Allopurinol, instructions for indications, dosing, side effects and contraindications

"Allopurinol", the instruction indicates, release in the form of tablets of 100 mg. The drug refers to medicamental anti-arthritis, which inhibits the synthesis of uric acid. According to the structure, "Allopurinol" is an analog of hypoxanthin, which inhibits the main enzyme, which participates in the formation of uric acid. The drug "Allopurinol", the reviews confirm this, affects the dissolution of urate salts, the cessation of their formation in the tissues of the body and in the kidneys.

"Allopurinol", instruction for indications

The drug is prescribed:
For prevention, treatment of gout and hyperuricemia (including complicated kidney failure), diagnosis of nephrolithiasis, urate nephropathy;
With oxalate-calcium kidney stones in combination with hyperuricosuria;
At an elevated level of urate, formed as a result of enzymatic disorders;
For the prevention of acute nephropathy in the period of cytostatic, radiation treatment of the tumor and leukemia;
At medical starvation.

"Allopurinol", instructions for dosing

The doctor sets the dose of the drug individually, depending on the
The level of urate found in the blood and urine, as well as the concentration of uric acid. Adults are prescribed from 100 mg of "Allopurinol" to 900 mg per day. The daily dose should be divided into 2-4 admission. Tablets should be taken after meals.
For children under 15 years of age, the daily dose of the drug is calculated with an accuracy of 10-20 mg per 1 kg of the child's weight or prescribed from 100 mg of "Allopurinol" to 400 mg.

The maximum dose for patients with impaired renal function is 100 mg. The doctor may increase the dose if, on the background of ongoing treatment, the high level of urates found in the blood and urine remains unchanged.

"Allopurinol", instruction for side effects

In isolated cases, there were violations in the cardiovascular system, which manifested itself with arterial hypertension, bradycardia.
There may be disturbances in the digestive system, which are manifested:
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, transient increase in the activity of transaminases observed in the blood serum;
Hepatitis, impaired liver function;
Stomatitis (in single patients);
Steatoriey.

In isolated cases, "Allopurinol" medicine has caused disorders in the nervous system, which are manifested:
Weakness, increased fatigue, headaches, dizziness;
Ataxia, drowsiness, depression;
Coma, paresis, paresthesia;
Convulsions, neuropathy;
Visual impairment; Cataract;
Changes in the structure of the papilla of the optic nerve;
Impaired taste sensations.
Very rarely there were abnormalities in the work of the hematopoiesis system, which were manifested by thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis and aplastic anemia, leukopenia (the risk group includes patients who have impaired renal function).

There may be abnormalities in the urinary system, which are rarely interstitial nephritis; In single patients - edema, uremia, hematuria.

Disorders in the endocrine system are manifested in single cases by infertility, impotence, gynecomastia, diabetes mellitus.
Metabolic disorders were manifested in isolated cases of hyperlipidemia.
Allergic or dermatological adverse reactions are possible.

"Allopurinol", instruction for contraindications

You can not prescribe the drug:
With violations in the liver, kidneys;
During pregnancy and lactation;
With increased sensitivity to "Allopurinol".

In medical practice, children under the age of 12 years, "Allopurinol" is prescribed only for the treatment of malignant tumors, with leukemia, with enzymatic disorders, for example, in the Lesch-Nichin syndrome.