HealthPreparations

Antitussive and expectorants

In the normal state, approximately 100 milliliters of secret per day are formed in the person's airways. In diseases of the respiratory system, the activity of cells decreases, and sputum secretion increases, its viscosity increases. Excessive amount of sputum creates convenient conditions for reproduction of a large number of pathogens. That is why inflammatory processes of the respiratory tract need to use drugs that either stimulate expectoration or dilute sputum.

Anti-cough and expectorants according to the mechanism of their action are divided into 2 groups: means stimulating expectoration, and means that dilute sputum (mucolytics).

Expectorants of plant origin are preparations of violets, oregano, licorice, thermopsis, althaea, wastewater, elecampane. Such drugs have a slight irritant effect on the mucous membrane of the stomach, which reflexively increases the activity of the bronchial glands. The sputum becomes liquid, plentiful and clearens much easier.

One of the long-known medicinal plants is the mother-and-stepmother. It is a part of a variety of breast and sweatshops. Known healing properties of licorice. In medicine, Tibet, it is included in more than 90 percent of all cough fees. Oregano removes liquid from the chest and lungs, quickly cures cough, and elecampane is effective if taken with honey. Partially dilute sputum expectorants such as potassium iodide and sodium, ammonium chloride. They are taken internally, they begin to act actively after absorption by the stomach and release into the mucosa of the respiratory organs.

Expectorants of the second group - mucolytics - directly dilute sputum. They are most effective in cases where mucus is mucous, mucopurulent or viscous. Applied such expectorants for chronic and acute bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, bronchial asthma, cystic fibrosis, tracheostome, atelectasis. Often, such expectorants are prescribed to prevent complications during surgical interventions on the respiratory system, after anesthesia, which is introduced through the trachea. To drugs that dilute sputum, such derivatives of bifida, such as "Ambroxol" and "Bromhexin" preparations, compounds containing sulfur, as in the preparations "Arbocysteine" and "Acetylcysteine" and enzymes of ribonuclease, as drugs "Trypsin" and "Zymotrypsin".

The medicine "Acetylcysteine" is used for acute bronchitis, pneumonia, cystic fibrosis, bronchial asthma. Available in powder form. Take it 2-3 times a day, the dosage depends on the age of the patient. Similar to the action of the drug is "Mesna." However, this medicine is more effective. It is used only by intratracheal and inhalational administration.

The drug "Carbocysteine" has a strong mucolytic effect and restores the activity of secretory cells. The medicine "Bromhexine" is an alkaloid derivative called vizicin and exerts a mucokinetic, expectorant and mucolytic effect, and in addition, reduces and soothes coughing. But the new generation drug is Ambroxol (other names are Lazolvan, Ambroghexal, Ambrobene). It has a much more pronounced effect of expectoration. When combined with antibiotics, the drug "Ambroxol" strengthens its effect in bronchial mucosa and alveoli. It is used for chronic and acute respiratory diseases. Another plus is the fact that the drug "Abmroksol" can be taken to children of any age, even premature. Also, the drug is approved for use by pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.

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