Adjustment of carburetor "Solex". Carburettors "Solex": device, adjustment, repair

Carburetors "Solex" were produced at the Dimitrovgrad automobile plant. The products were manufactured under French licenses. About ten different modifications of carburetor data for motors with different volumes were produced. They put on a lot of front-wheel drive cars VAZ. Such an operation, as adjustment of the carburetor "Solex", is an obligatory procedure for owners of domestic cars.

Device

The main fuel metering system in the device ensures normal operation of the motor at start-up, as well as at small and medium loads. The dosage system allows to get more stable operation of the engine on serious loads. This unit is a design of fuel and air jets. This system is also equipped with tubes and sprayers.

The idling device is designed to allow the car to maintain stable operation at idle. The system is presented in the form of fuel and air valves, jets, adjusting screws. The latter allow to change the quality and quantity of the fuel-air mixture. So, with the help of these screws, the carburetor mixture "Solex" is adjusted.

Transition systems serve to give the engine the smoothest transition to the average load level, and then - to the maximum mode. These systems are fuel and air jets, holes and valves without the possibility of adjustment.

The economizer is designed to provide the engine with more stable operation in transient power modes. Such a unit consists of a diaphragm, a ball valve and a fuel jet.

Econostat is designed to enrich the working mixture in the second chamber, when the engine goes to high-speed modes. At the same time throttle valves are completely open. It consists of a fuel jet, as well as an injection tube.

Accelerating pump serves to enrich the fuel-air mixture at the moment when the throttle valve is opened. It consists of a drive, diaphragm, ball valve, sprayer.

The starting device is also of great importance. It provides the engine with reliability when starting "on cold". Often, adjustment of the carburetor launcher "Solex" is required. This unit consists of a diaphragm, a lever system of air and throttle actuators.

The throttle opening lock for the secondary chamber is designed to give the motor a more reliable and stable operation when driving, if it is not warmed up. Throttle заслонка will open only at certain sizes of opening air.

Operational Features

Devices such as "Solex" are presented in the form of modern designs. Components for them produce with high accuracy from high-quality materials, which have a large working life. Under normal operating conditions, adjustment of the Solex carburetor is simply not necessary. However, with prolonged use, some components wear out, and the dispensing parts are dirty. These processes can be accompanied by a deviation of technical parameters from the factory norms. In addition, the resource is reduced when low-quality gasoline is used, which contains tar and other contaminants.

Due to the peculiarities of the design, this mechanism is fastened to the quality of fuel, as well as to the accuracy with which the adjustment of the Solex carburetor should be carried out. For comparison: the details of type "Ozone" are not such requirements.

Maintenance and adjustment

Although modern carburettors significantly differ in their high reliability, sometimes it is necessary to carry out cleaning procedures and maintenance of their elements. When a certain mileage is reached, preventive measures should be taken. Sometimes you may need to adjust the carburetor "Solex".

The frequency with which the device is prevented and adjusted depends on the conditions in which the vehicle is used. If this is a big city, then the need for servicing can arise more often. If the machine is used for rare trips outside the city in summer, then within a year you can not service this node at all.

Maintenance is carried out even without removing the structure. Without dismantling, it is sufficient to rinse the device inside and out. Without removal, adjustment of the float chamber of the carburetor "Solex", adjustment of idling and some other operations is carried out.

Setting the trigger

How is it produced? It can be done both with complete dismantling of the part, and without it. The adjustment is to set the gap in the throttle and air flaps of the primary chamber. It is also necessary to adjust the starting device according to the crankshaft speed. In general, adjusting the carburetor "Solex" - not too complicated procedure.

Settings with removal

To work on the first method, you need to remove the device. Further the carburetor is required to be turned over so that the throttle flaps are at the top. Then, turn the anti-clockwise lever to the stop, which controls the air damper. It should be controlled with the shank formed gap near the bottom edge of the throttle.

Different modifications of carburetors have their clearances. If you need more precise adjustment of the launcher "Solex" carburetor, then this can be done with the adjusting screw.

Quick setup

When adjustment is to be carried out as quickly as possible, it is possible to adjust the starting system directly on the car. It is necessary to control the crankshaft speed. To do this, start the engine without an air filter, and then set the speed to about 2800-3000. Next, we need to open the air damper a third of the way with a screwdriver. After that, it is released, and with the help of the adjusting screw, the revolutions are set to 100 units less.

Carburetor Solex. Idling adjustment

This procedure is one of the most important operations in tuning and servicing the carburetor. Its purpose is to obtain stable and stable operation from the motor at minimum engine operating frequencies.

Do not often do this. If the car is used actively, it will be enough to adjust the carburetor at the beginning of the season.

To carry out this procedure it is necessary to involve a gas analyzer and a tachometer, which will monitor the content of toxic substances in the exhaust gases of the car. By the number of such components it is possible to determine in which state the engine and the Solex carburetor are located (adjusting the quality of the mixture is not necessary at the same time).

When carrying out this procedure, you should try to avoid a popular mistake, which is often allowed by car mechanics at the service station. In their desire to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide to a minimum of mechanics, they overeat the combustible mixture. As a result of such actions, the amount of toxic gases increases.

First step

Before starting work, it is necessary to warm the motor well. Also, you need to make sure that the car has a working ignition.

On such a device as the carburetor "Solex", the idling adjustment is carried out with the help of special screws. The first serves to adjust the amount of the mixture, the second is responsible for the quality. In order to exclude the implementation of this procedure by unqualified specialists, the following is done: the screw that is responsible for the quality, the developers hid deep in the channel of the device case.

For tincture, you need to connect the gas analyzer to the exhaust pipe, then warm up the engine at idle. Then, using the first adjusting screw and tachometer, set the crankshaft speed to about 900 revolutions. The second regulating element is trying to achieve the content of toxic gases in the exhaust at the level of 0.5-1.2%.

Next, you need to let the engine run a little more, and then check the carbon monoxide content again. If necessary, on a device such as the Solex carburetor, the quality adjustment is carried out using the first screw. It should be rotated very slowly at first by half a turn, then by a quarter, and so on, until the value of the toxic gas content reaches the required values.

The next step is to adjust the amount. In this case, it is necessary to restore the frequency to 850 revolutions. If the engine after this setting does not want to work stably, you need to run the whole process again.

In general, on such a technically important element as the Solex carburetor, idling is a very simple procedure that even novice motorists can cope with.

Adjustment of the float mechanism

This is one of the most important operations in the maintenance and tuning of the carburetor. This mechanism ensures the normal operation of almost all the main components of the carburettor and motor.

Solex devices are not equipped with visual level monitoring systems. Carburettors must be disassembled for the tuning procedure.

You can adjust the float mechanism with the device cover removed. Adjustment of the float carburetor "Solex" takes place in three stages. Before you start, you need to make sure that the bracket freely swings on its axis. Also, you need to see that the tongue of the mechanism does not have dents and other damages.

First step

First, we try to adjust the mutual position of the floats on the bracket. Also, make sure that they are correctly positioned relative to the float chamber elements and the cover. If it is different from the right one, then it will be very difficult to set the optimum fuel level.

The best results are achieved by adjusting the carburetor fuel level "Solex" only if you first make a template from plastic or thick cardboard. Then mount the carburettor cover and floats on the most flat surface. After that, attach the template to the cover so that the floats are located at the maximum points. There must be a gap of 1 mm between these parts.

Second phase

Without changing the position of the cover, we adjust the clearance between the lower projections of the floats. All manipulations take place when the valve is closed.

The third stage

Here you need to put the lid horizontally. Then adjust the stroke of the valve needle. It should be about two millimeters. If necessary, adjustment of the fuel level of the carburetor "Solex" is carried out by bending the stop of the floats.

When the process is completed, you can take advantage of the fact that the lid is removed and check the fuel cock for leaks. To do this, you need to close the hole of the return fitting tightly with your finger, and then firmly insert the tip of the compressed rubber pear into the hole. If you turn the lid back, the pear will take its original form. This indicates that the valve is fully open.

By the way, various secrets of adjustment of these devices are written in numerous books, for example "Carburetors" Solex "- device, adjustment, repair." Although modern carburetors are rather complex devices that are part of the car's power system, tuning them requires only attention and little experience. To regulate these mechanisms, you do not need to be an advanced auto mechanic.

All this is available even for novice motorists. Do not be afraid to adjust this device yourself, because of the correct configuration of this node depends a lot - and fuel consumption, and the behavior of the car on the road.

Conclusion

If you are not sure that you can handle the carburettor setting yourself, it will always make the master one of the numerous SRTs. But, of course, such a service is not free. And since the operation requires numerous repetitions, it is better to learn how to produce it yourself.