terrain vehicles. Due to low or ultra-low pressure and a large area, they are not only able to move through difficult terrain, but also practically do not damage the earth's cover. That is, soil and plants get minimal damage.

Articontrans ATVs

The most common family of snow throwers is "Lopasnya". ATVs on low-pressure tires under this brand have proved to be very reliable - the models still in working condition that were out of production in 1989. Their application is very wide - they can move around clay, a washed dirt road, a dug up plowland, a snow, a swamp, overcome water obstacles. Also, they can overcome obstacles up to 40 cm in height and the slopes of the terrain to 87%.

"Lopasnya" is produced with wheelbases 4x4 and 4x6 and is equipped with two sets - for winter and for summer. The design is less susceptible to wear due to the independent suspension, which takes the shocks. The cab of the all-terrain vehicle is made in the likeness of a fuselage of an airplane made of duralumin and completely protects all important components from damage.

In the design, VAZ units and mechanisms were used, so finding spare parts for repair or replacement is not difficult. Despite the fact that "Lopasnya" is a snow-barker, it qualifies as an agricultural technique and does not require registration. At the same time it can appear on public roads.

Nord-Auto off-road vehicles

The family of vehicles "Strannik", which are suitable for harsh conditions of nature, is represented by this company. The very first model was released in 2004 and was a three-wheeled amphibian designed for tourist trips. To date, the company produces "Wanderer-08" and "Wanderer 10" (modification of the previous model).

The car is two-section, has longitudinal balancers and eight driving wheels. The transmission is based on the analog of the "Niva", the VAZ-2103 engine is used as the power plant. The standard equipment includes a system of centralized pumping of tires - it can be carried out directly from the driver's seat.

Stability is provided by the low center of gravity, the width of the car and the large displacement of the wheels. Passage is achieved due to a fifty-centimeter clearance, a smooth bottom, a large area of tires and adjustment of pressure in them. Most of the nodes for the all-terrain vehicle are taken from the models of VAZ cars, so in the event of a breakdown, repairs are not a big problem.

The car can take up to 6 passengers, has a gasoline engine, disc brakes, is equipped with 2 tanks of 39 liters, speeds up to 50 km / h on hard surfaces, on water - 1.5 km / h.

"Tanks of dirt are not afraid"

Under such an advertising slogan, sales and promotion of KAMAZ vehicles were carried out in many cities of the CIS. And indeed, both the military and civilian cars of the car factory were distinguished by excellent cross-country ability. In the civilian version, they are used for the transport of goods to objects under construction, and not only in all regions of Russia, but also in the countries of the whole CIS. The machine was so successful and reliable that it is used for military purposes, with appropriate modifications, of course.

Military all-terrain vehicles on low-pressure tires (photos can often be seen on news sites) are designed for reconnaissance operations. KAMAZ-43269 "Shot" (aka BPM-97) has light armor, is made in the modifications of the wheelbase 4x4 and 6x6 ("Bulat"). It should also be noted the development of the "Typhoon" - it supplanted both "Shot", and "Bulat", and the family "Mustang". Tires on KAMAZ-ATV are designed radial and with adjustable pressure. They are released at the PO "Nizhnekamskshina".

The competitor of KAMAZ

Another Russian truck of increased terrain is the Ural. Its distinctive feature is the ubiquitous use in harsh climatic conditions, the simplicity of the design of the main engineering units and assemblies. Maintenance and repair are not a problem. In principle, all the requirements of the military industry.

Off-road vehicles "Ural" - a truck with a different wheelbase, depending on the destination. They are used both in civil and military conditions. Tires on the "Ural" -offrange are manufactured at the same plant as for KAMAZ.

Homemade - does not mean bad

As a rule, in order to create ATVs on low-pressure tires by one's own hands, it is first of all necessary to determine the operating conditions. You can find the drawings, if you look carefully. It should be remembered the following - as the engine is better to use those that have a forced cooling system (VAZ are perfect), independent suspension and large tires. You can buy them, but you can also bring them to the right condition yourself. Stripping tires for the all-terrain vehicle is carried out for the reason that you can not put a snow-mobile carrier on the wheel wheels. And tires on a truck are much cheaper than those already ready for off-road vehicles.