Abramtsevo, museum-estate: how to get there, description, reviews

This museum is always crowded. Abramtsevo Manor today is a popular place for Muscovites to rest. On its territory there is a magnificent museum-reserve. During the tour of the complex you can learn many interesting facts about the history of Russian art and admire the beautiful nature near Moscow. How to get to the museum "Abramtsevo" from Moscow and what you can see here, we will tell in this article.

History of the estate

The first mention of the estate dates back to the 16th century. Then it was a small village belonging to the landowner Volynsky. The most significant period for the village began in 1843, when it passed into ownership of the writer ST Aksakov.

Being a passionate admirer of hunting and nature, Sergei Timofeevich felt great in the estate. NV Gogol and IS Turgenev came to visit him. There was an actor MS Shchepkin and historian MP Pogodin. In Abramtsevo Aksakov worked fruitfully. Here were written "The Childhood of Bagrov-grandson", a fairy tale about a magical little flower loved by many generations .

The estate of Savva Mamontov

After the writer was gone, the estate quickly fell into decay, and in 1870 the heirs of Aksakov sold it to the well-known industrialist SI Mamontov. Savva Ivanovich immediately began to restore it. First of all, he repaired the house, built several new economic buildings. Unfortunately, today most of them are lost.

Savva Ivanovich was interested in the history of art, theater and architecture. In Moscow, his house was always open to people of talented, creative. The Mamontov family transferred their good traditions to a new estate outside Moscow.

Artistic circle

Gradually, the circle of acquaintances of Sawa Mamontov expanded, and a community of famous artists appeared, which today is known as the Mamontov art circle. It included such great masters as VA Serov, IE Repin, VD Polenov, MA Vrubel, VM and AM Vasnetsov and other artists. They often stayed for a long time at the estate, creating their masterpieces. Many canvases created in this estate near Moscow, entered the Golden Fund of Russian fine arts.

Craft workshops

Over time, thanks to the initiative of his son Savva Ivanovich, his wife, famous artists, the estate was a rich collection of folk art. Even today it is of great artistic value. According to her unique samples in the carpentry workshop located on the territory of the manor, they began to create magnificent wooden furniture.

In 1890, the ceramic workshop began to work in the estate. MA Vrubel became its inspirer and creative leader. There was produced a decorative sculpture, an extraordinary beauty tiles for the Moscow house of the Mammoths and their manors, author's dishes.

Abramtsev products quickly found their admirers. They began to sell in stores in St. Petersburg, Moscow and in several other cities of Russia. Specialists admired the high quality of these artworks. In 1900 the products of the Abramtsev masters were awarded honorary awards at the World Exhibition in Paris.

The importance of the famous art circle can not be overestimated. Its participants preserved priceless monuments of Russian decorative and applied art. Thanks to their efforts the handicraft traditions of making tiles and wooden carvings were revived.

A difficult period in the history of the estate

The end of the XIX century brought great changes in the measured life of the manor. In 1899, Savva Ivanovich was accused of economic abuses and was imprisoned for several months. He was acquitted in 1900, but the famous businessman lost almost all his fortune.

The house in Moscow, together with the collection of works of art stored there, was sold. Fortunately, Abramtsevo was saved. The estate was copied in advance by Mamontov to his wife. At the beginning of the 20th century a ceramic workshop was moved from the estate to Moscow, which was transformed into a small pottery plant. Not everyone knows that it was Abramtsev masters who made the facades of the Metropol Hotel, as well as the magnificent exterior decoration of the Tretyakov Gallery.

Manor after 1917

In 1918, after the establishment of Soviet power, the Abramtsevo estate was nationalized. The museum on its territory was opened in the same year. His main keeper was Alexander Mamontov, the daughter of Savva Ivanovich. The house-museum "Abramtsevo" existed until 1932. Then the Holiday House for filmmakers was opened in the estate. Since 1938, the estate began to be used as a sanatorium. And during the Second World War the estate turned into a military hospital.

In this difficult for the whole country, the most valuable relics from the estate were transported to Sergiev Posad. Exhibits returned in 1950, and Abramtsevo (the museum) opened its doors to visitors. During this period, Vsevolod Savvich Mamontov, the son of an industrialist, was appointed the curator of the museum. In 1995, received a special status of "Abramtsevo". The museum-estate became a monument of federal significance.

Nowadays the artistic traditions of the old manor studios are continued by the Art and Industrial College, which bears the name of the Russian artist V.M. Vasnetsov.

"Abramtsevo", museum-estate

The current museum complex covers an area of fifty hectares. It houses several architectural monuments and a beautiful park. "Abramtsevo" (museum-estate), whose address: Museum Street, 1, has the richest collections. They have more than twenty-five thousand unique exhibits. These are graphic and picturesque works, sculptural compositions, folk art, rare archives and photos.

Manor house

The central place of the museum complex is the oldest building in the estate - the main manor house. It was built in the 18th century. Despite the many restructuring, its symmetrical silhouette, conceived during construction, can be seen today.

The eastern facade of the house has an open terrace and opens into the park, the western one - to the courtyard. Along the eastern facade there was a grand suite of rooms - a hall, a living room and a front bedroom. Along the western facade stretched the day-to-day enfilade, which housed the living quarters of family members. Between the two enfilades a spacious corridor passed.

Today in the manor house there is an exposition dedicated to the Aksakov family, their friends. Here you can see pictures and photos, books and furniture. All these items were collected by the Mamontovs. They were bought in Moscow antique shops.

In the manor house there is one more interesting exposition devoted to the Abramtsevo art circle. Here there are portraits of the Mamontov family, participants of the art circle, the situation that has been preserved since those ancient times.

In the building of the former medical building today there is a permanent exposition of works by Russian and Soviet artists.

Church of the Savior

"Abramtsevo" is a museum that has unique facilities on its territory. First of all, it is the Church of the Savior. The author of her project was the famous artist VD Polenov. Later his business was continued by VM Vasnetsov. Magnificent stylization of the Russian past, the iconostasis of the temple - this is a real work of art. Most of the icons for the church were painted by great artists who were part of the mammoth circle.

Alcove

Another monument, which became the visiting card of Abramtsevo. The museum stores an original architectural structure. This is an unusual wooden arbor - "Hut on chicken legs." It is located near the church. The arbor appeared in the manor in 1883. The idea of its creation belongs to VM Vasnetsov.

Looking at her, it seems that now Baba Yaga will look out of her. Despite the fact that this fairytale structure is located very close to the church and other buildings, it seems that the hut is in a dense, impassable forest.

A park

Abramtsevo is an amazing museum. If you happen to visit the manor, be sure to walk around the wonderful park that surrounds it. It was divided into three terraces, which descend into the valley of a small river Vori.

The park is beautiful at any time of the year, but in summer or early autumn it is especially attractive.

Branch of the museum

The Arts and Crafts Department of the Abramtsevo Museum-Reserve is located in the town of Khotkovo, not far from the manor. His appearance was due to a powerful impetus given to the Abramtsevo workshop for the development of arts and crafts in the vicinity of Abramtsevo.

Actually, the history of the creation of this museum and originates from the workshop, which at first was led by Elizaveta Grigorievna - the spouse of S. Mamontov. Then it was replaced by Elena Polenova. The carpentry workshop was a school that annually, starting in 1876, accepted five to six children from the surrounding villages for training.

For three years the boys studied free of charge. After the completion of the training course, the graduate received a workbench and a set of carpentry tools as a gift . The boys returned to their villages and got a job at home. The workshop provided them with orders and material. From its walls came more than two hundred magnificent experienced carvers. Many of them worked, not only doing the finished samples on the developed sketches, but also creating their own works. Some of these works can now be seen in the museum.

Now not only carvers are working here and create interesting products, but also graphics, ceramics masters and painters. Modern authors take an active part in exhibitions, for which several rooms on the ground floor are allocated.

"Abramtsevo", museum-estate: how to get there?

From the Moscow Yaroslavl station there are electric trains, which make a stop at the station "Abramtsevo". These are the trains going to Alexandrov, Balakirevo, Sergiev Posad. The road to the station you need takes 1.15 hours. From the platform you need to walk along a picturesque forest trail about a kilometer and a half. The road will give you great pleasure - not often townspeople are allowed to walk in the woods. It is impossible to get lost here - there are numerous signs on the trees.

If you are planning a car trip, then from Moscow you need to go to Yaroslavl highway, and drive before turning on Leshkovo and Radonezh. Then drive to Khotkovo and turn to Abramtsevo. The museum is at the end of the main road.

You can use the bus. From Sergiev Posad to the museum you will be delivered by buses and bus number 55, which makes eight flights a day.

Operating mode

From April to October the museum "Abramtsevo" is waiting for visitors. Opening hours are convenient for visiting. The manor park is open every day from 10.00 to 20.00, on weekends - until 21.00. The exposition of the museum can be viewed from 10.00 to 18.00 on weekdays and to 20.00 on weekends. The main museum house can be accessed only when the tour passes. In the "Abramtsevo" (museum-reserve), they are held daily.

Guest Reviews

All who have already visited the museum "Abramtsevo", reviews leave, as a rule, positive. The magnificent nature, grooming and cleanliness of the territory, interesting expositions, professionalism of guides are admiring.

To the shortcomings of the museum some visitors attribute high prices for tickets, souvenirs, photography and even for the entrance to the temple. But, probably, you should not be so categorical in this matter. The money received for visiting the complex goes to the restoration of the estate and its further development.