An analysis of Akhmatova's poem "Native land" and its prehistory

1961 year. The poem "The Native Land" is written. In the Leningrad hospital in the last years of life of the poetess, with an epigraph from her own poem.

Why Land

An analysis of Akhmatova's poem "Native land" should begin with the answer to the question: "Why is the native land, and not the country, not Russia?"

The poem is written to the twentieth anniversary of the beginning of the Second World War. But Anna Andreevna writes not about the country, but about her native land, fertile soil - the wet nurse. By the sixties, the tradition of worshiping the land has remained in the past, but Anna Andreevna is sure that ethnic memory still lives in the souls of people. And yes, "this is dirt on the galoshes", but without it, Russia is nowhere. This mud feeds us and takes us back to us at the end of life's journey. In the lines of the poetess a great sense. You do not need to add ode about the earth, you just need to remember that this is part of our homeland.

The theme of the motherland always sounded in the poetry of Anna Andreevna. It was not just devotion, but service to the fatherland, despite all the trials. Akhmatova was always with the people. Beside. Together. She did not look at her native people from the top down, like other poets.

Why not Russia, but the earth? Because the poet perceives his country not as a country, but as a land on which he was born and lives. It does not accept the political system, repression and war. But she loves the homeland, the people she lives with, and is ready to bear with them all the hardships.

She already wrote about this in 1922. "Not with those I ..." - it was from this poem that the last lines for the epigraph were taken. And for four decades, in spite of everything, her attitude to her native land has not changed. And there have been many tragic events in these 40 years, both in its fate and in the destiny of the country.

Importance of prehistory

Analysis of Akhmatova's poem "Native land" can not be complete, if you do not know the life story of the poet. It is impossible to understand how courageous and faithful it was to be so as not to give up your words and beliefs forty years ago, if you do not know what it was experienced in those years.

The analysis of Akhmatova's poem "Native land" should not be started in a traditional manner - with rhyme analysis and other things, it will not do anything. And we should start with what was before writing this poem in the life of "Anna All Russia", as it was called by contemporaries. Then only the deep meaning of the work, all the bitterness and all patriotism invested in it will become clear.

In 1921 Anna Andreevna learns that her close friend is leaving Russia. And that's how she reacts to the departure of a loved one: she writes, "Not with those I who threw the earth." A poem written the following year and included in the collection Anno domini. In this poem, indignation, anger and a completely designated civil position. Position, which should be changed in connection with subsequent events, but only strengthened.

Life between two poems

From 1923 to 1940 Anna Andreevna was not published. And this is hard for her. She was subjected to indirect repression. But it was not the most difficult. In 1935, her son Leo was arrested. And also her husband, but he was soon released. And after a brief release, Leo Nikolayevich was again arrested. Five years Akhmatova lived in tension and fear - have a pity on her son or not.

In 1940 there is a wind of hope; Poetesses are allowed to be printed, some people are released from Stalin's camps. But in 1941 the war begins. Hunger, fear, evacuation.

In 1946, when the grip of censorship seemed to be weakened, Anna Andreevna was expelled from the Writers' Union and was forbidden to publish her collections. In fact, it is deprived of livelihood. In 1949, Anna Andreevna's son was arrested again, and again she was in line with the broadcasts.

In 1951, it was restored in the Writers' Union. In 1955 a homeless poet was given a small house in the village of Komarovo near Leningrad, after eviction from the Fountain House in March 1952. However, it does not hurry to print it. A few years Akhmatova's poems are published by samizdat.

In May 1960, Anna Andreevna begins intercostal neuralgia, she suffers several heart attacks, and begins to suffer in hospitals. And in this condition she is in the hospital at the time of writing "Native land." What will and devotion needed to have to carry through all the loss of his love for his homeland and not change the civil position.

Traditional analysis of Akhmatova's poem "Native land"

The work is about the love of the homeland, but the word "love" itself is not there. While analyzing Akhmatova's poem "Native Land", it is easy to understand that it is deliberately excluded. The poem is constructed in such a way that even without this word it reveals all the love for the native land. To do this, the two-part nature of the work is applied, as is clear from the change in size.

The change of size immediately catches your eye when you analyze the poem "Native land." Akhmatova has clearly verified everything. The six-foot iambic is the first 8 lines. Then the transition to anapaest is three-legged, and after - the four-legged one. Yamb is a denial of the fact that the poetess does not enter into the understanding of love. Anapeste - the statement of a simple definition. A person is a part of the earth, and to freely consider it your own means to love.

We should also note the meaning of the word "land" itself, analyzing the poem "The Native Land." Akhmatova used them in pairs. There are two meanings in the poem. The first is the place where we live and die, a place that can not be thrown, whatever happens. The second - soil, dust, "crunching on the teeth." Here everything is simple. And epithets ("promised", etc.), and "ornamental" vocabulary ("beredit", "ladanka") remain in the first, iambic part. The second part consists of vernaculars, there are no epithets. Everything is much simpler, but deeper. True love does not need pathetic.