VAZ-2114 - the engine is heated: the reasons and repair. Thermostat VAZ-2114

The internal combustion engine is so called that a combustion process takes place inside its cylinders. At the same time, a huge amount of thermal energy is released, which, thanks to the crank mechanism, turns into a mechanical mechanism. The temperature thus often exceeds 2000 degrees. No metal, no matter how strong and stable it is, will not last for long. It is in order to reduce the heat load and provide a normal temperature regime for the engine, and serves as a cooling system. In the event of a malfunction, the vehicle's power unit begins to overheat, resulting in the motor parts being expanded, the lubricant boils, the gaskets are burned out. The result of this destructive process can be the failure of the elements of the piston group and the cylinder head. To prevent such an outcome, it is important to know the possible causes of engine overheating and be ready to immediately eliminate them.

Signs indicating that the motor has overheated

Let's consider how the power unit VAZ-2114 behaves when its operating temperature exceeds the norm. The cooling system of this car is not much different from that of other cars, except that the simplicity and unreliability of its design. So, when the "fourteenth" motor overheats, he tells about it the following signs:

• The arrow of the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid leaves far in a red zone;
• The radiator cooling fan operates in a constant mode;
• In the salon there is a specific smell from boiling antifreeze (antifreeze);
• From under the hood there is a cloud of thick, sharply smelling steam - evidence of the boiling of the refrigerant.

What to do if you overheat

If, thanks to the listed characteristics, you understand that your VAZ-2114 is warming the engine more than normal, follow these steps:

• Immediately stop the engine;
• Roll the car closer to the roadside (if you're on the road);
• Turn on the ignition and recheck the temperature sensor;
• Raise the hood, inspect the engine compartment to determine where the coolant leaks;
• Pay attention to the amount of antifreeze (antifreeze) in the expansion tank, but never open it while the liquid is hot;
• Try to establish the cause of the overheating.

In such a situation, it is better to deliver the car to the repair site (in the service station or garage) by towing, but if this place is located no further than 1-2 km, in extreme cases, you can take risks and get by on your own. Naturally, periodically letting the engine cool down when the pointer of the sensor passes over 90 degrees.

Why is the engine warming up on VAZ-2114

Considering that the cooling system of the "fourteenth" is quite simple, it is entirely possible to bring it into operation on its own. But first, let's look at the main causes of engine overheating. They can be such:

• Insufficient amount of coolant in the system;
• The liquid pump (pump) is defective;
• The radiator fan switch has failed;
• Blown fuse blower;
• The fan itself broke;
• The heat-sink lamellae are clogged;
• The thermostat has failed;
• The expansion tank cap is faulty.

Consider these reasons in more detail.

Insufficient amount of coolant

Do you remember exactly that yesterday the level of the coolant was normal, but today in your VAZ-2114 the engine is warming and the expansion tank is empty? Hence, the integrity of the system was broken. And it's good, if only outside the motor. The worst thing in this case is the burning of the cylinder head gasket. This fault is tricky in that the liquid from the channels of the cooling jacket can get inside the cylinders, as well as into the oil channels. Because of this, often on the VAZ-2114, the engine is heated and the machine is stalling. The work of the motor is accompanied by a syzy exhaust with a characteristic smell. Here it is necessary to remove the cylinder head and wash the lubrication and cooling systems. In the worst case, a major engine overhaul will be required .

More often the cooling liquid leaves the system through the hose connections with the radiator (cooling and stove) nipples, thermostat, expansion tank, engine. If the engine is heated in VAZ-2114 and the leak of refrigerant is obvious, first check these places! This problem is solved by tightening the clamps and adding the liquid to the cooling system.

Next, inspect the hoses themselves. Often they simply crack from time, and antifreeze or antifreeze, being under pressure, flow out of the system. Such a fault is eliminated by replacing a hose.

Liquid pump failure

The role of the pump in the cooling system is to create pressure, through which the refrigerant circulates. Its failure can become not only the reason that the VAZ-2114 is heated by the engine, but also by a malfunction of the drive of the gas distribution mechanism. The matter is that the liquid pump is actuated through a gear wheel by a timing belt. Therefore, if the pump fails, this immediately affects the operability of the entire drive. In this case, you will need to replace the liquid pump and possibly the timing belt.

Malfunction of the fan switch

The failure of the fan switch causes the radiator to not receive any forced blowing when driving slowly. In other words, the fan simply does not turn on and the liquid does not cool. It is not difficult to check the sensor. For the "fourteenth" with carburetor engines, it's enough to turn on the ignition, disconnect the terminals from the sensor located on the radiator and close them together. If the fan is working, the sensor needs to be replaced. If the VAZ-2114 engine (8-valve injector) is heated, with the ignition on, simply remove the terminals from the coolant temperature sensor located on the cylinder block on the right. The electronic control unit will command the engine to run in emergency mode, and the fan should turn on. If this occurs, replace the sensor.

But here there is one more nuance - the fuse. If it burns out, the fan, of course, will not turn on. In the mounting block under the bonnet, locate the fuse F4 or F8. It is indicated by the corresponding symbol - the propeller. Remove it from the socket and check with the tester. If necessary, replace it.

Fan failure

Well, if the fan does not turn on, the problem can be in it. Fortunately, it is also easy to verify. Simply connect its terminals directly to the battery terminals. In this case, do not mix the polarity. Earn - look for the problem further. Will not work - the fan is in repair or replacement.

Defective thermostat

The VAZ-2114 thermostat is the main element of distribution of coolant flows. It is he who regulates the direction of its movement when the engine is cold and warmed up. The essence of the thermostat is to switch the flow of refrigerant from small to large circle when it reaches a certain temperature. If it begins to wedge, the motor will either very long heat, or very quickly.

Check the VAZ-2114 thermostat in the following way. Start the engine and warm it to a temperature of 90-95 degrees. Do not turn off the ignition, touch the bottom pipe of the radiator. If it is warm (hot), then everything is in order: the coolant circulates through a large circle and the overheating due to the thermostat is excluded. If the nozzle is cold, prepare to replace this part.

Stopper cork

Another cause of overheating may be the expansion tank plug. It is designed in such a way as to keep in the system a certain pressure, which in its performance is above atmospheric. This is to ensure that the water in the antifreeze or antifreeze does not boil at 100 degrees Celsius. If the plug is faulty and does not hold the required pressure, the coolant may boil prematurely. This will not cause a special overheating of the motor, but may cause a malfunction in the system.

Radiator cooling

You ask, and what if all the basic elements of the cooling system except the fan work properly, but the VAZ-2114 warms the engine while driving, because the counterflow of air even at medium speed can easily replace the propeller? There can only be one reason - the cooling fins are clogged. Dirt, dust, leaves, branches, insects - all this day after day settles in layers, not allowing air to blow out the lamellas.

To avoid this situation, the radiator must be periodically washed with a water jet, removing contamination.