Urban settlement in Russia

The urban settlement (smt) is a settlement. This division arose during the existence of the Soviet Union. Before the reform, in which such administrative units were given the current name, they were posad.

In order for the village to have an urban type, it is necessary to observe certain nuances. One of them is that at least 85% of the population of this item work not in the field of agriculture. In addition, the size of the urban settlement occupies an average value between the number of people living in villages and cities. For example, earlier in the town had to live at least 2 thousand inhabitants in Ukraine and 3 thousand - in Russia.

In the Federation, in addition to the standard name, in everyday life you can still hear other names: country, resort or working village. However, from the scientific point of view, the listed structural units are a division of the general concept of urban settlement.

Types of smt

Even in the days of the existence of the Russian SFSR, the classification of urban settlements has developed. Let us consider them below.

1. Resorts smt. Such an urban village should have a population of at least 2 thousand people. It is necessarily in its territory has several medical institutions. In this case, the number of holidaymakers should be at least half of permanent residents.
2. Workers smt. The urban settlement must have a permanent residence of at least 3 thousand people. Of these, 85% were involved in work at enterprises, in the railway sector, industrial, etc. Also, on the territory of the working village, there are necessarily universities, schools and other educational institutions.
3. Summer cottage. Such an urban-type settlement is a territory that provides services for summer recreation or recreation.

To date, most of the town remains in its category since the times of the USSR. However, at the moment there are no exact criteria for classification, since they are not unified. By the way, since the days of the RSFSR the number of rural settlements has decreased markedly (from 2,100 pieces to 1,900 pieces).

As of 2015, the largest population is Sunzha. The urban settlement (see photo below) is located in Ingushetia, and it is populated by more than 64 thousand people.

Sunzha

Sunzha - town, which until 2015 was still considered a stanitsa. Before it was officially recognized as an urban settlement, it was considered the largest village in Russia and one of the largest in the world.

Being the largest village in the Russian Federation, across all of Ingushetia (including cities), Sunzha ranks second in number. Every year there is an increase in the population, which, perhaps, in the next fifty years will turn it into a small city, and then into a metropolis. The national composition is, of course, represented by Russians (less than 1%), Chechens (7%) and Ingushes (90%). The rest are representatives of other minorities. It is worth noting that as early as 2002, there were much more Chechens here - 50% of the total population, but by now this figure has sharply decreased.

Considering the plan of the urban settlement, you can see that on its territory there is an important object for the economy - a creamery. There are also several schools, colleges and higher institutions (there are even universities).

Nakhabino

Nakhabino - town, located in the Moscow region. By population (and here live 40 thousand people), it ranks second in Russia. Until 2015, for 4 years he was the leader, but then lost to Sunzha.

Surprisingly, according to historical reports, the number of people in Nakhabino has constantly increased. And to this day there is an increase. It is not as great as we would like, but the fact of the increase should please the local authorities.

The economy of this urban settlement is constantly improving. This is due to the presence of a railway depot, various factories operating in the industrial sector, there is also furniture production. Even some cities and urban-type settlements larger can not boast of such a developed economy.

Goryachevodsky

In the Stavropol Territory is the third largest in Russia. By the way, he is on the river, which has the name Podkamok. Thanks to automobile bridges (and there are three of them), Goryachevodskiy joins Pyatigorsk.

Until 2010, the population in the urban-type settlement was steadily increasing, but for several years it has been declining. As of 2016, the population here is just slightly more than 36 thousand. The national composition is as follows: Russians (68%), Armenians (18%), others (12%).

In 2010, the urban-type settlements of Russia were represented by Goryachevodsky, but due to some factors the population began to immigrate to other settlements of the state.

Privolzhsky

Privolzhsky, located in the Saratov region, is one of the largest cities of Russia. As of 2015, it is home to slightly less than 35 thousand people. Recently, the dynamics of population change is incomprehensible: for several years it has been increasing, decreasing and remaining the same. Therefore, it is impossible to say for sure whether the quantity is decreasing or not.

Design of urban-type settlements is carried out in such a way that the territory for building up for schools and other educational institutions remains. Thus, in Privolzhsky there are 4 general educational institutions and 9 kindergartens.

The rank of the working village was appropriated to him in the distant 1939 and to this day he remains so.

Yablonovsky

In the Takhtamukai district (Adygea) is the settlement of Yablonovsky, founded in 1888. Here lives a little more than 32 thousand people. Considering the national composition, it is necessary to mention Russians, Armenians, Ukrainians, Koreans.

The climate of this region is common for the Russian Federation. The winter minimum is -36 ° C, the summer maximum is + 42 ° C. Precipitation falls 700 mm per year. Sam village is on the bank of the river. Kuban, opposite the notorious city of Krasnodar.

In Yablonovsky there are two markets that specialize in product sales. There is a post office in Russia and a branch of Sberbank. There are hospitals, a hospital, schools and kindergartens. A branch of one of the technological universities of Russia was built.

Tomilino

Another urban settlement, located in the Moscow region. It is inhabited by 31 thousand people. It was founded in 1894.

This settlement has a very successful location on the part of the economy. Near it on both sides is the railway, and he himself "stands" on one of the highways of Russia (highway P105).

Tomilino was famous in the previous century for its excellent nature and infrastructure. This allows us to call it a holiday village. The fact of close proximity to Moscow and the Moscow Ring Road attracts people for permanent residence.

According to one of the versions, the name appeared when the town passed into the possession of the merchant Tomilin.

Inozemtsevo

This resort town, located in the Stavropol Territory, has a population of 27 thousand people. The classification was appropriated to him in 1959. Mostly Russians, Armenians and Greeks live here. Near the village there is a mountain called Beshtau.

Since 2010, the population has started to decrease sharply, which is observed to this day. As of the same period, it was found that men in Inozemtsevo live less than women, almost 10%.

If we consider cellular communication, then there are 2G, 3G and 4G networks. This is a huge advantage that not all urban-type settlements of Russia have. There is also a sufficient number of kindergartens (6 pcs.), Schools (4 pcs.); There is a lyceum, an orphanage and two technical schools.

Vlasiha

Vlasikha, located in the Moscow region, has a population of 25 thousand people. This urban-type settlement has a unique feature - until 2009 it was considered a closed military facility.

There are 8 schools of different profiles, 3 sports clubs and 2 cultural centers. Moreover, the city has its own channel on television. Earlier (until 2008), the settlement had a large shopping center, but it burned down, and, unfortunately, to such an extent that it can not be restored.