Ventilation in the garage with a basement: the principles of the device and the variety

The garage with the addition in the form of a cellar becomes a multifunctional structure that provides storage of not only the car and tools for repairs, but also various preparations for the winter, vegetables and canned goods.

But such a supplement needs to provide increased airflow, removal of musty smell and dampness. Proper ventilation of the garage with the basement is an integral stage of the work necessary to comfortably locate people and store food.

Appointment

Dampiness not only leads to damage to fruits and vegetables, but also to the appearance of an unpleasant odor and development of the fungus. Also, one of the reasons for the corrosion on the metal elements of the building, the details and the body of the car is humidity. That is why measures to reduce it become so important.

The ventilation in the garage with the basement provides protection against many negative phenomena. These include condensate, which is most often formed in the winter. At this time, the heat coming from the depth of the earth contributes to a slight heating of the cellar, because of which the temperature in it becomes higher than in the other part of the structure. Due to the high humidity in the room, condensation occurs, at low temperatures the surface is covered with frost.

Do not forget about the toxic poisonous admixtures in the air: exhaust gases, vapors of oils, paints and gasoline. To prevent their accumulation to a critical concentration, it is necessary to ensure the removal of polluted air outside the premises and the influx of fresh air. The existing conditions determine the appropriate type of ventilation, which can have a natural, forced or mechanical principle.

Natural airflow

Before making effective ventilation of the basement of the garage, it is necessary to determine the scheme of the device, it can be supply-exhaust, supply and exhaust. The latter option is characterized by a high degree of air purification, while the supply air ensures its intensive intake. But the combined methodology is the most effective, its arrangement is possible in two ways.

The natural ventilation of the garage with the basement does not require expensive equipment, only two pipes need to be installed to create it. The mechanism of action is based on a different temperature level in the room and outside the window. But its simplicity has led to the appearance of a significant shortcoming, consisting of interruptions in the winter period due to the accumulation of frost in the channel and the inability to use in the summer, as at this time the temperature inside and outside the premises acquires close values. This option is suitable for a small garage, while requiring the insulation of pipes with special materials and the systematic removal of snow in the winter months. There is a non-standard detachable part for the outlet pipeline, which considerably simplifies the maintenance of it.

Advantages and disadvantages

Forced ventilation in the garage with a basement with their own hands allows you to create an optimal microclimate in the room. Its operation is provided by special devices for forced air flow. It is possible to use as one two-winged pipeline, and two (as in the variant indicated above).

The main advantage of natural ventilation is the low price of equipment. But for the overall garage used for a minibus or truck, this option is not suitable. The intake structure is much more effective in removing toxic substances and eliminating the increased humidity, while saving can be saved by forming a combined version.

Creating ductwork

The simplest way is to make a canal of hollow bricks and blocks in the masonry. To prevent the ingress of rodents and birds, steel grids are used to block the passage section. The most widely used method is the installation of exhaust and supply pipes in opposite corners of the room.

Specialists recommend mounting the element for airflow at a height of about 50 cm from the floor level, and the exhaust part placed under the ceiling, this will ensure a more intense airflow. The pipe can be factory, made of aluminum foil, or made from improvised materials, such as wood, brick or roofing steel.

How to properly make ventilation in the basement of the garage

The exhaust duct is fixed at a distance of not less than 180 cm from the floor, the outer part - on the roof of the garage, at a height of about 50 cm. Additional insulation is required when installing on the rear wall.

The supply part is fixed on the opposite side and is taken to the street, while the distance to the ground should be approximately 20-30 cm. The channel must be protected from insects and birds by using a steel net, and it is covered by small covers.

Change in the intensity of air exchange is possible with special adjustment flaps mounted on both pipes. They are especially useful in the cold season for portioned air renewal. There is also an economical option, which involves the replacement of the supply channel with a damper installed on the end part of the wall structure.

Additional accessories

Forced ventilation in a garage with a basement requires the addition of pipelines with special electric fans. Channels can be mounted in the same way as with a natural arrangement, or have a common passage. The main advantage of this method is independence from climatic conditions and time of year. It has many similarities with more simple ventilation, the difference lies in devices forming an air vortex. The flow is directed out of the room, thus fresh air flows through the ventilation duct . It is possible to use not only a fan, but also other devices, for example, a weather vane diffuser with a rotary mechanism, it operates on the basis of wind energy and is fixed in the upper part of the supply channel.

How to enhance the effect

Forced ventilation in the garage with a basement can have two options for location: horizontal and vertical. Better ventilation of a large space is ensured with horizontal placement and simultaneous operation of two fans.

Efficiency can be improved by installing an electric bulb in the ascending pipeline, thus, the outflow of air is activated by heating it. Also, deflectors, which form a rarefied air around themselves, are quite common . They are fixed on the exhaust pipe next to its outlet.

Mechanical principle of operation

Such ventilation in the garage with a cellar is most effective. But to install it requires a lot of time and access to specialists, as well as it has a high cost. Special sensors are switched off at the set time and the system is switched on without human intervention.

The movement of air is only forced. It is possible to arrange two modules, each of which carries out various actions. They are combined by automatic devices that provide autonomous operation.

Supply devices are the most expensive, it is caused by a complete set in the form of filters, a heater and fans of two types: axial and channel.

The equipment, which allows you not to think about how to effectively vent the garage cellar, can connect two devices at once without reducing the characteristics. Sufficiently widespread addition of special devices - recuperators, transferring the heat of the exhaust air to the supply. Thanks to them, you can save a lot on electricity, because in this case there is no need to heat the premises. They keep the temperature within five degrees above zero, this value is optimal for long-term storage of the car and its preservation in the same condition.

Deflector

After the arrangement of ventilation in the cold season under the outlets of pipelines condensation may accumulate. This can be prevented by using thermal insulation materials to insulate pipes and fixing special umbrellas in the interior. It should be noted that the difference in temperature inside the room and on the street should be at least five degrees.

It is recommended to take a deflector for the exhaust duct, in the wind, it will form a reduced pressure in it to reduce the air flow. The principle of operation of this device is based on:

• The effect of the wind flow on the inlet of the pipe and the wall construction of the garage;
• Different density and lifting force of supply and exhaust air.

To install the deflector does not require special tools, it is easy to fix it next to the end wall in an upright position. It is also necessary to use thermal insulation materials to prevent condensation on the inner surface.

What you need to know

According to foreign standards, at least 350 liters of fresh air should be delivered to the garage every hour. Domestic SNiPs are less strict: this value is within 180 liters. In this case, the exhaust port must be in a diagonal arrangement from the supply air.

Proper ventilation in the garage with a basement allows you to achieve the following:

• Long-term storage of food in the basement;
• The humidity in the room is within normal limits;
• Metal surfaces do not develop corrosion;
• The walls of the observation pit do not deteriorate from excessive moisture, and, accordingly, it is safe to stay in it;
• Rapid removal of harmful fumes and exhaust gases is ensured.

Before you make ventilation in the garage with a basement, you need to calculate the required performance, taking into account the number of cars, the structural design of the room and the area of the building.