We study the creative heritage: Pushkin, "The Captain's Daughter"

Pushkin stands not only at the origins of our national poetry, but also in prose. His works are magnificent both in themselves and as examples of realistic, psychological texts in which the semantic wisdom, liveliness and expressiveness of a language are harmoniously combined, accuracy in the image of characters, unobtrusiveness, friendly, trusting attitude towards readers.

History of writing

Trembling, respectful attitude to the history of his kind, his country, "love of native ashes" - this is the whole Pushkin. The "Captain's Daughter" is his first work in Russian literature on historical themes. Prior to its publication, Russian fiction was exceptionally superficial, entertaining. And its content was reduced to mystical and terrible episodes, framed as framed in freely interpreted collisions of history. Pushkin went another way. "The Captain's Daughter" with him is historical prose, and the fictional plot outline from the life of Peter Grinev and Masha Mironova is just a background on which the main figure of the story - the rebellious rebel Emelyan Pugachev - is brightly and vividly portrayed. The events of the peasant uprising and the outbreak of the people's war of 1773-75. - this is the subject of research, which takes the imagination and mind of the writer. No wonder so seriously and painstakingly worked in the archives of Pushkin. "The Captain's Daughter" was created after the author's trip to the Urals, to the places where Peter the Great once owned, as Pugachev called himself. Alexander Sergeevich wrote down legends about the "rule of Emelka", songs about him, legends that were passed from mouth to mouth by eyewitnesses and participants in the events. All the collected material helped the writer create a truly truthful historical canvas, which was published in one of the issues of the journal Sovremennik for 1836. True, then his authorship was not pointed out by Pushkin: "The Captain's Daughter" turned out to be a rather seditious work, and even a separate chapter describing the revolt of the peasants of the Grinyov village was not included in the general text.

The plot and plot

Let us recall the main plot aspects of the work. The narrative is conducted on behalf of the main (fictional) character - Petr Grinyov. He is a nobleman of an old, poor family. His father, a retired military officer, a man of strict rules, principled and honest, sends his son to serve in a distant garrison, so that he manages to cultivate character and will, becoming a true defender of the Christian faith, the tsar and the fatherland. Thus Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter" raises, on the one hand, the topic of upbringing of the young noble generation that is topical for that time, and, on the other hand, the theme of honor and dignity, faith in oneself, its moral code, its convictions. They are realized in parting words, said Petrusha father at parting: "Take care of the honor in his youth." On the way to the Belogorsky fortress, after a variety of adventures, during the steppe blizzard, Grinev meets with someone who will radically change his fate several times - with Pugachev, then - a vagabond leader. Given to the "Shelm" hare sheepskirt will soon serve Petrushe good service. In the fortress with Grinyov there were many different events that had an important influence on the formation of his moral and mental appearance. From the near inexperienced he turns into a serious, reserved, honest, decent nobleman and a man. Striking examples of this were relations with Masha, behavior in defense of the fortress and in captivity at Pugachev, behavior in detention, in which the young man found himself on the denunciation of Shvabrin. But to the "discerning reader" it was clear that the main face of Pushkin's work "The Captain's Daughter" is still not Grinyov or Masha, not even the "good lady" Catherine II, but the "convict, bandit and robber" Cossack Emelyan. He leaves Peter alive, knowing how to appreciate and understand his courage; Saves from Shvabrin Masha, the daughter of his opponents; Suits their happy destiny.

The main themes of the work

The story "The Captain's Daughter" is a multifaceted work. It addresses the socio-historical problems of the post-Petrine era. The confrontation between state power and the people, the attitude of the autocracy to the people - all this manifested itself quite clearly and visibly. The themes raised in the story can be attributed to universal, universal. It is an honor, faithfulness in love and friendship, nobility, spiritual purity. And also the theme of historical truth, which is higher than class and other prejudices.