What is office processing: description, features and requirements

In different areas of research activities, it is planned to perform preliminary or intermediate processing of the received data. This is important for correcting further research or for analyzing the final materials for their correctness. In both cases, cameral processing is used - this is how the work is described, which can be produced with a minimum degree of error.

General information about office processing

From the point of view of methodology, cameral processing can be attributed to metrological, that is measuring measures. It aims to carry out measurements or experimental tests in order to clarify the initial data or to correct the research methodology. It is important to take into account that the office processing of the results is not an independent method of obtaining certain data. It is used as an auxiliary means of quality control and completeness of the performed work within the framework of the main method.

For example, one of the most common areas in which this method of correction of results is involved is geodesy. Engineering surveys are conducted in the field and do not always allow obtaining optimal quality data due to the peculiarities of technical organization of work in conditions of remoteness from the laboratory. It is for the detection of survey errors that field-based field processing is applied, which allows verification and monitoring of measurement results in the intervals between operations.

Office processing tasks

Again, by itself, the processing of the cameral property is only indirectly involved in measuring activities. In fact, it is a tool to determine the errors that are allowed in the process of using a particular measurement method. Therefore, the main task will be precisely to fix the deviations of the results obtained from actual or normative ones. Representations of the same standards do not always allow desk office processing. For example, in the field, one can only form an idea of the values close to the normative values, performing serial cameral researches. However, classical processing is performed in a laboratory environment with minimal influence of external factors on the quality of the results. This is a fundamental difference between the chamber processing and the field studies, and the difference between them also makes it possible to correct the measurement process.

Requirements for conducting cameral events

In each field of application, their requirements for desk processing may be presented. In principle, the requirements for processing in the same field geodesy or archeology, and for activities that are performed in the laboratory environment will differ. And yet there is a certain list of standards that should be observed when performing almost all types of work of such a property. First of all, the processing of the results of measurements should initially be based on the ranges of permissible errors. Going beyond them will mean ineffective application of this method of control. The next requirement is the correspondence of the conditions for carrying out the office processing initially established. And again for each type of work will apply their requirements, which can take into account the ambient temperature, humidity, wind speed, the characteristics of the instrument used and other factors. Also, compulsory requirements include reporting and marking of controlled objects or materials.

Types of cameral works

In the areas of application, office treatments are divided into formal, normative, arithmetic and immediate. Formal processing verifies the measurement methodology for compliance with performance standards. That is, the organizational part of the research is subjected to control. Arithmetical verification concerns specific indicators of the tests carried out. The accuracy of measurements, their correctness and reliability are estimated. Regarding the regulatory review, it refers to the analysis of the data obtained for compliance with legal acts. Direct processing is a test of the methodological part. In this case, the correctness of the practical application of the method in a particular case is estimated. In addition, office processing can be an initial, intermediate and final. These types of checks can be used either individually or together, within the framework of one monitoring activity.

Stages of verification

The list of specific steps may vary depending on the field of application. As a rule, at the first stage, the specialists collect the initial data, which were obtained for the measurement procedure itself. At the second stage, control measurements are made on the method used, but already in the framework of a desk audit. At this stage, arithmetic control can be used to identify possible errors in the calculations. In some cases, serial measurements can be used to more accurately identify averaged and more reliable data. The results obtained in this way are checked against the data deduced from the measurements by the target verification method. At the final stage, desk processing gives general information about the control performed, on the basis of which a report is made.

Processing of the results of field measurements

Field measurement works are often contrasted with the cameral, since the conditions for carrying out such measures do not imply obtaining the greatest possible reliable result. Obviously, the verification tests will not allow to obtain the most correct data. Nevertheless serial and intermediate control checks nevertheless give the chance to come nearer to more exact indicators of measurements. Most often, the cameral processing of field measurements is used in geological surveys. In particular, the depth of occurrence of rocks, their size, soil structure, etc. can be evaluated in this way. Quantitative determination of the indices is made using experimental and theoretical methods. Control metrological equipment may be used to evaluate, for example, the magnetic and electrical properties of rock ores. The obtained results are further processed already in the laboratory using computer programs.

Spheres of application of methods of desktop processing

The technology of cameral check is used not only in geodesy, but also in other construction works. The results of engineering measures can also be controlled by this method, both in the laboratory and in the field. Operate cameral processing and when accounting cadastral data. For example, the office processing of the results of field measurements is used in the analysis of materials obtained in the process of topographic surveying. Inventory methods in archeology, warehouse accounting, museum and warehouse storage can also be controlled by desk verification. In general, this concerns inspections for compliance with regulatory enactments. Arithmetic control is usually applied to tax accounting and data obtained in the course of architectural measurement work.

Reporting documents of office processing

The composition of the documentation for the report is determined even before the audits. The content is formed as a database, sufficient to assess the quality of the measurements. Reporting can include both graphic and text documents, supplemented by formulas and maps. In geology, for example, the composition of documents can be supported by graphs constructed using profiling methods. In particular, graphs showing rock sections are created. Identify in the reporting and characteristic parametric data, compared with the normative indicators. The results of the control measurements are presented separately - either in the form of tables with figures, or in the form of the same graphs. Depending on the requirements, the office processing of materials can also presuppose the creation of a conclusion with recommendations for changing the method of measurement to be checked.

Conclusion

On many grounds, the cameral test methods are similar to those for monitoring typical metrological measurements. But in metrology tests are subjected to separate measurement techniques and even more often instrumentation itself. In turn, the office processing of measurements more likely shows an example of an integrated approach that takes into account a variety of factors in the study of the object. The specific arithmetic readings, climatic conditions, the characteristics of the equipment used, the degree of error, etc. can be taken into account. In combination, these factors allow us to accurately adjust the measurement operations within the framework of not general, but specific conditions of work. That is, each control act is applicable only for a specific situation and can not be considered as a single recommendation for using similar methods for other cases.