Artificial heart

Medical technology of our time makes it possible to make partial or complete replacement of sick human organs. A sound amplifier for hearing impaired people, an electronic pacemaker made from special lens plastic are just some examples of the application of technology in the field of medicine. More common are biological prostheses, which are driven by miniature power supplies that react to the biocurrents of the human body.

In the process of complicated surgical procedures, "Artificial lung", "Apparatus for artificial circulation" and other artificial organs render invaluable help to doctors. They assume the functions of systems undergoing surgery, allowing them to suspend their activities for a while.

As practice shows, today there are quite a lot of people suffering from heart valve abnormalities (insufficiency or constriction). There is the possibility of reconstructing or replacing the affected valve with an artificial heart valve. For these purposes, modern biological or mechanical prostheses are used.

Apparatus "Artificial Heart" entered the medical practice. However, he can not completely replace the present now.

An artificial heart is a four-chambered prosthesis with saccular-type ventricles. The model has a right and a left half. Each of them consists of an artificial atrium and a ventricle. The constituent elements of the latter are the working chamber, body, outlet and inlet valves. Silicone rubber and layering method are used to make the case. According to the technology, the matrix is immersed in the liquid polymer, taken out, then dried. So long as it does not create multi-layered flesh on its surface. The working chamber has a similar shape. Latex rubber and silicone are used for its production. The working chamber has a structural feature - the thickness of its walls is different and they distinguish passive and active areas. The design is calculated in such a way that the opposite walls of its working surface can not be touched even in the case of full voltage of the active sections. This prevents the trauma of blood cells. Russian scientists continue to work on the creation and improvement of the available prosthesis design.

The rather expensive foreign system "Artificial heart" allows the patient to wait for the operation within a year. The device is equipped with a case, where there are two ventricles. An external service consisting of a monitoring monitor, a computer is located at the doctors in the clinic. At home patient has batteries, power supply. Charging is performed from the network. In this case, the main task of the patient is to monitor the green indicator indicating the state of the batteries.

To "Artificial Heart" was used as a permanently functioning device, it is necessary that it:

- had small dimensions;

- regulated the release in accordance with the requests of the body;

- provided the necessary discharge of blood;

- was easily sterilized;

- provided blood pumping without any sharp jerks, in order to avoid hemolysis (destruction of erythrocytes).

Today, only devices that completely replace the ventricles have been developed. When transplanting, the two lower heart chambers connect to the upper (atria). Pre-amputation of the replaced ventricles.

The life expectancy of the patient, who was first made a long-term organ transplant, was 112 days. Then the artificial heart committed thirteen million strokes.