We pay taxes: the tax period as an obligatory element of tax

The main part of the revenues of the state budget and off-budget funds is made up of tax transfers. Taxes are mandatory payments, in fact, they are royalty-free, in contrast to fees. The tax code of Russia provides an exhaustive list of taxes and other payments that are not included in it, can not be introduced in our country. But, in addition, the tax must still contain all the mandatory elements. One of them is the tax period. Close to him, but not the same, the concept of the reporting period is already an optional element of the tax.

The tax period is a period of time, the time allotted for determining another element of the tax - the tax base, and, directly, the tax itself. Do not confuse the tax period with the period of tax payment. As a rule, the tax period is one calendar month or one calendar year - this will depend on the specific tax. But the reporting period is often equal to a quarter, that is, three months. The reporting period is therefore an optional element, because its tax legislation may or may not provide for. Yes, and the regions themselves, and municipalities are independent in resolving the issue regarding the reporting period - they want, they establish - they want, they do not.

When calculating taxes and fees in payment documents, the indicator of the tax period consisting of ten figures is indicated. This indicator also specifies the existence of the reporting period. That is, it is a question of the fact that the tax is paid not once but by periodic payments, and at the end of the tax period the final amount of the tax is determined, minus the advance payments. This indicator can be monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual.

For each tax there is a tax period provided for by the tax code. Not only the tax itself is established by federal legislation, but also its obligatory elements: subjects and objects, tax bases and rates, tax period and calculation procedures, and the procedure and terms of tax payments. All other elements of the tax are optional.

Federal taxes are established and enforced at the same time. But for regions and municipal units it is necessary to introduce already established federal taxes with a separate own act. At the same time, the authorities of the subjects and local bodies have competence only within the limits limited by the Russian Federation.

The tax period for income tax is established (and introduced) precisely at the level of the Russian Federation, since this tax is federal and is payable to the federal treasury. All taxes in our state are accepted and approved by the Federal Authority of Power - the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (the State Duma and the Federation Council).

The profit tax is charged against organizations, not individuals. This tax is direct. The tax period for this tax coincides with the calendar year. Further, the taxpayer-organization-must make a profit tax calculation within this year, based on the tax base. The tax base is the economic basis of the tax, in this case all incomes of the enterprise will be taken into account, minus all expenses, that is, it is a question of net profit. The tax legislation provides for advance payments for this type of tax - every three months. But a monthly tax report is possible throughout the reporting year. After that, until the 20th day of the next year, the organization submits to the body at the location of the enterprise a declaration (application of the established form) in which it calculates the tax payable. Based on this application and paid income tax. The term of payment is up to 25 days after the reporting year.