Types, types of bulbs and socles

Each of us when choosing the lamps more than once noticed that there are simply a huge number of them - different designs, power, the base of different shapes and much more. So, sometimes you think about whether to buy some new lamp, because, according to the manufacturer, there is no harm from it, and electricity saves, and it shines quite brightly. Let's take a little look at what kinds of bulbs exist and how they differ from each other. Also, let's talk about which ones are more, and which are less harmful to health.

General information

Currently, a large number of different lighting lamps are on the market. The price between the cheapest and the most expensive can vary significantly. At the same time, the consumer as well as the technological properties of the product vary. In principle, sometimes it does not make much sense to purchase an expensive lamp, but it happens that it is simply necessary. In any case, much depends on the operating conditions. For example, at an elevated ambient temperature one lamp is used, with a high level of moisture - others, with frost - third and so on. To date, there are the following types of light bulbs:

• Incandescent;
• Luminescent;
• Halogen;
• LED light.

Let's look at each group and find out how they differ from each other. No doubt, there is something to talk about.

Incandescent lamps

This is perhaps the most common and popular lamp. You can say that for a long time, they were beyond competition in the market. But now the situation has changed a little, but we will not talk about this. The power of such lamps ranges from 15 to 300 watts, and the shape can be different. Today they are represented by two varieties: they are krypton and bispiral. Krypton lamps use Krypton gas for incandescence. The power of such products is usually not more than 100 watts and not less than 40. Among the advantages, one can distinguish a good light output.

The second type is the spiral lamp. Light they give due to a tungsten filament, which has an arc-shaped shape. Usually the surface of the lamps is made transparent, but there are also mirror and opaline ones. It makes sense to say that matting slightly worsens the light output, but at the same time makes the light more diffused. With such lighting, our eyes feel most comfortable and do not get tired. Now let's look at other types of bulbs. First - about the most popular.

Fluorescent lamps

In recent years, fluorescent lamps have been widely used. They have a number of significant advantages. Their power ranges from 8 to 80 watts. The principle of the lamp is based on the effect on the phosphors of ultraviolet radiation in a gaseous medium. It is safe to say that any kind of light bulbs of this type are pleasing to the eye, since they give a diffused and soft light.

Currently, fluorescent lamps are the main competitor of incandescent lamps. They are several times more economical. At the same time, at the same power, the luminous flux of fluorescent lamps is about 6-8 times higher. One can also say that the period of their service varies. In our case, it is about 10-20 times higher. By the way, there are drawbacks that are inherent in all such lamps: first, they are sensitive to temperature changes, and secondly, they often flicker because of the power drop.

Types of energy-saving light bulbs

We already considered fluorescent lamps , and now let's talk about halogen bulbs. The key feature of such products is that they are very bright. It should be understood that they come in different shapes. So, in some cases it is possible to achieve diffuse light, in others it is concentrated. It is also worth noting that these lamps are very small, for this simple reason they are extremely popular in the design of the room, because they are invisible and at the same time quite bright.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that all types of energy-saving light bulbs, in particular halogen lamps, do not tolerate the touch of human hands. It is due to the fact that a small amount of fat will remain on the surface, which in any case is present on the fingers and palms. When you turn on the lamp intensively heats up and a black spot appears on the spot of fat, and this significantly reduces the resource, on average by 30-50%, more accurately impossible to say. With proper operation, the lifetime of these lamps is at an altitude, however, sometimes there is a problem with contacts that are often burned.

About LED Lighting

All kinds of LED light bulbs are considered economical. You can say that they consume really little electricity, usually 50% less incandescent. Agree, with the same force of light, this is just an excellent result. Such lamps have not only high luminous efficiency, but also a long service life. In fact, all this makes such lamps of their kind unique, and it really is. True, voltage drops in the network adversely affect the LEDs, which will instantly burn.

Recently, interesting models of lamps have appeared on the market. Their main feature is the autonomy of the product. They turn on with the onset of darkness and work on solar panels or conventional batteries. In addition, the lamps are not afraid of either low or too high a temperature. Their performance will not be compromised.

What is a plinth?

If in brief, the socle is a certain structural element of the lamp, which makes it possible to install it in the cartridge. But since some types of lamps do not provide for a classic cartridge, then the plinth, in fact, may be absent. In addition, it is used as an electric power transmitter between the network and the lamp itself. Of course, often the socle is made of metal, but in some cases it is made of ceramics. The outer part of the product contains contacts, and the inner part contains filaments and electrodes.

It is necessary to understand that each lamp has its own type of cartridge, so only certain light bulbs can be installed there. Types of socles are divided into threaded and pins. Threaded (screw) is more common in everyday life, however, for example, halogen lamps most often have a pin base. That's why before buying always inspect the label of the light bulb. Types of socles can be learned to distinguish by letter on the body: G - pin base, E - threaded and so on.

Pin header and Edison base

The pin base is usually equipped with halogen and LED lamps. It is safe to say that this is a very popular and effective solution that allows not only to replace the burned lamp instantly, but also to significantly reduce its size. In this case, a pair of metal pins provides good contact. But it is extremely important that the nest where the socle is inserted is tight. If it is loose, then the lamp will constantly go away, but this is not good.

In principle, all types of light bulbs can work from such a socle, except for gas discharge ones. The Edison's base (screw) is the most reliable and widespread. It provides excellent contact and is suitable for all household lamps and chandeliers, since it is standardized. This is the best solution for the price / quality ratio.

Something about lamp cartridges

The most common cartridge for electric lamps is E27. It is used for incandescent, LED and sometimes halogen lamps. In second place is E14, which differs from the above with a smaller diameter and thread. Typically, it puts low-power lamps. As a material for manufacturing, ceramics and special plastics are used. The latter is less preferable, because due to high temperatures it can collapse, release dangerous gases and serve as a fire hazard. In Soviet times, the same types of bulb cartridges were used, but they were somewhat better. In any case, for normal operation, it is not recommended to install more powerful lamps than they should, since this will lead to the destruction of the cartridge.

And more about lamps

We have already examined with you the main types of bulbs and types of socles. I would like to note that it is not recommended to buy non-standard lamps. The reason is that they are problematically installed in the cartridge. Moreover, they can fail, and it is difficult to find a replacement, and a suitable cartridge is even more difficult. It should be understood that all types of automobile bulbs of category H, and any other are not used in everyday life, but they can be installed in the garage for additional lighting, etc.

Conclusion

So we have considered with you the most interesting. Now you know what kinds of halogen bulbs, incandescent, fluorescent and others are available. It should be understood that sometimes it is advisable to use one, but in other cases - others. So, often many kinds of diode bulbs are not used as the main lighting. They are suitable for highlighting dark places, etc. Nevertheless, some models are quite powerful and act as not only alternative, but also basic lighting. In principle, this is all that can be told about modern lamps, socles and cartridges for them.